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CONTROL OF GRASSHOPPERS, PARTICULARLY HIEROGLYPHUS DAGANENSIS, IN NORTHERN BENIN USING METARHIZIUM FLAVOVIRIDE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

C.J. Lomer ,
M.B. Thomas ,
O.-K. Douro-Kpindou ,
C. Gbongboui ,
I. Godonou ,
J. Langewald  and
P.A. Shah
C.J. Lomer
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
M.B. Thomas
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
O.-K. Douro-Kpindou
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
C. Gbongboui
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
I. Godonou
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
J. Langewald
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
P.A. Shah
Affiliation:
LUBILOSA (The IIBC/IITA/DFPV collaborative research programme on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Benin
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Abstract

Trials on the use of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Roszypal conidia in oil-based formulation for the control of grasshoppers, particularly Hieroglyphus daganensis Krauss, in Malanville, north Benin, are described. Preliminary work examined sprayer types, application rate, and time of application. In a trial on 4-ha plots with three replicates, M. flavoviride mycoinsecticide application to H. daganensis nymphs resulted in field population reductions of 70% after 14 days. In samples incubated in cages, mortality was higher in the samples taken 3 or 7 days after application than in the sample taken immediately after application, indicating the possibility of residual pick-up compared with direct spray impact in this environment. Significant mortality was still being observed in samples collected 37 days after application; to investigate this further, a method for bioassaying the spore load in the field was developed and used to monitor the spore load in the field. The possibility that the results indicate the occurrence of secondary infections resulting from horizontal transmission of M. flavoviride is discussed.

Résumé

Sont ici décrits des essais mis en place à Malanville, dans le nord du Bénin, en utilisant des conidies de Metarhizium flavoviride Gams et Roszypal en formulations huileuses pour combattre des criquets, en particulier Hieroglyphus daganensis Krauss. Des essais préliminaires ont étudier les types de pulvérisateur, les doses appliqués et le temps d'application. Dans un essai mis en place sur des parcelles de 4 ha avec trois répétitions, l'application du mycoinsecticide à base de M. flavoviride sur des larves de H. daganensis a entraîné la mort d'environ 70% de ces larves au bout de 14 jours en plein champ. Dans les échantillons d'insectes en cage, le taux de mortalité était plus élevé dans les échantillons prélevés 3 ou 7 jours après l'application que dans l'échantillon prélevé immédiatement après le traitement, ce qui indique l'importance de la contamination résiduelle par rapport à la contamination directe dans cet environnement. Le mortalité des criquets fut encore significatif 37 après application; une méthode d'évaluation biologique de la quantité de spores présente dans le champ a été conçue et utilisée pour surveiller les spores libérées par les insectes infectés. Cette technique a montré le possibilité des infections secondaires survenant à la suite d'une transmission horizontale de M. flavoviride.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 129 , Supplement S171 , 1997 , pp. 301 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

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Footnotes

1

Formerly at CABI International Institute of Biological Control, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, UK.

2

leverhulme Unit for Population Biology and Biological Control, NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, UK.

1

Current address: Institute of Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, LFV E14, ETH-ZENTRUM, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.

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