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Performance Effects of Internationalization: Contingency Theory Analysis of Russian Internationalized Firms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2020

Desislava Dikova  and
Anna Veselova
Desislava Dikova
Affiliation:
Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria
Anna Veselova*
Affiliation:
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russia Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University, Russia
*
Corresponding author: Anna Veselova ([email protected])
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Abstract

The relationship between internationalization and performance has attracted researchers’ attention for more than 40 years, producing contradictory results. Research on emerging-market (EM) multinationals’ performance has not added much clarity to the issue. Although contingency theory is widely applied in management research to explain superior organizational performance as a direct result of a ‘fit’ between structure, strategy, and environment, there has been little effort in extending the notion of strategy-structure-environment fit to include internationalization. We address this limitation by offering a comprehensive analysis of Russian internationalized firms’ performance, which reflects the complexity of strategic and structural changes that Russian firms make during internationalization. We use survey data on 213 predominantly private and mature firms to examine whether the alignment of a multitude of strategic and structural choices in a specific context matters for subsequent performance. We apply a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and find several distinct types of ‘fit’ that positively affect Russian internationalized firms’ performance.

摘要

摘要

国际化与业绩的关系在过去四十年吸引了学者们的注意力，这一领域存在相互矛盾的结果。关于新兴市场上跨国公司业绩的研究没有澄清这一矛盾。尽管权变理论被广泛地用于管理研究来解释卓越的组织业绩直接来自于结构、战略和环境的“适配”，学者们很少努力纳入国际化以拓展战略--结构--环境适配的理念。为了解决这一局限，我们全面地分析了俄罗斯国际化公司的业绩，反映出这些公司在国际化过程中做出战略和结构变革的复杂性。我们运用针对213家私营和成熟公司的调查数据，检验在特定情境下大量战略和结构选择之间的适配是否会影响到随后的业绩。我们采用了模糊集的定性比较分析(fsQCA) ，发现对俄罗斯国际化公司的业绩产生积极影响的几种不同类别的“适配”。

Аннотация

АННОТАЦИЯ

Изучение влияния интернационализации на производительность привлекало внимание исследователей на протяжении более 40 лет и приводило к противоречивым результатам. Исследования деятельности транснациональных корпораций из развивающихся стран не внесли особой ясности в этот вопрос. Хотя теория непредсказуемости широко применяется в исследованиях в области управления для того, чтобы объяснять превосходные организационные показатели как прямое следствие «соответствия» между структурой, стратегией и окружающей средой, недостаточно усилий было приложено для расширения понятия «соответствия» между стратегией-структурой-средой с тем, чтобы оно также включало интернационализацию. Мы устраняем это ограничение, предлагая всесторонний анализ результатов деятельности российских международных компаний, который отражает сложность стратегических и структурных изменений, которые российские компании производят в ходе интернационализации. Мы используем данные опроса из 213 преимущественно частных успешных компаний для того, чтобы выяснить, имеет ли значение согласование множества стратегических и структурных решений в конкретном контексте для последующей деятельности. Мы применяем качественный сравнительный анализ нечетких данных (fsQCA) и находим несколько различных типов «соответствия», которые положительно влияют на результаты деятельности российских международных компаний.

Resumen

RESUMEN

La relación entre internacionalización y desempeño ha atraído la atención de los investigadores durante más de 40 años, produciendo resultados contradictorios. La investigación sobre el desempeño de las multinacionales de los mercados emergentes (EM por sus iniciales en inglés) no ha agregado mucha claridad al tema. Aunque la teoría de la contingencia empresarial se aplica ampliamente en la investigación de gestión para explicar el desempeño organizacional superior como resultado directo de un "ajuste" entre la estructura, la estrategia y el entorno, ha habido poco esfuerzo en ampliar la noción de estrategia-estructura-entorno adecuado para incluir la internacionalización. Abordamos esta limitación ofreciendo un análisis exhaustivo del desempeño de las empresas internacionalizadas rusas que refleja la complejidad de los cambios estratégicos y estructurales que las empresas rusas hacen durante la internacionalización. Utilizamos datos de encuestas sobre 213 empresas predominantemente privadas y maduras para examinar si la alineación de una multitud de opciones estratégicas y estructurales en un contexto específico es importante para el desempeño ulterior. Aplicamos un análisis comparativo cualitativo de conjuntos difusos (fsQCA por sus iniciales en inglés) y encontramos varios tipos distintos de "ajuste" que afectan positivamente el desempeño de las empresas internacionalizadas rusas.

Keywords

contingency theoryfitfsQCAinternationalizationperformance权变理论适配模糊集的定性比较分析(fsQCA)国际化业绩теория непредсказуемостисоответствиекачественный сравнительный анализ нечетких данных (fsQCA)интернационализацияпроизводительностьteoría de contingenciaajusteanálisis comparativo cualitativo de conjuntos difusosinternacionalizacióndesempeño
Type
Article
Information
Management and Organization Review , Volume 17 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 173 - 197
Copyright
Copyright © 2020 The International Association for Chinese Management Research

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Footnotes

ACCEPTED BY Senior Editor Maral Muratbekova-Touron

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