Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-s22k5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-15T14:47:06.580Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

DESCRIPTION OF PARABROCHYMENA, NEW GENUS, AND REDEFINITION AND REVIEW OF BROCHYMENA AMYOT AND AUDINET-SERVILLE (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE), WITH CONSIDERATIONS ON NATURAL HISTORY, CHOROLOGICAL AFFINITIES, AND EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Marie-Claude Larivière
Get access

Abstract

From the endemic New World halyine genus Brochymena, two genera are recognized. New morphological characters at the generic level are described. Parabrochymena, new genus, with Pentatoma arborea Say as type species, is erected to contain 10 taxa formerly included in Brochymena. New combinations are Parabrochymena aculeata (Distant), P. apiculata (Van Duzee), P. arborea (Say), P. barberi barberi (Ruckes), P. barberi diluta (Blatchley), P. cuspidata (Distant), P. enigmatica (Ruckes), P. florida (Ruckes), P. haedula (Stål), and P. poeyi (Guérin-Méneville). Brochymena is redefined with 20 taxa: B. affinis Van Duzee, B. cariosa Stål, B. carolinensis (Westwood), B. chelonoides Ruckes, B. dilata Ruckes, B. exardentia Ruckes, B. hoppingi Van Duzee, B. humeralis Ruckes, B. laevigata Ruckes, B. lineata Ruckes, B. marginella Stål, B. myops Stål, B. parva Ruckes, B. punctata punctata Van Duzee, B. punctata pallida Blatchley, B. pilatei Van Duzee, B. quadripustulata (Fabricius), B. splendida Ruckes, B. sulcata Van Duzee, and B. tenebrosa Walker. Four synonymies are established: B. marginella Stål = B. carolinensis (Westwood); B. pilatei Van Duzee = B. sulcata Van Duzee; B. laevigata Ruckes = B. myops Stål; B. exardentia Ruckes = B. lineata Ruckes. Lectotypes are designated for B. affinis Van Duzee, B. cariosa Stål, B. myops Stål, B. punctata pallida Blatchley, and B. p. punctata Van Duzee. Species groups of Brochymena are characterized, and a key to all taxa is presented for the first time. As appropriate, for each species of Brochymena, the following are provided: citation of original description, synonymies, type material, diagnosis, description, geographical distribution, taxonomic comments, natural history, and illustrations of important structural characters. Chorological affinities are presented and systematic relationships are hypothesized.

Résumé

Du genre Brochymena, halyine endémique au Nouveau Monde, l'auteure reconnaît deux genres. De nouveaux caractères morphologiques sont présentés au niveau générique. On érige Parabrochymena nouveau genre, avec Pentatoma arborea Say comme espèce-type, pour contenir 10 taxons autrefois inclus dans Brochymena. Les nouvelles combinaisons sont Parabrochymena aculeata (Distant), P. apiculata (Van Duzee), P. arborea (Say), P. barberi barberi (Ruckes), P. barberi diluta (Blatchley), P. cuspidata (Distant), P. enigmatica (Ruckes), P. florida (Ruckes), P. haedula (Stål) et P. poeyi (Guérin-Méneville). L'auteure redéfinit le genre Brochymena avec 20 taxons : B. affinis Van Duzee, B. cariosa Stål, B. carolinensis (Westwood), B. chelonoides Ruckes, B. dilata Ruckes, B. exardentia Ruckes, B. hoppingi Van Duzee, B. humeralis Ruckes, B. laevigata Ruckes, B. lineata Ruckes, B. marginella Stål, B. myops Stål, B. parva Ruckes, B. punctata punctata Van Duzee, B. punctata pallida Blatchley, B. pilatei Van Duzee, B. quadripustulata (Fabricius), B. splendida Ruckes, B. sulcata Van Duzee et B. tenebrosa Walker. Elle établit quatre synonymies : B. marginella Stål = B. carolinensis (Westwood); B. pilatei Van Duzee = B. sulcata Van Duzee; B. laevigata Ruckes = B. myops Stål; B. exardentia Ruckes = B. lineata Ruckes. On désigne des lectotypes pour les espèces B. affinis Van Duzee, B. Cariosa Stål, B. myops Stål, B. punctata pallida Blatchley et B. p. punctata Van Duzee. Des groupes d'espèces sont caractérisés chez Brochymena et un tableau de détermination des taxons est offert. L'auteure fournit, selon l'espèce pour Brochymena, la citation de la description originale, la synonymie, la description du matériel-type, une diagnose, une description, la distribution géographique, des commentaires taxonomiques, des données d'histoire naturelle et l'illustration des caractères structuraux importants. Les affinités chorologiques et une hypothèse des relations systématiques sont présentées.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 124 , Supplement S163 , 1992 , pp. 3 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Afzal, M., and Ahmad, I.. 1981. A new genus and three new species of Halyini Stål (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 13: 63–71.Google Scholar
Ahmad, I., and Abbasi, Q.A.. 1974. A new genus and a new species of Halyini Stål (Heteroptera) from Pakistan with phylogenetic considerations. Journal of Science, University of Karachi 3: 60–65.Google Scholar
Amyot, C.J.B., and Audinet-Serville, J.G.. 1843. Histoire naturelle des Insectes Hémiptères. In “Suite à Buffon.” Fain et Thunot, Paris. 681 pp.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1985. Insects of eastern forests. U.S.D.A. Forest Service Miscellaneous Publications 1426: 576 pp.Google Scholar
Arnett, R.H. Jr., 1985. American Insects. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, NY. 850 pp.Google Scholar
Baker, W.L. 1972. Eastern forest insects. U.S.D.A. Forest Service Miscellaneous Publications 1175: 642 pp.Google Scholar
Barnett, W.W., Moorehead, G.W., Davis, C.S., Joos, J.L., Bearden, B.E., and Berlowitz, A.. 1976. True bugs cause severe pear damage. California Agriculture 30: 20–23.Google Scholar
Blatchley, W.S. 1895. Notes on the winter insect fauna of Vigo County Indiana — II. Psyche 7: 267–270.Google Scholar
Blatchley, W.S. 1926. Heteroptera or True Bugs of Eastern North America, with Especial Reference to the Faunas of Indiana and Florida. Nature Publishing Co., Indianapolis, IN. 1116 pp.Google Scholar
Brimley, C.S. 1938. The Insects of North Carolina, being a List of the Insects of North Carolina and their Close Relatives. North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Raleigh, NC. 560 pp.Google Scholar
Chandler, S.C. 1955. Biological studies of peach catfacing insects in Illinois. Journal of Economic Entomology 48: 473–475.Google Scholar
Cuda, J.P., and Mc, J.E.Pherson. 1976. Life history and laboratory rearing of Brochymena quadripustulata with descriptions of immature stages and additional notes on Brochymena arborea (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 69: 977–983.Google Scholar
Dallas, W.S. 1851. List of the Specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Pt. 1. Taylor and Francis Inc., London. 368 pp.Google Scholar
Dennys, A.A. 1927. Some notes on the hibernating habits of insects in dry tree in the interior of B.C. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 24: 19–25.Google Scholar
Distant, W.L. 1880–1893. Insecta. Rhynchota. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Volume I. In Goodman, and Salvin, (Eds.), Biologi Centrali-Americana. London. 462 pp. [1880: 1–88].Google Scholar
Distant, W.L. 1900. Contributions to a knowledge of the Rhynchota. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (1900), (Series 4): 665–697.Google Scholar
Distant, W.L. 1902. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota — Vol. I (Heteroptera). Taylor and Francis, London. 438 pp.Google Scholar
Dowdy, W.W. 1947. An ecological study of the Arthropoda of an oak–hickory forest with reference to stratification. Ecology 28: 418–439.Google Scholar
Edelson, J.V., and Hyche, L.L.. 1980. Insects associated with injury to deciduous tree seedlings growing in forest tree nurseries in Alabama. Journal of Economic Entomology 73: 698–701.Google Scholar
Eger, J.E. Jr., 1981. Oviposition site preferences and related aspects of parasitism of Brochymena spp. by Trichopepla plumipes in College Station, Texas. Environmental Entomology 10: 468–471.Google Scholar
Eger, J.E. Jr., and Ables, J.R.. 1981. Parasitism of Pentatomidae by Tachinidae in South Carolina and Texas. The Southwestern Entomologist 6: 28–33.Google Scholar
Eikenbary, R.D., and Raney, H.G.. 1968. Population trends of insect predators of the elm leaf beetle. Journal of Economic Entomology 61: 1336–1339.Google Scholar
Essig, E.O. 1926. Insects of Western North America. The Macmillan Co., New York, NY. 1035 pp.Google Scholar
Evans, H.E. 1966. The Comparative Ethology and Evolution of the Sand Wasps. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 526 pp.Google Scholar
Fabricius, J.E. 1775. Systema entomologiae, sistens insectoram classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsae, Korte. 832 pp.Google Scholar
Fabricius, J.E. 1803. Systema Rhyngotorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adjectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae. 314 pp.Google Scholar
Felt, E.P. 1906. Insects affecting park and woodland trees. New York State Museum, Albany, Memoir 8: 333–877.Google Scholar
Froeschner, R.C. 1941. Contributions to a Synopsis of the Hemiptera of Missouri. Pt. 1. Scutelleridae, Podopidae, Pentatomidae, Cydnidae, Thyreocoridae. The American Midland Naturalist 26: 122–146.Google Scholar
Froeschner, R.C. 1988. Family Pentatomidae Leach, 1815, The stink bugs. pp. 544–597in Henry, T.J., and Froeschner, R.C. (Eds.), Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs, of Canada and the Continental United States. E. J. Brill, Leiden, New York, Kbenhaven and Köln. 958 pp.Google Scholar
Furth, D.G. 1974. The stink bugs of Ohio (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey (New Series) 50: 1–60.Google Scholar
Gamboa, G., and Alcock, J.. 1973. The mating behavior of Brochymena quadrapustulata [sic] (Fabricius). Psyche 80: 265–270.Google Scholar
Ghauri, M.S.K. 1975. Juglapada a new genus of Halyini (Pentatomidae, Heteroptera). Journal of Natural History 9: 629–632.Google Scholar
Ghauri, M.S.K. 1977. Sarju anew genus of Halyini (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae) with new species. Turkiye Bitki Koruma Dergisi 1: 9–27.Google Scholar
Ghauri, M.S.K. 1978. Cahara — a new genus of Halyini (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) with new species on fruit and forest trees in the subhymalayan region. Journal of Natural History 12: 163–175.Google Scholar
Gross, G.F. 1975. Plant-feeding and other bugs (Hemiptera) of South Australia, Heteroptera — Part 1. Handbook of Flora and Fauna of South Australia. Netley, South Australia. 250 pp.Google Scholar
Guérin-Méneville, F.E. 1857. Ordre des Hémiptères, Latr. Première section. Hétéroptères, Latr. in Sagra's, M.R.Histoire physique, politique et naturelle de l'Ile de Cuba. Arthus Bertrand, Paris 7: 359–424.Google Scholar
Hart, C.A. 1907. On the biology of the sand areas of Illinois. Part I.I. Zoological studies in the sand regions of the Illinois and Mississippi River Valleys. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History 7: 195–272.Google Scholar
Hart, C.A. 1919. The Pentatomoidea of Illinois with keys to the nearctic genera. Division of Natural History Survey of Illinois 13(7): 155–223.Google Scholar
Herrich-Schaeffer, G.A.W. 1839. Die Wanzenartigen Insecten. C.H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nürnburg 4: 93–108.Google Scholar
Herrich-Schaeffer, G.A.W. 1840. Die Wanzenartigen Insecten. C.H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nürnburg 5: 61–108.Google Scholar
Herting, B., and Simmonds, F.J.. 1971. A Catalogue of Parasites and Predators of Terrestrial Arthropods. Section A. Host or prey/enemy. Volume 1. Arachnida to Heteroptera. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Farnham Royal, England. 129 pp.Google Scholar
Hoberlandt, L. 1959. Hemiptera–Heteroptera from Iran, II. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Prague 33: 1–523.Google Scholar
Howard, L.O. 1894. A new apple-tree enemy. Insect Life 7: 47–48.Google Scholar
Johnson, N.F. 1984. Revision of the nearctic species of the Trissolcus flavipes group (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 86: 797–807.Google Scholar
Jubb, G.L. Jr., Masteller, E.C., and Wheeler, A.G., Jr. 1979. Survey of arthropods in vineyards of Erie County, Pennsylvania: Hemiptera–Heteroptera. Environmental Entomology 8: 982–986.Google Scholar
Kirkaldy, G.W. 1909. Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) with Biological and Anatomical References, Lists of Foodplants and Parasites, etc. Part 1 Felix L. Dames, Berlin. 392 pp.Google Scholar
Knowlton, G.F. 1944. Pentatomidae eaten by Utah birds. Journal of Economic Entomology 37: 118–119.Google Scholar
Knowlton, G.F., Maddock, D.R., and Wood, S.L.. 1946. Insect food of the sagebrush swift. Journal of Economic Entomology 39: 382–383.Google Scholar
Krombein, K.V. 1955. Some notes on the wasps of Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina (Hym. Aculeata). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 57: 145–160.Google Scholar
Krombein, K.V. 1958. Biological notes on some wasps from Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, and additions to the faunal list (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 60: 97–110.Google Scholar
Krombein, K.V. 1959. Biological notes on some ground-nesting wasps at Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, 1958, and additions to the faunal list (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 61: 193–199.Google Scholar
La Rivers, I. 1946. Some food habits of Feronia ater Dejean (Coleoptera, Carabidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 22: 102.Google Scholar
Larochelle, A. 1984. Les punaises terrestres (Hétéroptères: Géocorises) du Québec. Fabreries, Supplément 3. 513 pp.Google Scholar
Larson, A.O., and Fisher, C.K.. 1930. Insects screened from bean samples (Hemip., Coleop., Orth., Hym., Dip.). Entomological News 41: 74–76.Google Scholar
Lugger, O. 1900. Bugs injurious to our cultivated plants. Minnesota Agricultural Experimental Station Bulletin 69: 1–259.Google Scholar
McDonald, F.J.D. 1966. The genitalia of North American Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Quaestiones Entomologicae 2: 7–150.Google Scholar
McPherson, J.E. 1975. A confirming report of the presence in southern Illinois of Brochymena cariosa (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Transactions of the Illinois Academy of Sciences 68: 438.Google Scholar
McPherson, J.E. 1980. The first record of the occurrence of Brochymena carolinensis in Missouri (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). The Great Lakes Entomologist 13: 168.Google Scholar
McPherson, J.E. 1982. The Pentatomidae (Hemiptera) of Northeastern North America with Emphasis on the Fauna of Illinois. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale and Edwardsville, IL. 240 pp.Google Scholar
McPherson, J.E., and Mohlenbrock, R.H.. 1976. A list of the Scutelleroidea of the La Rue-Pine Hills ecological area with notes on biology. The Great Lakes Entomologist 9: 125–169.Google Scholar
McPherson, J.E., and Weber, B.C.. 1980. Seasonal flight patterns of Hemiptera in a North Carolina Black Walnut plantation. 1. Pentatomoidea. The Great Lakes Entomologist 13: 177–183.Google Scholar
Nixon, P.L., and Mc, J.E.Pherson. 1977. An annotated list of phytophagous insects collected on immature black walnut trees in southern Illinois. The Great Lakes Entomologist 10: 211–222.Google Scholar
Nixon, P.L., McPherson, J.E., and Cuda, J.P.. 1975. A list of the Scutelleroidea (Hemiptera) collected on immature black walnut trees in Southern Illinois with some notes on biology. Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science 68: 409–413.Google Scholar
Olsen, C.E. 1912. Contribution to an annotated list of Long Island Insects. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 20: 48–58.Google Scholar
Pack, H.J., and Knowlton, G.F.. 1930. Notes on Utah Hemiptera. The Canadian Entomologist 62: 248–250.Google Scholar
Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.J.F. 1818. Insectes recueillis en Afrique et en Amérique dans les royaumes d'Oware et de Benin, à Saint-Dominique et dans les États-Unis, pendant les années 1786–1797. Paris. Part 11: 173–192.Google Scholar
Parshley, H.M. 1923. Family Pentatomidae. pp. 753–776in Britton, W.E. (Ed.), Guide to the Insects of Connecticut. Part IV. The Hemiptera or Sucking Insects of Connecticut. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Hartford, Bulletin 34: 1–807.Google Scholar
Phillips, J.H.H. 1951. A annotated list of Hemiptera inhabiting sour cherry orchards in the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario. The Canadian Entomologist 83: 194–205.Google Scholar
Provancher, L. 1872. Description de plusieurs Hémiptères nouveaux. Hétéroptères. Le Naturaliste canadien 4: 73–79, 103–108.Google Scholar
Rings, R.W. 1957. Types and seasonal incidence of stink bug injury to peaches. Journal of Economic Entomology 50: 599–604.Google Scholar
Rolston, L.H. 1981. Ochlerini, a new tribe in Discocephalinae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 89: 40–42.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, A.H. 1911. Insects and spiders in Spanish moss. Journal of Economic Entomology 4: 398–409.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1937. An annotated list of some pentatomids (Heteroptera) from New Mexico. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 32: 32–36.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1938 a. Courtship and copulation in Brochymena sulcata Van D. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 33: 89–90.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1938 b. Two new species of Brochymena (Pentatomidae, Heteroptera) from Arizona. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 33: 236–242.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1939 a. Three new species of Brochymena (Pentatomidae) from the United States and Mexico. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 34: 111–119.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1939 b. Brochymena florida, a new species of pentatomid from Florida. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 34: 236–239.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1940. Proceedings of the Society Meeting of March 16, 1939. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 35: 70–72.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1941. Notes on the feeding and habits of Brochymena carolinensis (West.) in Florida. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 36: 27–28.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1946. Brochymena obscura (H.-S.), Brochymena tenebrosa Walker, and Brochymena parva, a new name. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 41: 41–44.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1947. Notes and keys to the genus Brochymena (Pentatomidae, Heteroptera). Entomologica Americana 26 (New Series): 143–238 (1946).Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1957. New species of Pentatomidae from North and South America (Heteroptera) I. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 52: 16–24.Google Scholar
Ruckes, H. 1961. Three New World halyine pentatomids (Hemiptera; Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 68: 225–231 (1960).Google Scholar
Sanderson, E.D. 1903. Report of the entomologist. 14th Annual Report of the Delaware College Agriculture Experimental Station, 109–151.Google Scholar
Sanderson, E.D. 1906. The brown-tail moth in New Hampshire. New Hampshire Agriculture Experimental Station Bulletin 122: 105–132.Google Scholar
Say, T. 1825. Descriptions of new hemipterous insects collected in the expedition to the Rocky Mountains, performed by order of Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under command of Major Long. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 4: 307–345.Google Scholar
Schaefer, C.W. 1968. The homologies of the female genitalia in the Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera–Heteroptera). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 76: 87–91.Google Scholar
Schaefer, C.W. 1977. Genital capsule of the trichophoran male (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Geocorisae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 6: 277–301.Google Scholar
Schaefer, C.W. 1983. Host plants and morphology of the Piesmatidae and Podopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): Further notes. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 76: 134–137.Google Scholar
Schaefer, C.W. 1987. Cladistic analysis of the genera of Lestocorini (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 89: 444–447.Google Scholar
Schaefer, C.W., Dolling, W.R., and Tachikawa, S.. 1988. The shieldbug genus Parastrachia and its position within the Pentatomoidea (Insecta: Hemiptera). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 93: 283–311.Google Scholar
Scott, W.M., and Fiske, W.F.. 1902. Jarring for the Curculio on an extensive scale in Georgia, with a list of the insects caught. U.S.D.A. Division of Entomology Bulletin (New Series) 31: 24–36.Google Scholar
Shaw, E.L. 1930. Insects from Lactuca stems. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 38: 463–468.Google Scholar
Slingerland, M.V., and Crosby, C.R.. 1914. Manual of Fruit Insects. The Macmillan Co., New York, NY. 503 pp.Google Scholar
Snapp, O.I. 1947. Experiments in 1946 on the control of bugs that caused deformed peaches. Journal of Economic Entomology 40: 135–136.Google Scholar
Snapp, O.I. 1948. Control of sucking bugs that cause deformed peaches. Journal of Economic Entomology 41(4): 555–557.Google Scholar
Stål, C. 1862. Hemiptera Mexicana enumeravit species-que novas descripsit. Stettinger Entomologische Zeitung 23: 81–181.Google Scholar
Stål, C. 1872. Enumeratio Hemipterorum: Bidrag till en företeckning öfver alia hittills kända Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 10: 1–159.Google Scholar
Stoner, D. 1917. The Pentatomoidea of the Lake Okoboji region. Bulletin of the Laboratory of Natural History, University of Iowa 7: 39–47.Google Scholar
Stoner, D. 1920. The Scutelleroidea of Iowa. University of Iowa Studies in Natural History 8: 1–140.Google Scholar
Thompson, W.R., and Simmonds, F.I.. 1965. A Catalogue of the Parasites and Predators of Insect Pests. Section 4. Host Predator Catalogue. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Farnham Royal, England. 198 pp.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1905. A list of certain families of Hemiptera occurring within seventy miles of New York. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 13: 29–47.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1908. Hemiptera Heteroptera of Westchester County, N.Y. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 16: 223–238.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1909. Some recent work in Hemiptera. The Canadian Entomologist 41: 131–136.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1915. Heteroptera in beach drift. Entomological News 26: 274–279.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1926. Further records of Heteroptera from Massachusetts. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 21: 53–55.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1933. New records of Heteroptera from Arkansas. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 28: 228.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1939. A synopsis of the Hemiptera–Heteroptera of America north of Mexico. Part I. Famillies Scutelleridae, Cydnidae, Pentatomidae, Aradidae, Dysodiidae and Termitaphididae. Entomologica Americana (New Series) 19: 141–304.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la. 1945. Random notes on Heteroptera. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 40: 68.Google Scholar
Torre-Bueno, J.R. de la, and Brimley, C.S.. 1907. On some heteropterous Hemiptera from N. Carolina. Entomological News 18: 433–443.Google Scholar
Tucker, E.S. 1907. Some results of desultory collecting of insects in Kansas and Colorado. List of Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Kansas University Science Bulletin 4: 51–102.Google Scholar
Uhler, P.R. 1871. Notices of some Heteroptera in the collection of Dr. T.W. Harris. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 14: 93–109.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1894. A list of the Hemiptera of Buffalo and vicinity. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 5: 167–204.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1904. Annotated list of the Pentatomidae recorded from America north of Mexico, with descriptions of some new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 30: 1–80.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1909. Synonymical and descriptive notes on North American Heteroptera. The Canadian Entomologist 41: 369–375.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1916. Checklist of the Hemiptera (excepting the Aphididae, Aleurodidae and Coccidae) of America, North of Mexico. New York Entomological Society, New York, NY. 111 pp.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1917. Catalogue of the Hemiptera north of Mexico excepting the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae. University of California Publications, Technical Bulletins, Entomology 2: 1–902.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1918. New species of Hemiptera chiefly from California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Fourth Series 8: 271–308.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1921. Characters of some new species of North American hemipterous insects, with one new genus. Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, Fourth Series 11: 111–134.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1923. Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Gulf of California in 1921. The Hemiptera (true bugs, etc.). Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, Fourth Series 12: 123–200.Google Scholar
Van Duzee, E.P. 1934. A new Brochymena. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 10: 22.Google Scholar
Walker, R. 1867. Catalogue of the specimens of Heteropterous-Hemiptcra in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London 1: 1–240.Google Scholar
Walsh, B.D., and Riley, C.V.. 1869. Apple-tree bugs. American Entomologist July 1: 227.Google Scholar
Ward, C.R., O'Brien, C.W., Foster, D.E., and Huddleston, E.W.. 1977. Annotated checklist of New World insects associated with Prosopis (mesquite). U.S.D.A. Technical Bulletins 1557: 1–115.Google Scholar
Watrous, L.E., and Wheeler, Q.D.. 1981. The out-group comparison method of character analysis. Systematic Zoology 30: 1–11.Google Scholar
Westwood, J.O. 1837. A catalogue of Hemiptera in the collection of the Rev. F.W. Hope, with short Latin descriptions of new species. J. Bridgewater, London 1: 1–46.Google Scholar
Wiley, E.O. 1981. Phylogenetics: The Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics. J. Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. 439 pp.Google Scholar
Wirtner, P.M. 1904. A preliminary list of the Hemiptera of western Pennsylvania. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 3: 183–232.Google Scholar