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Whiteite-(MnMnMn), a new jahnsite-group mineral species from the Foote mine, North Carolina, USA, and chemical pressure effects in jahnsite-group minerals.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2021

Ian E. Grey Open the ORCID record for Ian E. Grey [Opens in a new window] ,
Jason B. Smith ,
Anthony R. Kampf Open the ORCID record for Anthony R. Kampf [Opens in a new window] ,
W. Gus Mumme ,
Colin M. MacRae ,
Alan Riboldi-Tunnicliffe ,
Stephanie Boer Open the ORCID record for Stephanie Boer [Opens in a new window] ,
Alexander M. Glenn  and
Robert W. Gable
Ian E. Grey*
Affiliation:
CSIRO Mineral Resources, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria3169, Australia
Jason B. Smith
Affiliation:
2148 McClintock Road, Charlotte, NC28205, USA
Anthony R. Kampf
Affiliation:
Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA90007, USA
W. Gus Mumme
Affiliation:
CSIRO Mineral Resources, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria3169, Australia
Colin M. MacRae
Affiliation:
CSIRO Mineral Resources, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria3169, Australia
Alan Riboldi-Tunnicliffe
Affiliation:
Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria3168, Australia
Stephanie Boer
Affiliation:
Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria3168, Australia
Alexander M. Glenn
Affiliation:
CSIRO Mineral Resources, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria3169, Australia
Robert W. Gable
Affiliation:
School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria3010, Australia.
*
*Author for correspondence: Ian E. Grey, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Whiteite-(MnMnMn), Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2⋅8H2O, is a new whiteite-subgroup member of the jahnsite group from the Foote Lithium Company mine, Kings Mountain district, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA. It was found in small vugs of partially oxidised pegmatite minerals on the East dump of the mine, in association with eosphorite, hureaulite, fairfieldite, mangangordonite, whiteite-(CaMnMn) and jasonsmithite. It occurs as sugary aggregates of blade-like crystals up to 0.1 mm long and as epitaxial overgrowths on whiteite-(CaMnMn). The crystals are colourless to very pale brown, with a vitreous lustre and a white streak. The blades are flattened on {001} and elongated along [010], with poor cleavage on {001}. The calculated density is 2.82 g⋅cm–3. Optically it is biaxial (–) with α = 1.599(2), β = 1.605(2), γ = 1.609(2) (white light); 2V (calc.) = 78.2°, having no observable dispersion or pleochroism, and with orientation X = b. Electron microprobe analyses and structure refinement gave the empirical formula (Mn2+0.59Ca0.38Na0.03)Σ1.00Mn1.00(Mn2+1.04Fe3+0.58Fe2+0.23Zn0.16Mg0.08)Σ2.09Al2.04(PO4)3.89(OH)3.18(H2O)7.26. Whiteite-(MnMnMn) is monoclinic, P2/a, a = 15.024(3) Å, b = 6.9470(14) Å, c = 9.999(2) Å, β = 110.71(3)°, V = 976.2(4) Å3 and Z = 2. The crystal structure was refined using synchrotron single-crystal data to wRobs = 0.057 for 2014 reflections with I > 3σ(I). Site occupancy refinements confirm the ordering of dominant Mn in the X, M1 and M2 sites of the general jahnsite-group formula XM1(M2)2(M3)2(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4. A review of published crystallochemical data for jahnsite-group minerals shows a consistent chemical pressure effect in these minerals, manifested as a contraction of the unit-cell parameter, a, as the mean size of the X and M1 site cations increases. This is analogous to negative thermal expansion, but with increasing cation size, rather than heating, inducing octahedral rotations that result in an anisotropic contraction of the unit cell.

Keywords

whiteite-(MnMnMn)new jahnsite-group mineralcrystal structurechemical pressure
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 85 , Issue 6 , December 2021 , pp. 862 - 867
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Oleg I Siidra

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