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Marshite, Miersite, and Iodyrite from Broken Hill, New South Wales

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2018

L. J. Spencer
L. J. Spencer*
Affiliation:
Mineral Department of the British Museum
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Extract

Minerals containing iodine as an essential constituent are of rare occurrence in nature. The most common, and that first described, is silver iodide, which was analysed by Vauquelin in 1825; hexagonal crystals of iodyrite were described by Des Cloizeaux in 1854. Other iodides are marshite and the new mineral miersite ; iodobromite and schwartzembergite also contain considerable amounts of iodine. The existence of mercury iodide seems to be doubtful; the supposed mercury iodide from Broken Hill consists of an intimate mixture of cinnabar and iodyrite. Two iodates are also known, namely lautarite and dietzeite.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical magazine and journal of the Mineralogical Society , Volume 13 , Issue 59 , May 1901 , pp. 38 - 53
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1901

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References

Page 38 note 1 Silver iodide is extracted when the substance is digested with a solution of potassium iodide. See also Jaquet, J. B., “Geology of the Broken Hill Lode and Barrier Ranges Mineral Field, New South Wales,” Memoirs Geol. Survey, N.S.W., 1894, Geol. Ser. No. 5, p. 90 Google Scholar,

Page 38 note 2 Journal and Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales, for 1892 [1893], XXVI. 326 (Abstract Min. Mag. XI. 236). The Principal characters of the mineral were verified by Prof. A. Liversidge, who in an accompanying note (p. 328) proposed tile name mershite. A later brief description of the milmral is given by G. W. Card, Records Geol. Survey, N.S.W. 1895, IV, 131.

Page 38 note 3 Zeits. Kryst. Min. 1894, XXIV. 207.

Page 39 note 1 Ber. deutsch, chem. Ges. 1870, III. 123.

Page 39 note 2 The cerussite shows stellated groups with twin-plane m(110). A measured crystal was twinned on r(130), and agreed closely with Mügge's description of cerussite from Broken Hill (Neues Jahrb. Min. 1897, II, 78).

Page 39 note 3 The images were somewhat scattered.

Page 41 note 1 “Miereite, a cubic modification of native silver iodide.” By L. J. Spencer. Nature, 1898, LVII, 574. The minute crystals on one of the specimens there mentioned have since been shown to belong to type b of iodyrite (see p. 46 below).

Page 43 note 1 G. F. Rodwell has determined the sp. gr., melting points and coefficients of expansion and contraction of such mixtures, Proc. Roy. Soc. 1881, XXXIII, 143 ; Phil. Trans. 1883 (1882), CLXXIII, 1154, Plate 96; and Bellati, M. and Romanese, R., from their determinations of specific heat and heat of transformation, conclude that molecular compounds are formed by silver iodide and copper iodide. Proc. Roy. Soc. 1882, XXXIV, 104 ; Phil. Trans. 1883 (1882}, CLXXIII, 1169CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

Page 45 note 1 H. Schulze, Chemiker-Zeitung, 1892, XVI, 1952.

Page 45 note 2 Names of a similar construction are, however, frequently admitted into mineralogical nomenclature as species rather than as variety names, e.g. barytocalcite, cuprobismutite, galenobismutite, arsenopyrite, etc.

Page 45 note 3 Amer. Journ. Sci. 1854 [ii.] XVIII, p. 374; U.S. Naval Astronomical Expedition to the Southern Hemisphere (1849-52), Vol. II, 1855, p. 96.

Page 45 note 4 Annales des Mines, 1844, [iv], VI, p. 158.

Page 47 note 1 The indices are much simplified if g be taken as (100)= R; the twin-plane then becomes (110).

Page 47 note 2 F. A. Genth and G. vom Rath, Zeits. Kryst, Min., 1885, X, 473.

Page 47 note 3 Zeits. Kryst. Min. 1882, VI, 229,

Page 48 note 1 If f and g are present in the same zone [21̄1̄, 111] or [l01̄, 111] the angel fg1 = 16° or 15°301/2, according as the angles of Zepharbvich or of Seligmann are taken.

Page 48 note 2 A consideration of the fact that the c axis of iodyrite contracts with rise of temperature before the passage into the cubic modification takes place, suggests that Zepharovich's angles are the more accurate, since with increase in temperature they will gradually approach those of cubic crystals.

Page 48 note 3 Bull. Soc. Min. de France, 1881, IV, 61 : compare, however, R. Branns, Die optischen Anomalien der Krystalle, 1891, p. 333.

Page 48 note 4 Treatise on Crystallography, Cambridge, 1899, p. 478.

Page 49 note 1 H. F. Talhot, Phil. Mag. 1838, XII, 258.

Page 49 note 2 Fizeau (1867), Wernieke (1871), Rodwell (1874, 1876), Lehmann (1877), Bellati and Romanese (1882), Kohlrausch (1882), Mallard and Le Chatelier (1883-5), Schwarz (1892).

Page 50 note 1 An analysis and detailed description of this will be published later. The mineral from Chili was long ago described as cubic silver iodide, by Dufrénoy, A., Traité de Minéralogie, 2nd Edit., 1856, Vol. III, pp. 452, 460Google Scholar.

Page 51 note 1 Proc. Roy. Soc. 1874, XXIII, 108 ; Phil. Trans. 1883 (1882), CLXXIII, 1134.

Page 51 note 2 Zeits. Kryst. Min. 1885, X, 321 ; “Molekularphysik,” 1888, I, 792.

Page 51 note 3 Physik. Chemie d. Krysta]le, 1893, p. 321.

Page 51 note 4 Zeits. Kryst. Min. 1877, I, 492 ; “Molekularphysik,” 1888, I, 166

Page 51 note 5 Related kinds of groupings of the atoms of silver iodide in the rhombohedral and cubic modifications have been suggested by Prof. W. J. Sollas, Proc. Roy. Soe. 1898, LXIII, 289.

Page 51 note 6 Bull. Soc. Min. de France, 1882, V, 325 ; Ann. des Mines, 1876, [vii], X, 157.

Page 52 note 1 Neues Jahrb. Min. 1894, I, 1 ; 1897, II, 1 ; Zeits. physik. Chemie, 1895, XVI, 529.

Page 52 note 2 The cubic cleavage given by Breithaupt requires verification.

Page 58 note 1 Mentzel has found iodine in a cadmiferous zinc ore from Silesia. Ann. des Mines, 1829 [ii], V, 324 ; cf. Dana, System of Mineralogy, 6th Edit. 1892, p. 161.