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Cr-Zr-armalcolite-bearing lamproites of Cancarix, SE Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

Simona Contini ,
Gianpiero Venturelli ,
Lorenzo Toscani ,
Silvio Capedri  and
Mario Barbieri
Simona Contini
Affiliation:
Istituto di Petrografia Università, viale delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
Gianpiero Venturelli
Affiliation:
Istituto di Petrografia Università, viale delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
Lorenzo Toscani
Affiliation:
Istituto di Petrografia Università, viale delle Scienze, 43100 Parma, Italy
Silvio Capedri
Affiliation:
Istituto di Mineralogia e Petrologia Università, via S. Eufemia, 41100 Modena, Italy
Mario Barbieri
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università 'La Sapienza', Piazzale A. Moro, 00185 Roma, Italy
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Abstract

Lamproites with high MgO, high SiO2 affinity are abundant only in SE Spain where the Cancarix outcrop (in the province of Albacete) occurs. The rocks of Cancarix are peralkaline, saturated to oversaturated in silica, very high in K2O, Th and LREE. The mineralogy and petrography show some variations which depend on the conditions of emplacement and rate of cooling of the magma. The following phases may be present: olivine, phlogopite, K-amphibole, clinopyroxene, sanidine, orthopyroxene, apatite, and, in minor amounts, Cr-spinel, minerals of the pseudobrookite group, ilmenite, roedderite, dalyite, carbonate, analcime (probably pseudomorphous on leucite), a silica phase, rutile, pyrochlore (?), britholite (?) and glass. The lamproites of Cancarix contain Cr-Zrarmalcolite, which is typical of lunar basalts and which has been found also in kimberlites. The composition of early magmatic spinel and the occurrence of Cr-Zr-armalcolite indicate low oxygen fugacity for the primitive magma and related mantle source, in agreement with recent experimental data on lamproitic systems. The redox conditions changed during crystallisation, leading to increase of the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio in the system. During the later stages of crystallisation, the residual melts/fluids were depleted in alumina and enriched in several components, e.g. Na, Zr, Fe, REE, C1, etc. stabilising Na-Fe-clinopyroxene, dalyte, arfvedsonitic rims around K-richterite and other alumina-free phases which, on a chemical basis, have been identified as britholite and pyrochlore. Rough comparison with experimental systems and the geochemistry of the rocks suggests that the magma was generated at shallow depth (≪20 kbar) in the lithospheric mantle, which, after early depletion, underwent strong enrichment in many 'incompatible' elements.

Keywords

lamproitic magmaoxygen fugacitycrystailisationCancarixSE Spain
Type
Geochemistry and Petrology
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 57 , Issue 387 , June 1993 , pp. 203 - 216
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1993

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