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WEATHER AND THE ECOLOGY OF APANTELES FUMIFERANAE VIER. (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Vincent G. Nealis
Vincent G. Nealis*
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Cenre, P.O. Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
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Abstract

The effects of weather on the spruce budworm parasitoid, Apanteles fumiferanae Vier., are examined. A phenological model based on temperature-dependent rates of development and longevity is developed and validated with field data. The model is then used to explore the effects of age-specific mortality on phenological behaviour of the parasitoid and the seasonal synchrony between the parasitoid and its host over several years. The results show that the parasitoid adult ecloses well before the host reaches an age susceptible to parasitism but that the egg maturation period and the longevity of the parasitoid diminish the consequences of the apparent asynchrony. The historical data reveal that the relative phenological characteristics of A. fumiferanae and its host vary little from year to year. In the second part of the study, temperature is shown to have a strong effect on adult parasitoid activity and on the rate of oviposition.

Résumé

L'examen des effets de la température sur l'écologie d'Apanteles fumiferanae Vier., parasitoïde de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'Epinette, épouse une démarche axée sur les processus. Dans un premier temps, on construit un modèle phénologique fondé sur la vitesse de croissance et la longévité en fonction de la température, puis on le valide au moyen de données de terrain. Le modèle se révélant fidèle, on s'en sert pour explorer les effets de la mortalité propre à chaque catégorie d'âge sur la phénologie du parasitoïde et sur le synchronisme saisonnier qu'il établit, sur plusieurs années, avec son hôte. Les résultats montrent que, même si l'adulte du parasitoïde émerge bien avant l'apparition des classes d'âge qui lui sont vulnérables chez son hôte, sa longévité considérable et la période nécessaire à la maturation des oeufs lui permettent d'atténuer les conséquences de ce décalage apparent. L'analyse des antécédents révèle que la phénologie relative d'A. fumiferanae et de son hôte varie peu d'une année à l'autre. Dans la deuxième partie de l'étude, il est montré que la température influe fortement sur l'activité de l'adulte du parasitoïde et sur l'intensité de la ponte.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 120 , Supplement S146 , 1988 , pp. 57 - 70
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1988

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