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AQUATIC AND SEMIAQUATIC HEMIPTERA OF PEATLANDS AND MARSHES IN CANADA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G.G.E. Scudder
G.G.E. Scudder*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2A9
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Abstract

Thirteen families containing 138 species of aquatic and semiaquatic Hemiptera have so far been recorded from Canada. The identification of these presents few real difficulties and so the general occurrence of the taxa across the country is fairly well known. Although there has been no intensive study of the Hemipterous insects in peatlands and marshes, the 61 species so far reported from marshes, 32 from fens, and the 33 from bogs appear to be facultative rather than obligatory inhabitants of these habitats. All have been found in other habitats and probably most lentic species occur in marsh habitats. All aquatic and semiaquatic bugs are predators, and most overwinter as adults. Environmental–physiological study of species occurring in bogs has just begun, but evidence suggests that many species have the ability to regulate their internal milieu in water with pH below 4.6–4.7. However, further experiments are needed to determine the physiological limits of tolerance of these insects, the details of osmotic and ionic regulation, and acid–base balance in low-pH water. More collecting is needed in bogs, fens, and marshes, and the life cycle and biology of the Hemiptera occurring in peat-lands still require intensive study.

Résumé

On a jusqu'à maintenant rapporté au Canada 13 familles d'Hémiptères aquatiques comprenant 138 espèces. Leur identification comporte peu de difficultés réelles de sorte que la répartition des ces taxons à travers le pays est plutôt bien connue. Quoiqu'il y ait eu peu d'études intensives des hémiptères des tourbières et marécages, les 61 espèces déjà rapportées pour les marécages, 32 pour les tourbières minérotrophes, et 33 pour les tourbières ombrotrophes semblent être des habitants facultatifs plutôt qu'obligatoires de ces habitats. Toutes ont été rapportées dans d'autres habitats, et il est probable que toutes les espèces lentiques sont en fait présentes dans les marécages. Tous les hémiptères aquatiques et semi-aquatiques sont prédateurs, et la plupart hivernent à l'état adulte. L'étude écophysiologique des espèces des tourbières ombrotrophes vient tout juste de débuter, mais il apparaît déjà que plusieurs peuvent réguler leur milieu intérieur dans de l'eau dont le pH est sous les 4,6–4,7. Cependant, d'autres études doivent être entreprises pour déterminer les limites physiologiques de tolérance de ces insectes, les mécanismes de régulation osmotique et ionique, et l'équilibre acido–basique dans l'eau acide. On doit intensifier la collecte dans les tourbières ombrotrophes et minérotrophes et les marécages. Le cycle vital et la biologie des hémiptères des milieux humides doivent être étudiés de façon intensive.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 119 , Supplement S140 , 1987 , pp. 65 - 98
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1987

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