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DIVERSITY OF SOIL ARTHROPODS IN CANADA: SYSTEMATIC AND ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier
Valerie M. Behan-Pelletier*
Affiliation:
Biological Resources Division, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Agriculture Canada Research Branch, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
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Abstract

Data on diversity are fundamental to our understanding of both natural and disturbed ecosystems. Yet, despite their real and potential importance, knowledge of the diversity of non-pterygote soil arthropods in Canada still is very incomplete. This is illustrated with information on diversity from nine non-pterygote arthropod taxa: Tardigrada, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla, Pauropoda, Protura, Collembola, Pseudoscorpionida, and Oribatida, and faunal lists are given for six of these taxa. Although valuable family and generic keys have been published recently, few monographic works or user-friendly keys to species are available. Autecological information essential to explaining the functional role of soil arthropods remains inadequate. Fortunately, the needs of other disciplines and issues are causing a change. For example, current ecological research recognizes that the roles of soil arthropods in decomposition, nutrient cycling, and soil formation are more complex than previously supposed, palaeoecologists require new or corroborating data to interpret their fossil assemblages, and issues such as agroecosystem management, environmental indicators, and global change require a more thorough knowledge of soil communities. Researchers in these areas face poor data on diversity based on inadequate systematics, which limit their understanding of the composition and organisation of soil arthropod communities. This inadequacy presents both a challenge and an opportunity to soil arthropod systematists and ecologists.

Résumé

Des données sur la diversité sont indispensables à notre compréhension des écosystèmes, aussi bien les écosystèmes intacts que les écosystèmes perturbés. Pourtant, en dépit de leur importance réelle et potentielle, la diversité des arthropodes non ptérygotes du sol est un phénomène encore bien mal connu au Canada. Cette affirmation est illustrée ici par des données sur neuf taxons d'arthropodes non ptérygotes, Tardigrades, Chilopodes, Diplopodes, Symphyles, Pauropodes, Protourcs, Collemboles, Pseudoscorpions et Oribates; des listes faunistiques sont présentées pour six de ces taxons. Bien que des clés très utiles des familles et des genres aient été publiées récemment, il existe peu de monographies ou de clés d'identification des espèces faciles à utiliser. L'information autoécologique essentielle à la compréhension du rôle fonctionnel des arthropodes du sol est encore bien fragmentaire. Heureusement, les besoins et les problèmes reliés à d'autres disciplines sont en train d'apporter des changements. Par exemple, la recherche écologique actuelle reconnaît que le rôle des arthropodes du sol dans la décomposition, le recyclage des éléments nutritifs et la formation du sol est plus complexe qu'on ne l'avait cru précédemment, les paléoécologistes ont besoin de nouvelles données ou de données complémentaires pour interpréter les associations de fossiles qu'ils rencontrent et les problèmes reliés à l'aménagement des agroécosystèmes, aux indicateurs biologiques et au changement global requièrent une connaissance plus grande des communautés du sol. Les chercheurs dans ces domaines doivent s'accommoder de données très fragmentaires sur la systématique, données basées sur une taxinomie peu connue, ce qui entrave leur compréhension de la composition et de l'organisation des communautés d'arthropodes du sol. Cette lacune représente un défi de taille aux systématiciens et écologistes des arthropodes. [Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 125 , Supplement S165 , 1993 , pp. 11 - 50
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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