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Indonesian Islamic Socialism and its South Asian Roots

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2019

KEVIN W. FOGG
KEVIN W. FOGG*
Affiliation:
Faculty of History, University of Oxford Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Islamic socialism was a major intellectual and political movement in Indonesia in the twentieth century, with ongoing influences until today. However, this movement did not follow the most common narratives of Indonesian intellectual history, which trace religious influences to the Middle East and political movements to anti-colonial reaction in terms framed by the Dutch. Rather, the first major Indonesian proponent of Islamic socialism, H. O. S. Tjokroaminoto, took his thinking on Islamic socialism directly from the English-language work of a South Asian itinerant scholar, Mushir Hosein Kidwai, in a process that most likely had the minority Ahmadiyyah community as intermediaries. Future Islamic socialist thought, much of it influenced by Tjokroaminoto, continued to echo through Indonesian secular nationalism, political Islam, and even Islamism. Studying the intellectual origins of Islamic socialism in Indonesia, then, shows not only the roots of an important strand of Southeast Asian politics in the last century, but also the importance of alternative currents of thought (South Asian, outside the mainstream, Anglophone) in Southeast Asian Islam.

Type
Research Article
Information
Modern Asian Studies , Volume 53 , Issue 6 , November 2019 , pp. 1736 - 1761
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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Footnotes

The author would like to thank Faizah Zakaria, Syahrul Hidayat, Rémy Madinier, Adeel Malik, Ibrahim Amin, Megan Robb, Fouzia Farooq, Francis Robinson, and Michael Feener; audiences at the Annual International Conference of Islamic Studies in Mataram (2013), Universitas Darussalam-Gontor, the Yale Council on Southeast Asia Studies, Metropolitan University Prague, and the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies; and the two anonymous reviewers for their contributions to improving this article. All faults remain with the author.

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