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CHARACTERIZATION AND VIRULENCE OF A BRAZILIAN ISOLATE OF METARHIZIUM FLAVOVIRIDE GAMS AND ROZSYPAL (HYPHOMYCETES)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

B.P. Magalhães ,
M. Faria ,
M.S. Tigano  and
B.W.S. Sobral
B.P. Magalhães
Affiliation:
Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Research Center, (CENARGEN/EMBRAPA) PO Box 0231210849-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
M. Faria
Affiliation:
Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Research Center, (CENARGEN/EMBRAPA) PO Box 0231210849-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
M.S. Tigano
Affiliation:
Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Research Center, (CENARGEN/EMBRAPA) PO Box 0231210849-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
B.W.S. Sobral
Affiliation:
California Institute of Biological Research (CIBR), 11099 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 300, La Jolla, California, USA 92037
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Abstract

A new isolate of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal (Hyphomycetes) (CG 423) found in Northeast Brazil infecting Schistocerca pallens (Thunberg) was identified using arbitrarily primed PCR. Cluster analysis of DNA markers revealed a high level of homogeneity (>83% similarity) among the Brazilian (CG 423) and two other M. flavoviride isolates from Nigeria (CG 366 = IMI 330189) and Australia (CG 291). However, M. flavoviride isolates were very distinct when compared with two isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (6.4% similarity). Bioassays showed that strain CG 423 is as virulent as other isolates of M. flavoviride (CG 291, CG 366), M. anisopliae (CG 087), and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (CG 425) against the grasshopper Rhammatocerus schistocercoides (Rehn) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), an important pest in Central Brazil. However, the Brazilian isolate of M. flavoviride (CG 423) is more virulent than the Brazilian isolate of B. bassiana (CG 250). Because conidia used in bioassays were formulated in soybean oil containing 5% kerosene, the effect of the kerosene present in the oil formulation was tested. Kerosene (0–10%) did not affect the virulence (P > 0.3) of M. flavoviride against R. schistocercoides. The native isolate of M. flavoviride (CG 423) is now being developed as a mycoinsecticide against grasshoppers in Brazil.

Résumé

Un nouvel isolat de Metarhizium flavoviride Gams et Rozsypal (Hyphomycètes) (CG 423), virulent contre Schistocerca pallens (Thunberg), a été identifié dans le nord-est du Brésil au moyen de la réaction en chaîne des polymérases déclenchée arbitrairement. Une analyse des groupements des marqueurs d'ADN a révélé l'existence d'une forte homogénéité (>83%) entre l'isolat brésilien (CG 423) et deux autres isolats de M. flavoviride provenant du Nigeria (CG 366 = IMI 330189) et d'Australie (CG 291). Cependant les isolats de M. flavoviride se sont avérés très distincts de deux isolats de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (6,4% de similarité). Des expériences ont démontré que le CG 423 est aussi virulent contre le criquet Rhammatocerus schistocercoides (Rehn) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), un important ravageur du centre du Brésil, que le CG 366, un agent bioinsecticide en cours de préparation contre les orthoptères d'Afrique. Les conidies utilisées au cours des expériences ont été mises en émulsion dans de l'huile de soja contenant 5% de kérosène. L'effet du kérosène contenu dans la préparation à l'huile a été étudié. Le kérosène (0–10%) n'affecte pas la virulence (P > 0,3) de M. flavoviride contre R. schistocercoides. L'isolat indigène de M. flavoviride (le CG 423) est en cours de raffinement pour être éventuellement utilisé comme mycoinsecticide contre les orthoptères du Brésil. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 129 , Supplement S171 , 1997 , pp. 313 - 321
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

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