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Muscovite solid solutions in the system K2O-MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O: an experimental study at 2 kbar PH2O and comparison with natural Li-Free white micas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

Gilles Monier  and
Jean-Louis Robert
Gilles Monier
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Pérologie, Université d'Orléans, 45046 Orléans Cedex, France Centre de Recherche sur la Synthèse et Chimie des Minéraux, G.I.S.C.N.R.S.-B.R.G.M., 1A rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of muscovite solid solutions in the system K2O-M2+O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-(HF), with M2+ = Mg2+ or Fe2+ in the temperature range 300-700°C under 2 kbar PH2O. Muscovite solid solutions can be described, in this system, as the result of two substitutions. One is the phengitic substitution (x), which preserves the pure dioctahedral character of the mica; the second is the biotitic substitution (y), which leads to trioctahedral micas and does not change the composition of the tetrahedral layer Si3Al. The general formula of muscovite in this system is K(Al2−x−2y∕3M2+x+y□1−y∕3)(Si3+xAl1−x)O10(OH,F)2. Both substitutions x and y are more extensive at lower temperatures. The extent of solid solution decreases drastically with increasing temperature.

For T > 600°C, the phengitic substitution (x) becomes negligible, but some biotitic substitution (y) persists. This unsymmetrical decrease of the solid solution of muscovite with increasing temperature is similar to that previously observed in phlogopite, the micas with a tetrahedral layer composition of Si3Al being the most stable. The behaviour of muscovite solid solutions in the ferrous system is qualitatively identical to that observed in the magnesian one, but the extent of solid solution is smaller than with Mg2+. Fluorine neither changes the size nor the shape of the solid solution fields but increases their stability by about 50°C.

A comparison of these experimental results with data on natural muscovites is presented. Most natural primary (magmatic) granitic muscovites lie very close to the muscovite end member, in agreement with their high-temperature origin. Low-temperature muscovites (300–400°C), typically muscovites from hydrothermally altered granitic rocks, can have high x and y values. The rate of the biotitic substitution y can reach 0.6, which corresponds to an octahedral occupancy of 2.2 atoms per formula unit (based on 11 oxygens), consistent with the experimental data.

Keywords

muscovitephengitesolid solutioncrystal-chemistryexperimental mineralogygraniteshydrothermal alteration
Type
Mineralogy
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 50 , Issue 356 , June 1986 , pp. 257 - 266
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1986

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