¹ Full diacritical marks, including ‘ayn and hamzah, will beprovided only at a word's first occurrence. With apologies to Arabists, I have chosen a system of transliteration which reflects Urdu pronunciations of Arabic words. With the single modification of using ‘w’ for ‘wāw,’ instead of ‘v,’ I have employed the Library of Congress system. In the interest of simplicity, I have not used diacriticals or orthographic transliterations of personal names. With these, I have only aimed at consistency and the representation of their actual pronunciation.

² Terms like ‘fundamentalist,’ ‘reformist,’ ‘revivalist’ and the rest occur so regularly and with so little precision that they may be nextto useless as analytical categories. Scholars are saddled with them, however, until some superior terminology appears. For attempts, not entirely successful, to modify or avoid them, see, Roy, O., Islam and Resistance in Afghanistan, 2nd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990)CrossRefGoogle Scholarand Vatin, J., ‘Seduction and Sedition,’ Islam and the Political Economy of Meaning, Roff, W. (ed.) (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), 160–79.Google Scholar

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