Hostname: page-component-669899f699-8p65j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-27T17:59:28.842Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The geochemistry of basalt-sea-water interactions: evidence from Deception Island, Antarctica, and Reykjanes, Iceland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

H. Elderfield ,
E. Gunnlaugsson ,
S. J. Wakefield  and
P. T. Williams
H. Elderfield
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Gt. Britain
E. Gunnlaugsson
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Gt. Britain
S. J. Wakefield
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Gt. Britain
P. T. Williams
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, Gt. Britain
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Sea-water from Deception Island was found to contain 0·55–1·48 mg Mn 1−1 and 10·2-64·3 mg Si 1−1. Reaction of Deception Island basalt and sea-water at 190 °C and 500 bars simulated the measured water composition but leaching experiments suggest that much of the Mn etc. may derive from local volcanic ash. Mn and Mg in thermal waters at Reykjanes have concentrations compatible with equilibrium with components of montmorillonite present as an alteration mineral of average composition . However, Fe is controlled by equilibrium with sulphides. Flux calculations based on these and other data place upper limits on hydrothermal Mn input to the oceans of 5–36×1011 g yr−1 and Mn accumulation in metalliferous sediments of 2–9×1011 g yr−1.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 41 , Issue 318 , June 1977 , pp. 217 - 226
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1977

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Arnorsson, (S.), 1970. Geothermics, sp. issue, 2, 536.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arnorsson, (S.), 1975. Am. J. Sci. 275, 763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aumento, (F.), Mitchell, (W. S.), and Fratta, (M.), 1976. Can. Mineral. 14, 269.Google Scholar
Baker, (P. E.) and McReath, (I.), 1971. Nature, 231, 5.Google Scholar
Bender, (M. L.), Klinkhammer, (G. P.), and Spencer, (D. W.), Deep-Sea Res., in press.Google Scholar
Berner, 1971. Principles of Chemical Sedimentology, New York (McGraw Hill).Google Scholar
Bischoff, (J. L.) and Dickson, (F. W.), 1975. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 25, 385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjornsson, (S.), Arnorsson, (S.), and Tomasson, (J.), 1972. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 56, 2380.Google Scholar
Bott, (M. H. P.), 1971. The Interior of the Earth, London (Arnold).Google Scholar
Drever, (J. I.), 1974. In: The Sea, 5 (ed. Goldberg, E. D.), New York (Wiley), 337-57.Google Scholar
Edwards, (D. S.) and Goodell, (H. G.), 1969. Marine Geol. 7, 207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elderfield, (H.), 1972. Marine Geol. 13, Mi.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elderfield, (H.), 1976. Marine Chem. 4, 103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrels, (R. M.) and Christ, (C. L.), 1965. Solutions, Minerals and Equilibria, New York (Harper and Row).Google Scholar
Gass, (I. G.) and Smewing, (J. D.), 1973. Nature, 242, 26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hajash, (A.), 1975. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 53, 205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, (R.), 1973. Can. J. Earth Sci. 10, 799.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helgeson, (H. C), 1969. Am. J. Sci. 267, 729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyle, (M. W.), in press, Geology. Google Scholar
Melson, (W. G.) and van Andel (Tj. H.), 1966. Marine Geol. 4, 165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyashiro, (A.), Shido, (F.), and Ewing, (M.), 1971. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London), A 268, 589.Google Scholar
Mottl, (M. J.), Corr, (R. F.), and Holland, (H. D.), 1974. Geol. Soc. Amer. Ann. Mtg., Abstr. Progr. 879.Google Scholar
Mottl, (M. J.), Corr, (R. F.), and Holland, (H. D.), 1975. Ibid. 1206.Google Scholar
Muehlenbachs, (K.) and Clayton, (R. N.), 1972. Can. J. Earth Sci. 9, 471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Padfield, (T.) and Gray, (A.), 1971. Philips Analytical Equipment Bulletin FS35.Google Scholar
Robie, (R. A.) and Waldbaum, (D. R.), 1968. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1259. Google Scholar
Shor, G. G. Jr.), Menard, (H. W.), and Raitt, (R. W.), 1970. In: The Sea, 4, Part II (ed. Maxwell, A. E.), New York (Wiley), 3–27.Google Scholar
Spooner, (E. T. C), 1974. Abstr. of Paper presented at Min. Soc. Geochem. Group. Mtg. Stable Isotope Geo-chemistry, Dec. 1974.Google Scholar
Spooner, (E. T. C), 1976. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 31, 167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spooner, (E. T. C) and Fyfe, (W. S.), 1973. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 42, 287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spooner, (E. T. C), Beckinsale, (R. D.), Fyfe, (W. S.), and Smewing, (J. D.), 1974. Ibid. 47, 41.Google Scholar
Strickland, (J. D. H.) and Parsons, (T. R.), 1972. Bull. Fish. Bd. Canada, 167 (2nd edn.).Google Scholar
Tardy, (Y.) and Garrels, (R. M.), 1974. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 38, 1101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, (P. S.) and Stoiber, (R. E.), 1973. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 84, 1031.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomasson, (J.) and Kristmannsdottir, (H.), 1972. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 36, 123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, (D. L.) and von Herzen, (R. P.), 1974. Geology, 2, 327.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolery, (T. J.) and Sleep, (N. H.), 1976. J. Geol. 84, 249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, (J. B.), 1971. In: Understanding the Earth (ed. Gass, I. G., Smith, P. J., and Wilson, R. C. L.), Sussex (Artemis Press), 301-13.Google Scholar