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GROUND-LIVING SPIDERS, OPILIONIDS, AND PSEUDOSCORPIONS OF PEATLANDS IN QUEBEC

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Seppo Koponen
Seppo Koponen*
Affiliation:
Centre d'études nordiques, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4
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Abstract

Peatlands were studied in temperate, boreal, subarctic, and arctic wetland regions of Quebec, mainly using pitfall traps. Altogether, 169 species of spiders, belonging to 14 families, were collected; 73 species were found only in the temperate-boreal region, 58 only in the subarctic-arctic region, and 38 in both regions. The most species-rich spider families were Linyphiidae (58.3% of all species), Lycosidae (12.4%), and Gnaphosidae (7.1%). Families occurring only, or mainly, in the temperate (and boreal) region were Hahniidae, Dictynidae, Salticidae, Liocranidae, and Theridiidae. Linyphiidae, especially Erigoninae, were typical of the subarctic region. Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck) and Pardosa hyperborea (Thorell) (Lycosidae), Theonoe stridula Crosby (Theridiidae), and Ceratinella brunnea Emerton (Linyphiidae) were found in six of the seven study areas. Seven of the eight opilionid species were found in the temperate region, but Mitopus morio (Fabricius) occurred only in the subarctic bogs. The only pseudoscorpion, Microbisium brunneum (Hagen), was caught in the temperate, boreal, and subarctic regions. The percentage of spiders collected in bogs of both Quebec and southern Ontario was 64% in the temperate region and only 27% in the subarctic region. Almost 50% of species from bogs in the Manitoba taiga were found also in Quebec. About a third of the Quebec bog spiders are Holarctic.

Résumé

Les tourbières ont été inventoriées dans les régions humides tempérée, boréale, subarctique et arctique du Québec, surtout au moyen de pièges à fosses. Au total, 169 espèces d’araignées appartenant à 14 familles ont été capturées, dont 73 ont été trouvées seulement dans la région tempérée-boréale, 58 seulement dans la région subarctique-arctique et 38 dans les deux régions. Les familles les mieux représentées étaient les Linyphiidae (58,3% de toutes les espèces), les Lycosidae (12,4%) et les Gnaphosidae (7,1%). Parmi les familles rencontrées seulement, ou surtout, dans la région tempérée (et boréale), il faut mentionner les Hahniidae, les Dictynidae, les Salticidae, les Liocranidae et les Theridiidae. Les Linyphiidae, surtout les Erigoninae, sont typiques de la région subarctique. Les espèces Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck) et Pardosa hyperborea (Thorell) (Lycosidae), Theonoe stridula Crosby (Theridiidae) et Ceratinella brunnea Emerton (Linyphiidae) ont été trouvées dans six des sept zones étudiées. Sept des huit espèces d’opilions rencontrées ont été récoltées dans la région tempérée, mais Mitopus morio (Fabricius) n’a été trouvé que dans les tourbières ombrotrophes subarctiques. Le seul pseudoscorpion recueilli, Microbisium brunneum (Hagen), a été capturé dans les régions tempérée, boréale et subarctique. Le pourcentage d’araignées capturées à la fois dans les tourbières du Québec et dans celles du sud de l’Ontario était de 64% dans la région tempérée et seulement de 27% dans la région subarctique. Près de 50% des espèces récoltées dans les tourbières de la taïga manitobaine ont été également trouvées au Québec. Environ un tiers des araignées des tourbières du Québec sont des espèces holarctiques. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 126 , Supplement S169 , 1994 , pp. 41 - 60
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1994

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Footnotes

1

This paper is dedicated to Professor Walter Hackman (Helsinki, Finland) on the occasion of his 75th birthday, October 1991. His study on Newfoundland spiders [Acta Zoologica Fennica79 (1954)] is one of the basic arachnological works of eastern Canada.

2

Current address: Zoological Museum, University of Turku, SF-20500 Turku, Finland.

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