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Identification of iron-containing impurities in natural kaolinites using the Mössbauer effect

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

C. S. Hogg ,
P. J. Malden  and
R. E. Meads
C. S. Hogg
Affiliation:
Research Laboratories, English Clays, Lovering, Pochin & Co. Ltd., St. Austell, Cornwall
P. J. Malden
Affiliation:
Research Laboratories, English Clays, Lovering, Pochin & Co. Ltd., St. Austell, Cornwall
R. E. Meads
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Exeter
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Summary

Two clay samples originating in the kaolinized granite area near St. Austell, Cornwall, have been examined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The iron-containing impurity in the sample with a red discoloration (sample A) has, by measurement of the hyperfine magnetic field, been identified as hematite. In the case of sample B, which was yellow in colour, preliminary Mössbauer work indicated β-FeOOH as the impurity, but detailed measurements of hyperfine field and Nöel temperature, when compared with similar results for a synthetic β-FeOOH sample, suggested otherwise. X-ray and chemical work suggested that the iron-containing phase in sample B is goethite, α-FeOOH in which some substitution of Al+3 for Fe3+ has occurred; the Mössbauer data are consistent with this conclusion. Both clay samples exhibited superparamagnetic behaviour and this has been utilized to obtain rough estimates of the mean radius of the particles of the iron-containing impurity. These were 117 Å for the α-Fe2O3 in sample A and 270 Å for aluminian α-FeOOH in sample B.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 40 , Issue 309 , March 1975 , pp. 89 - 96
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1975

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