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Fluorine-, yttrium- and lanthanide-rich cerianite-(Ce) from carbonatitic rocks of the Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosion craters, Gregory Rift, northern Tanzania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

A. N. Zaitsev ,
A. R. Chakhmouradian ,
O. I. Siidra ,
J. Spratt ,
C. T. Williams ,
C. J. Stanley ,
S. V. Petrov ,
S. N. Britvin  and
E. A. Polyakova
A. N. Zaitsev*
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Faculty of Geology, St Petersburg State University, University Emb., 7/9, St Petersburg 199034, Russia Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
A. R. Chakhmouradian
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
O. I. Siidra
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Geology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
J. Spratt
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
C. T. Williams
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
C. J. Stanley
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
S. V. Petrov
Affiliation:
Department of Mineral Deposits, Faculty of Geology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
S. N. Britvin
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Geology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
E. A. Polyakova
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Faculty of Geology, St Petersburg State University, University Emb., 7/9, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Cerianite-(Ce), ideally CeO2, occurs as rounded grains up to 5 μm across in a block of highly altered calcite carbonatite lava from the Kerimasi volcano, and as euhedral crystals up to 200 μm across in carbonatite-derived eluvial deposits in the Kisete and Loluni explosion craters in the Gregory Rift, northern Tanzania. X-ray powder diffraction data (a = 5.434(5) Å) and Raman spectroscopy (minor vibration modes at 184 and 571 cm—1 in addition to a strong signal at 449 cm—1) suggest the presence of essential amounts of large cations and oxygen vacancies in the Kisete material. Microprobe analyses reveal that the mineral contains both light and heavy trivalent rare earth elements (REE) (7.9-15.5 wt.% LREE2O3 and 4.9-9.7 wt.% HREE2O3), and that it is enriched in yttrium (7.1 — 14.5 wt.% Y2O3) and fluorine (2.2—3.5 wt.%). Single-crystal structure refinement of the mineral confirms a fluorite-type structure with a cation—anion distance of 2.3471(6) Å. The cerianite-(Ce) is considered to be a late-stage secondary mineral in the carbonatitic rocks.

Keywords

cerianite-(Ce)ceriaoxyfluoridecarbonatiteRaman spectroscopychemical compositionX-ray diffractioncrystal structureKerimasiKiseteLoluniTanzania
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 75 , Issue 6 , December 2011 , pp. 2813 - 2822
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2011

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