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Tourmaline from the Solnechnoe tin deposit, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2019

Ivan A. Baksheev Open the ORCID record for Ivan A. Baksheev [Opens in a new window] ,
Marina F. Vigasina ,
Vasily O. Yapaskurt ,
Igor A. Bryzgalov  and
Nina V. Gorelikova
Ivan A. Baksheev*
Affiliation:
Geology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow119991Russia
Marina F. Vigasina
Affiliation:
Geology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow119991Russia
Vasily O. Yapaskurt
Affiliation:
Geology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow119991Russia
Igor A. Bryzgalov
Affiliation:
Geology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow119991Russia
Nina V. Gorelikova
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Staromonetny per., Moscow, 119017, Russia
*
*Author for correspondence: Ivan A. Baksheev, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Tourmaline from the Solnechnoe hydrothermal granitoid-related tin deposit in the Khabarovsk Krai, Russian Far East has been studied with electron microprobe, infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Tourmaline formed in three distinct stages with different types of chemical substitution. Tourmaline from the first unmineralised stage is classified as dravite or schorl, which could be enriched locally in Ca, the X-site vacancy and F. This tourmaline is characterised by the Fe ↔ Mg and X vacancy + Al ↔ Na + Fe substitutions. The second, molybdenum-stage tourmaline, is schorl–dravite and fluor-schorl–fluor-dravite enriched in Ca, and a few compositions belong to the calcic group. The predominant substitution is Ca + Mg ↔ Na + Al. The third, tin-stage tourmaline, is classified as schorl–dravite with some tourmalines being fluor-schorl, oxy-schorl, foitite and magnesio-foitite. The tin-stage tourmaline is characterised by the substitutions Fe2+ ↔ Mg, Altot + O2– ↔ Fe2+ + OH–, and Fe3+ ↔ Altot. An increase of the Fe3+/Fetot value from 3–9% in the molybdenum stage to 12–16% in the tin-stage tourmalines indicates an increase in oxidation potential, which possibly contributed to cassiterite deposition. Comparison of tourmalines from greisen, porphyry and intrusion-related tin deposits worldwide shows they differ in primary chemical substitutions so can be characterised by this mechanism. The Fe3+/Fetot value in tourmaline also appears to be one of the indications for the tin deposit type. The Fe3+/Fetot value increases from <10% in greisen tourmaline through 15% in tourmaline from intrusion-related deposits to 20% in tourmaline from porphyry deposits.

Keywords

tourmalinesubstitutionstin depositSolnechnoeRussiadraviteschorlfluor-schorlfluor-dravite
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 84 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 245 - 265
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2019

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Ferdinando Bosi

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