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The age and composition of the Whin Sill and the related dikes of the north of England1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2018

Arthur Holmes  and
H. F. Harwood
Arthur Holmes
Affiliation:
The University, Durham
H. F. Harwood
Affiliation:
Imperial College, London
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Extract

The system of intrusive sheets in the Lower Carboniferous formations of the north of England, familiar to geologists throughout the world as the Great Whin Sill, has a voluminous early literature which it is unnecessary to summarize here. It will be sufficient to refer to the classical papers by Topley and Lebour on the field relationships (1) and by Teall on the detailed petrography (4), each of which contains an ample bibliography of the earlier literature. The most recent general account is by Prof. E. J. Garwood (9), who contributed a careful discussion of the evidence bearing on the period of intrusion.

Teall's great paper closely followed on one devoted to some of the dikes of the north of England (3), and in it he drew attention to the remarkable petrographical Similarity between the rocks of the Heft and High Green dikes and that of the Whin Sill (4, p. 656).

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical magazine and journal of the Mineralogical Society , Volume 21 , Issue 122 , September 1928 , pp. 493 - 542
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1928

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Footnotes

The chemical analyses and calculations of norms have been made by Dr. Harwood. The field work and petrological investigations have been carried out by Professor Holmes, who is also responsible for the writing of the paper.

References

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page 505 note 1 The parent rocks of III and IV are quartz-dolerites, like the Whin Sill, but of coarser grain.

page 505 note 2 B. Asklund. Sveriges Geol. Undersokning, 1925, Årsbok 17 (for 1923), no. 6 (- Ser. C, Avhand. och Uppsat., no. 325), p. 77 and (fig. 20, p. 78 and fig. 2).

page 507 note 1 Wyckoff, R. W. G., Merwin, H. E., and Washington, H. S., Amer. Journ. Sci., 1925, ser. 5, vol. 10, p. 393 Google Scholar. See also In this paper the results of chemical and X-ray analyses of an iron-rich hypersthene-augite from one of the Deccan plateau basalts.

page 508 note 1 Mem. Geol. Survey Scotland, Tertiary and post-Tertiary geology of Mull, 1924. Analysis V of Table III, p. 19, fig. 48 B, p. 283.

page 508 note 2 Ibid., Analysis I of Table IX, p. 34.

page 508 note 3 Ibid., pp. 28-29 and pp. 320 et seq.

page 508 note 4 Except for the Greenhead and Kirkwhelpington specimens which were measured at the Imperial College in 1921 (15, p. 449).

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page 512 note 1 More strictly this should be about An1Ab58Or41. See J. H. L. Vogt, The physical chemistry of the inngmatic differentiation of igneous rocks. II. On the Felspar Diagram Or : Ab :An. Skrifter Norske Vidensk. Akad. I. Mat.-nat. Kl., Oslo, 1926, no. 4, pp. 16-17.

page 512 note 2 The difference does not materially affect the plotted positions of the rocks in fig. 2.

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page 527 note 1 Quoted from 15, p. 449, where it is referred to as the Hett dike, Lunedale.

page 527 note 2 Average of three determinations (15, p. 449).

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page 532 note 3 The Yellow Sands of Durham and the Penrith Sandstone of the Eden Valley have as yet yielded (of the ore-minerals) only a little baryte, and no fluorite.

page 533 note 1 See map by Garwood, E. J., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, 1912, vol. 68, p. 586 Google Scholar, and reproduced by Gilligan (22, p. 18) ; and map by J. S. Turner (24).

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page 539 note 1 S. Bracewell, Report on the preliminary geological survey of the Potaro- Ireng district of British Guiana. Georgetown, Demerara, 1927, Combined Court, no. 21.

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page 540 note 2 See for recent accounts A. N. Lewis, Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania, 1927, for 1926, pp. 1-24 ; and 1928, for 1927, pp. 197-202.

page 540 note 3 H. A. Baker, Final report on geological investigations in the Falkland Islands (1920-1922), p. 26.

page 540 note 4 Prior, G. T., National Antarctic Expedition, 1907, vol. 1, p. 137 Google Scholar.

page 540 note 5 Stillwell, F. L., The metamorphic rocks of Adelie Land. Australian Antarctic Expedition, Sci. Bep. A, 1918, vol. 3, pt. i, pp. 41 and 183 respectivelyGoogle Scholar.

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page 543 note 1 See in particular, for recent analyses, Lacroix, A., La constitution lithologique des lies volcaniquea de la Polynesia australe. Mém. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1927, vol. 59 Google Scholar; and Daly, E. A., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., 1927, vol. 62, no. 2 Google Scholar.

page 542 note 1 Mull Memoir, 1924, p. 285, quoted from the definition of the type