The question is often asked, “What can a woman do if she has a degree in mathematics and does not wish to teach?” Thirty years ago this was a very real problem, but today no woman mathematician need fear that she will be unable to find suitable employment. Most of the careers mentioned in this article are ones which the writer’s own pupils have taken up (or given up!). It is hoped that this will be the first of a series of articles dealing with careers for boys and girls with a mathematical bent.