Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T09:31:52.294Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mixing of basaltic and andesitic magmas in the Bazman volcanic field of southeastern Iran as inferred from plagioclase zoning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Zahra Firouzkouhi ,
Ali Ahmadi ,
David Richard Lentz  and
Ali-Asghar Moridi-Farimani
Zahra Firouzkouhi
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 98155-987, Iran
Ali Ahmadi*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 98155-987, Iran
David Richard Lentz
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Brunswick, 2 Bailey Drive, Fredericton E3B 5A3, Canada
Ali-Asghar Moridi-Farimani
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 98155-987, Iran
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Late Cenozoic basalts of the Bazman volcanic field, Makran volcanic arc of southern Iran, contain two types of plagioclase feldspar phenocrysts with significant textural and compositional differences. The most common type is rather homogeneous with only weak zoning and maximum An content of 83 mol.%. The less common type of phenocryst exhibits complex zoning and, other than rims, is close in composition and similar in texture to those of associated andesites. This type of plagioclase phenocryst is characterized by an engulfed core with oscillatory zoning, which is overgrown by sieve-textured, moderately zoned mantle, and a relatively narrow rim. In both rock types, the An content of the core is between 40 and 63 mol.% with abrupt fluctuations. No significant correlation between An content and MgO, FeO, SrO and BaO is apparent in the core of phenocrysts in basalts. Anorthite content of the core of phenocrysts in andesites inversely correlates with SrO and BaO. The mantle of plagioclase phenocrysts in both rock types is characterized by sharp increases of An (up to 41 mol.%), MgO, and FeO, in the contact with the core. Anorthite correlates positively with MgO and FeO in the mantle, but correlation between An and SrO and BaO is not evident. It is assumed that plagioclase phenocrysts originally crystallizing from the host andesitic magma were interrupted by mixing with a hotter, juvenile basaltic magma. The resulting changes in temperature, composition, and H2O content of the surrounding melt caused compositional zonation, and the development of resorption in the cores and sieve texture in the mantles. As the An contents of the rims of the phenocrysts resemble the average An content of the groundmass plagioclases in both rock types, it is thought that the two involved magmas gained their independent physical identity before the formation of compositionally-distinct rims of plagioclase phenocrysts.

Keywords

plagioclase zoningmagma mixingsieve textureresorptionBazman volcano
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 81 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 975 - 985
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, A.T. (1976) Magma mixing: petrological process and volcanological tool. Journal of Volcanology and GeothermalResearch, 1, 3–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arth, D. (1976) Behavior of trace elements during magmatic processes-a summary of theoretical models and their applications. Journal of Research of United States Geological Survey, 4, 858–863.Google Scholar
Biabangard, H. and Moradian, A. (2008) Geology and geochemical evaluation of Taftan Volcano, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, southeast of Iran. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 27, 356–369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Churikova, T.G., Ivanov, B.V., Eichelberger, J., Worner, G., Browne, B. andIzbekov, P. (2013) Major and trace element zoning in plagioclase from Kizimen volcano (Kamchatka): insight into magma chamber processes. Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 7, 112–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conrad, G., Montigny, R., Thuizat, R. and Westphal, M. (1981) Tertiary and Quaternary geodynamics of southern Lut (Iran) as deduced from palaeomagnetic, isotopic and structural data. Tectonophysics, 75, 11–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Couch, S., Sparks, R.S.J. and Carroll, M.R. (2001) Mineral disequilibrium in lavas explained by convect-ive self-mixing in open magma chambers. Nature, 411, 1037–1039.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dupuy, C. and Dostal, J. (1978) Geochemistry of calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from southeastern Iran (Kouh-e-Shahsavaran). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 4, 363–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eichelberger, J.C., Chertkoff, D.G., Dreher, S.T. and Nye, C.J. (2000) Magmas in collision: Rethinking chemical zonation in silicic magmas. Geology, 28, 603–606.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ginibre, C., Kronz, A. and Worner, G. (2002) High-resolution quantitative imaging of plagioclase composition using accumulated backscattered electron images: new constraints on oscillatory zoning. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 142, 436–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ginibre, C. and Worner, G. (2007) Variable parent magmas and recharge regimes of the Parinacota magma system (N. Chile) revealed by Fe, Mg and Sr zoning in plagioclase. Lithos, 98, 118–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphreys, M.C.S., Blundy, J.D. and Sparks, R.S.J. (2006) Magma evolution and open-system processes at Shiveluch volcano: Insights from phenocryst zoning. Journal of Petrology, 47, 2303–2334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenner, G.A. (1996) Trace element Geochemistry of igneous rocks: geochemical nomenclature and analytical geochemistry. Pp. 51–77 in: Trace Element Geochemistry of Volcanic Rocks: Applications for Massive Sulphide Exploration (Wyman, D.A., editor). Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Notes, 12, Winnipeg.Google Scholar
Kawamoto, T, (1992) Dusty and honeycomb plagioclase: indicators of processes in the Uchino stratified magma chamber, Izu Peninsula, Japan. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 48, 191–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landi, P., Metrich, N., Bertagnini, A. and Rosi, M. (2004) Dynamics of magma mixing and degassing recorded in plagioclase at Stromboli (Aeolian Archipelago, Italy). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 147, 213–227.Google Scholar
Lange, R.A, Frey, H.M. and Hector, J. (2010) A thermodynamic model for the plagioclase-liquid hygrometer/thermometer. American Mineralogist, 94, 494–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, C.T.A. and Bachmann, O. (2014) How important is the role of crystal fractionation in making andesitic magmas? Insight from Zr and P systematic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 393, 266–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCall, G.J.H. (1997) The geotectonic history of the Makran and adjacent areas of southern Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 15, 517–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moinevaziri, H. (1985) Volcanism tertiar et quaternair en Iran. These d'Etat, Orsay University, Paris.Google Scholar
Nakamura, M. and Shimakita, S. (1998) Dissolution origin and syn-entrapment compositional change of melt inclusion in plagioclase. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 161, 119–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, S.T. and Montana, A. (1992) Sieve-textured plagioclase in volcanic rocks produced by rapid decompression. American Mineralogist, 77,1242–1249.Google Scholar
Pang, K.N., Chung, S.L., Zarrinkoub, M.H., Chiu, H.Y. and Hua, X. (2014) On the magmatic record of the Makran arc, southeastern Iran: Insights from zircon U-Pb geochronology and bulk-rock geochemistry. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15, 2151–2169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perugini, D., Busa, T., Poli, G. and Nazzareni, S. (2003) The role of chaotic dynamics and flow fields in the development of disequilibrium textures in volcanic rocks. Journal of Petrology, 44, 733–756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pringle, G.J., Trembath, L.T and Pajari, G.E. (1974) Crystallization history of a zoned plagioclase. Mineralogical Magazine, 39, 867–877.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putirka, K.A. (2005) Igneous thermometers and barometers based on plagioclase plus liquid equilibria: tests of some existing models and new calibrations. American Mineralogist, 90, 336–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruprecht, P. and Worner, G. (2007) Variable regimes in magma systems documented in plagioclase zoning patterns:ElMististratovolcanoand Andahua monogenetic cones. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 165, 142–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rutherford, M.J. and Devine, J.D. III (2008) Magmatic conditions and processes in the storage zone of the 2004-2006 Mount St. Helens dacite. Pp. 703–725 in: A Volcano Rekindled: The Renewed Eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (D.R., Sherrod, W.E., Scott, and Stauffer, P.H., editors). U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1750. US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, USA.Google Scholar
Saadat, S. and Stern, C.R. (2011) Petrochemistry and genesis of olivine basalts from small monogenetic parasitic cones of Bazman stratovolcano, Makran arc, southeastern Iran. Lithos, 125, 607–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Severs, M.J., Beard, J.S., Fedele, L., Hanchar, J.M., Mutchler, S.R. and Bodnar, R.J. (2009) Partitioning behavior of trace elements between dacitic melt and plagioclase, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene based on laser ablation ICPMS analysis of silicate melt inclusions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73, 2123–2143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shcherbakov, V.D., Plechov, P.Y., Izbekov, P.E. and Shipman, J.S. (2010) Plagioclase zoning as an indicator of magma processes at Bezymianny Volcano, Kamchatka. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 162, 83–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shore, M. and Fowler, D.A. (1996) Ossillatory zoning in minerals: a common phenomenon. The Canadian Mineralogist, 34, 1111–1126.Google Scholar
Singer, B., Dungan, M.A. and Layne, G.D. (1995) Textures and Sr, Ba, Mg, Fe, K and Ti compositional profiles in volcanic plagioclase: clues to the dynamics of calc-alkaline magma chambers. American Mineralogist, 80, 776–798.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, D. and Tait, S. (1996) Magma mixing by convective entrainment. Nature, 379, 529–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, M.L. and Pearce, T.H. (2004) Sieve-textured plagioclase in dacitic magma: Interference imaging results. American Mineralogist, 89, 348–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Streck, M.J. (2008) Mineral textures and zoning as evidence for open system processes. Pp. 595–622 in. Minerals, Inclusions and Volcanic Processes (Putirka, K.D. and Tepley, F.J. III, editors). Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry, 69. Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society, Chantilly, Virginia, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsuchiyama, A. (1985) Dissolution kinetics of plagioclase in the melt of the system diopside-albite-anorthite, and origin of dusty plagioclase in andesite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vance, I A. (1965) Zoning in igneous plagioclase: patchy zoning. Journal of Geology, 73, 636–651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viccaro, M., Giacomoni P.P., Ferlito, C. and Cristofolini, C. (2010) Dynamics of magma supply at Mt. Etna volcano (Southern Italy) as revealed by textural and compositional features of plagioclase phenocrysts. Lithos, 116, 77–91.Google Scholar
Volynets, O.N., Popolitov, E.I., Flerov, G.B. and Kirsanov, I.T. (1977) Composition and geochemical characteristics of plagioclases from Quaternary volcanic rocks of Kamchatka and Kuril Islands. Geokhimiya, 5, 736–747.Google Scholar
Williamson, B.J., Herrington, R.J. and Morris, A. (2016) Porphyry copper enrichment linked to excess aluminium in plagioclase. Naure Geoscience, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2651.Google Scholar
Zarifi, Z. (2006) Unusual subduction zones: case studies in Colombia and Iran. PhD Thesis, University of Bergen, Norway.Google Scholar
Zellmer, G.F., Blake, S., Vance, D., Hawkesworth, C. and Turner, S. (1999) Plagioclase residence times at two island arc volcanoes (Kameni Islands, Santorini, and Soufriere, St. Vincent) determined by Sr diffusion systematic. Contributions to Minerology and Petrology, 136, 345–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhijian, N., Yue, L. and Yongjun, D. (2014) Plagioclase zoning as a record of magma evolution. Acta Geologica Sinica [English Edition], 88, 1477–1478.Google Scholar