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Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the Pacific, 1895–1945
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 December 2009
Abstract
For the history connecting East Asia with the West, there is much literature about contact and trade across the Atlantic Ocean from the sixteenth to the early nineteenth centuries.1 This paper notes the rapid growth of the Pacific Ocean in linking Asia with the larger world in the early twentieth century by perceiving the economic relationships between Taiwan and Hong Kong while Japan colonized Taiwan. The Pacific route from Taiwan directly to America or through Japan largely replaced the Hong Kong–Atlantic–Europe–USA route to move Taiwan's export products to countries in the West. Other than still using Hong Kong as a trans-shipping point to connect with the world, Japan utilized Taiwan as a trans-shipping point to sell Japanese products to South China, and Taiwan's tea was sold directly to Southeast Asia rather than going through Hong Kong. Taiwan's exports to Japan took the place of its exports to China. Japanese and American goods dominated over European goods or Chinese goods from Hong Kong for Taiwan's import. Japanese and Taiwanese merchants (including some anti-Japanese merchants) overrode the British and Chinese merchants in Hong Kong to carry on the Taiwan–Hong Kong trade. America's westward expansion towards the Pacific, the rise of the Pacific shipping marked by the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914, and the rise of Japan relative to China, restructured intra-Asian relations and those between Asia and the rest of the world.
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References
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108 Sassa Hidehiko, Taiwan no sangyō to sono torihiki, p. 484.
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112 Calculated from: Ōkurashō (ed.), Nihon gaikoku bōeki nenpyō (Annual trade record of Japan's foreign trade) (Tokyo: Ōkurashō, 1936), 2; Gaimushō tsûshō kyoku comp., Kakkoku tsûshō no dōkō to Nihon (The commercial trend of various countries and Japan) (Shōwa 13 edition) (Tokyo: Nihon kokusai kyōkai, 1938), p. 26.
113 Calculated from Liang-lin Hsiao, China's Foreign Trade Statistics, 1864–1949, pp. 22–23, 149–50.
114 kai, Taiwan sōtokufu nettai sangyō chōsa, Honkon keizai chōsa iinkai hōkokusho (The report of the committee to investigate Hong Kong's economic situation) (Taipei: Taiwan sōtokufu nettai sangyō chōsa kai, 1937), p. 12Google Scholar.
115 Calculation based on Taiwan sheng tongzhi (A General history of Taiwan) (Taipei: Taiwan sheng wenxian weiyuanhui, 1971), vol. 4, Jingji zhi shangye pian, pp. 170b–171b.
116 Tanaka Morikazu (ed.), Nihon san shōnō sankō shiryō, p. 11.
117 Informed by Professor Wu Songdi of Fudan University at Shanghai in his June, 2007 visit to Taipei.
118 See Man-houng Lin, ‘Taiwan yu Dongbei jian de maoyi, 1932–41’ (Taiwan's trade with Manchukuo), Zhongyang yanjiuyuan jindaishi yanjiusuo jikan, vol. 24 (June 1995), pp. 24, 653–96.
119 Taiwan nichinichi shinpō (Japanese section), Meiji 32.9.9.
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123 Detailed in Man-houng Lin, ‘Elite Survival in Regime Transition: Government-Merchant Cooperation in Taiwan's Trade with Japan, 1950–1961’, in Shigeru Akita and Nick White (eds), The International Order of Asia in the 1930s and 1950s (In Press).