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Glauconite and celadonite: two separate mineral species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

H. A. Buckley ,
J. C. Bevan ,
K. M. Brown ,
L. R. Johnson  and
V. C. Farmer
H. A. Buckley
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 58D
J. C. Bevan
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 58D
K. M. Brown
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 58D
L. R. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 58D
V. C. Farmer
Affiliation:
The Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB 9 2QJ
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Summary

Analyses of glauconites and celadonites from continental sedimentary rocks and sea-floor basalts using X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, infra-red spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy are reported. The minerals are shown to be distinct species; each an isomorphous replacement series, glauconite having an average half unit cell of K0·85(Fe3+, Al3+)1·34 (Mg2+, Fe2+)0·66(Si3·76Al0·24)O10(OH)2 whereas celadonite approaches the ideal half unit cell of K(Fe3+, Al3+)(Mg2+, Fe2+)Si4O10(OH)2. Considerable Fe3+Alvi interchangeability occurs in the octahedral layer in both minerals and considerable substitution of aluminium in the tetrahedral layer of glauconites results in the more disordered 1Md type of structure compared with the more highly ordered 1M structure of celadonites. Some mixed layer glauconite-smectites and celadonites were also examined and could be distinguished from true glauconites and celadonites by chemical analysis, XRD, and IR techniques. It is proposed that the terms ‘glauconite’ and ‘celadonite’ should be used only for those minerals containing less than 5% interlayering.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 42 , Issue 323 , September 1978 , pp. 373 - 382
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1978

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