Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T06:28:27.713Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The shape of reflections on X-ray, single-crystal photographs (With Plates X and XI)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2018

Kathleen Lonsdale
Kathleen Lonsdale*
Affiliation:
Davy Faraday Laboratory, Royal Institution, London
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In the early days of X-ray crystallography the study of the atomic and molecular structure of crystals was of primary importance. It was more necessary to know the arrangement of the atoms in, say, rocksalt, quartz, diamond, or graphite, than to know the exact distances apart of the atoms, or the small deviations from the mean atomic structure which may result from heat movements, eccentricity of growth, mechanical distortion, and other factors.

Now, however, the range of problems is widening, and X-ray methods are being used as a research tool by many workers whose main interest is in other branches of science. It is necessary, therefore, to point out that the familiar Bragg law, nλ = 2d sin θ, which relates order of spectrum n, wave-length λ, crystal spacing d, and diffraction angle θ in an ideal crystal, though still of course applicable, must be applied with some caution to crystals which are not ideal in either structure or texture, and which may be of irregular or eccentric shape.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical magazine and journal of the Mineralogical Society , Volume 27 , Issue 190 , September 1945 , pp. 112 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1945

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

page 112 note 1 Krishnan, R. S., Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Sect. A, 1944, vol. 19, p. 298. [M.A. 9–108.]Google Scholar

page 112 note 2 Bradley, A. J. and Jay, A. H., Proc. Physical Soc., 1932, vol. 44, p. 563 [M.A. 5–305]; 1933. vol. 45, p. 507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar Jette, E. R. and Foote, F., Journ. Chem. Physics, 1935, vol. 3, p. 605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar Brindley, G. W. and Spiers, F. W., Proc. Physical Soc., 1938, vol. 50, p. 17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar Wilson, A. J. C. and. Lipson, H., ibid., 1941, vol. 53, p. 245.Google Scholar Taylor, A. and Sinclair, H., ibid., 1945, vol. 57, pp. 108, 126.Google Scholar

page 115 note 1 International tables for the determination of crystal structures. Berlin, 1935, vol. 2, p. 676. [M.A. 6–145.]

page 117 note 1 Ewald, P. P., Proc. Physical Soc., 1940, vol. 52, p. 167 [M.A. 8–133].CrossRefGoogle Scholar von Laue, M., Ann. Physik, 1936, ser. 5, vol. 26, p. 55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 119 note 1 Ewald, P. P. and Renninger, M., The solid state of matter. Internat. Conf. Physics, London, 1934, vol. 2, p. 57.Google Scholar

page 119 note 2 James, R.W., Zeits. Krist., 1934, vol. 89, p. 295. Summary of earlier work, with references.Google Scholar

page 119 note 3 Nishikawa, S., Sakisaka, Y., and Sumoto, I., Physical Rev., 1933, vol. 43, p. 363;CrossRefGoogle Scholar Colby, M.Y. and Harris, S., ibid., 1934, vol. 46, p. 445.Google Scholar Klauer, F., Physikal. Zeits., 1935, vol. 36, p. 208.Google Scholar

page 119 note 4 Orowan, E. and Pascoe, K. J., Nature, London, 1941, vol. 148, p. 467.Google Scholar Orowan, E., ibid., 1942, vol. 149, p. 643.Google Scholar Stokes, A. R. and Wilson, A. J. C., Proc. Physical Soc., 1944, vol. 56, p. 174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 119 note 5 Bernauer, F., Zeits. Krist., 1926, vol. 64, p. 505; Fortschr. Min. Krist. Petr., 1927, vol. 11, p. 293.Google Scholar Spencer, L.J., Curvature in crystals. Min. Mag., 1921, vol. 19, p. 263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 122 note 1 Bragg, W. H. and Bragg, W. L., The crystalline state. London, 1933, vol. 1, p. 202. [M.A. 5–385.]Google Scholar

page 122 note 2 Ubbelohde, A. R. and Woodward, I., Nature, London, 1945, vol. 155, p. 170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 123 note 1 Brindley, G. W., Proc. Physical Soc., 1940, vol. 52, p. 117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 123 note 2 Lonsdale, K., Reports on Progress in Physics (Physical Soc.), 1943, vol. 9 (for 1942–3), p. 256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 123 note 3 Lonsdale, K. and Smith, H., Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A, 1941, vol. 179, pp. 14–15. [M.A. 8–209.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 124 note 1 Bose, C. R., Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. India, 1944, vol. 10, p. 201.Google Scholar

page 124 note 2 X-ray analysis in industry. Nature, London, 1944, vol. 153, p. 534.Google Scholar

page 124 note 3 Guinier, A., Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1938, vol. 206, p. 1972; 1943, vol. 217, p. 22.Google Scholar Preston, G. D., Proc. Physical Soc., 1940, vol. 52, p. 77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar Daniel, V. and Lipson, H., Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A, 1943, vol. 181, p. 368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 124 note 4 Edwards, O. S. and Lipson, H., Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 1942, vol. 180, p. 268. [M.A. 8–284, 362.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar