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The geochemistry of hydrothermal and pelagic sediments from the Galapagos Hydrothermal Mounds Field, D.S.D.P. Leg 70

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

S. A. Moorby  and
D.S. Cronan
S. A. Moorby
Affiliation:
Applied Geochemistry Research Group, Geology Department, Imperial College, London SW7
D.S. Cronan
Affiliation:
Applied Geochemistry Research Group, Geology Department, Imperial College, London SW7
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Abstract

Over 200 sediment samples taken from ten holes drilled in the Galapagos Hydrothermal Mounds Field during D.S.D.P. Leg 70 have been analysed for twenty-one elements. The three main sediment lithologies recognized are siliceous carbonate ooze, Mn-oxide crust, and an Fe-rich silicate (nontronite), the latter two being of hydrothermal origin. The major element composition of the hydrothermal deposits is similar in each mound hole, suggesting that formation conditions and hydrothermal solution composition have been constant both geographically and with time. The large variations which occur in the concentration of some trace elements in the Mn-oxide crusts and in transition metal ratios in the nontronite compared with the pelagic ooze suggests a hydrothermal supply to the mounds of Li, Mo, Pb, and Ba in addition to Mn, Fe, and silica.

The data are compatible with suggestions that the nontronite formed at depth in the pelagic sediment blanket by replacement of biogenic ooze, whilst the Mn crusts formed at or near the sediment-water interface. Pelagic sediments in the mounds which have not been replaced are similar in composition to pelagic sediments from non-mounds holes.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 47 , Issue 344 , September 1983 , pp. 291 - 300
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1984

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