Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T09:35:31.988Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Building Organizations as Communities: A Multicase Study of Community Institutional Logic at Chinese Firms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2022

Yi Hubert Han*
Affiliation:
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, China
Jingjing Yao
Affiliation:
IESEG School of Management, France
*
Corresponding author: Yi Hubert Han ([email protected])

Abstract

The fact that many Chinese business organizations incorporate social function units into their structures as well as social services into their practice has surprisingly received insufficient attention in organization studies. To theorize an organizational model that resembles community building in many aspects, we conduct case studies on this phenomenon and explain it from a new perspective, focusing on community arrangement within organizations. Our study draws on theoretical insights from institutional logic perspectives and builds a new conceptual schema through which to view organizations as communities. In our case studies of five firms in four cities, we find that, despite changes in the larger society, these Chinese firms built and maintained a model for organizations that communities can be embedded in organizations of various scales and in various industries. This community model of organizations offers new theoretical insights into organizations more broadly and has practical implications for improving the quality of employees’ work life.

摘要

很多中国企业在其组织结构中设置了一些社会功能单元并提供社会服务或者社区服务,这种现象让许多本土的研究者习以为常,以至于忽视了对其做深入的研究,更遑论理论化的努力。在本文中,我们报告我们所做的一项多案例研究的过程和结果,来探讨为什么在组织中会有社区式的安排和设施这种现象。我们在研究过程中和制度逻辑理论的学者对话,提出社区型组织的概念,通过数据结构建立机制模型,并做出初步的理论化努力。通过对四个中国城市中的五个公司进行的深入研究,我们发现一些中国公司建立和保持了一种特殊的组织模型:把社区嵌入到组织内部之中。这种组织模型可以提供人性化组织建设的一个理论基础,也可以在实际中改善组织中员工的工作和生活质量。

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The International Association for Chinese Management Research

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

ACCEPTED BY Senior Editor Yipeng Liu and Editor-in-Chief Arie Y. Lewin

This article has been updated since its initial publication. For details, see DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/mor.2022.22

References

REFERENCES

Almandoz, J., Marquis, C., & Cheely, M. 2017. Drivers of community strength: An institutional logics perspective on geographical and affiliation-based communities. In Greenwood, R., Oliver, C., Sahlin, K., & Suddaby, R. (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of organizational institutionalism: 190213. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alvesson, M. 2003. Beyond neopositivists, romantics, and localists: A reflexive approach to interviews in organizational research. Academy of Management Review, 28(1): 1333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bansal, P., Smith, W., & Vaara, E. 2018. New ways of seeing through qualitative research. Academy of Management Journal, 61(4): 11891195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bartley, T. 2007. Institutional emergence in an era of globalization: The rise of transnational private regulation of labor and environmental conditions. American Journal of Sociology, 113(2): 297351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boisot, M., & Child, J. 1988. The iron law of fiefs: Bureaucratic failure and the problem of governance in the Chinese economic reform. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(4): 507527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boisot, M., & Child, J. 1996. From fiefs to clans and network capitalism: Explaining China's emerging economic order. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(4): 600628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boisot, M., & Child, J. 2018. The institutional nature of China's emerging economic order. In Brown, D. H. & Porter, R. (Eds.), Management issues in China: Domestic enterprises: 3560. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bray, D. 2005. Social space and governance in urban China: The danwei system from origins to reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charmaz, K. 2006. Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Charmaz, K. 2008. Grounded theory as an emergent method. In Hesse-Biber, S. & Leavy, P. (Eds.), Handbook of emergent methods: 155170. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Corbin, J. M., & Strauss, A. L. 2015. Basics of Qualitative Research Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Devinney, T. M. 2011. Social responsibility, global strategy, the multinational enterprise: Global monitory democracy and the meaning of place and space. Global Strategy Journal, 1(3–4): 329344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Djelic, M.-L., & Quack, S. 2010. Transnational communities: Shaping global economic governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durkheim, E. 2013. The rules of sociological method and selected texts on sociology and its method, 2nd ed. London: Palgrave MacMillan.Google Scholar
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, Y. M. 2007. Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 59(4): 11131123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenhardt, K. M., Graebner, Y. M., & Sonenshein, S. 2016. Grand challenges and inductive methods: Rigor without rigor mortis. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1): 2532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flick, U. 2019. From intuition to reflexive construction: Research design and triangulation in grounded theory research. In Bryant, A. & Charmaz, K. (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of current developments in grounded theory: 125144. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Frazier, M. W. 2002. The making of the Chinese industrial workplace: State, revolution, and labor management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedland, R., & Alford, R. R. 1991. Bringing society back in: Symbols, practices and institutional contradictions. In Powell, W. W. & DiMaggio, P. J. (Eds.), The new institutionalism in organizational analysis: 232262. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Galaskiewicz, J. 1991. Making corporate actors accountable: Institution-building in Minneapolis–St. Paul. In Powell, W. W. & DiMaggio, P. J. (Eds.), The new institutionalism in organizational analysis: 293310. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Galaskiewicz, J. 1997. An urban grants economy revisited: Corporate charitable contributions in the Twin Cities, 1979–81, 1987–89. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(3): 293310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galaskiewicz, J., & Krohn, K. R. 1984. Positions, roles, and dependencies in a community interorganization system. Sociological Quarterly, 25(4): 527550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. 2013. Seeking qualitative rigor in inductive research: Notes on the Gioia methodology. Organizational Research Methods, 16(1): 1531.Google Scholar
Granovetter, M. 1985. Economic action and social structure: The problem of embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91(3): 481510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, A., Briscoe, F., & Hambrick, D. 2017. Red, blue, and purple firms: Organizational political ideology and corporate social responsibility. Strategic Management Journal, 38(5): 10181040.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guthrie, D. 1999. Dragon in a three-piece suit: The emergence of capitalism in China. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Han, Y., & Zheng, E. 2016. Why firms perform differently in corporate social responsibility? Firm ownership and the persistence of organizational imprints. Management and Organization Review, 12(3): 605629.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heckscher, C., & Adler, P. S. 2006. The firm as a collaborative community: The reconstruction of trust in the knowledge economy. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. 1959. The motivation to work. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Hillery, G. A. 1955. Definitions of community: Areas of agreement. Rural Sociology, 20(2): 111123.Google Scholar
Janowitz, M. 1978. The last half-century: Societal change and politics in America. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Janowitz, M., & Abbott, A. 2010. Societal change and politics: 1920-1976. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kish-Gephart, J., & Campbell, J. 2015. You don't forget your roots: The influence of CEO social class background on strategic risk taking. Academy of Management Journal, 58(6): 16141636.Google Scholar
Lee, C. K. 2000. The revenge of history: Collective memories and labor protests in northeastern China. Ethnography, 1(2): 217237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, C. K. 2007. Against the law: Labor protests in China's rustbelt and sunbelt. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Lee, P., & Lounsbury, M. 2015. Filtering institutional logics: Community logic variation and differential responses to the institutional complexity of toxic waste. Organization Science, 26(3): 847866.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, J. Y., Cai, F., & Li, Z. 1998. Competition, policy burdens, and state-owned enterprise reform. American Economic Review, 88(2): 422427.Google Scholar
Ling, Z. 2005. Lian xiang feng yun (Lenovo's vicissitudes). Beijing: China Citic Press.Google Scholar
Locke, R. M., Qin, F., & Brause, A. 2007. Does monitoring improve labor standards? Lessons from Nike. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 61(1): 331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lounsbury, M. 2007. A tale of two cities: Competing logics and practice variation in the professionalizing of mutual funds. Academy of Management Journal, 50(2): 289307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, F. 1989. Danwei: A special social organizational form. Social Sciences in China, 71(1): 7188.Google Scholar
Marquis, C. 2003. The pressure of the past: Network imprinting in intercorporate communities. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48(4): 655689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquis, C., & Battilana, J. 2009. Acting globally but thinking locally? The enduring influence of local communities on organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 29: 283302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquis, C., Glynn, M. A., & Davis, G. F. 2007. Community isomorphism and corporate social action. Academy of Management Review, 32(3): 925945: DOI:10.5465/amr.2007.25275683.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquis, C., Lounsbury, M., & Greenwood, R. 2011. Introduction: Community as an institutional order and a type of organizing. In Marquis, C., Lounsbury, M., & Greenwood, R. (Eds.), Communities and organizations, vol. 33: ixxxvii. Bingley, UK: Emerald.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquis, C., & Qiao, K. 2018. Waking from Mao's dream: Communist ideological imprinting and the internationalization of entrepreneurial ventures in China. Administrative Science Quarterly, 65(3): 795830.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marquis, C., & Tilcsik, A. 2016. Institutional equivalence: How industry and community peers influence corporate philanthropy. Organization Science, 27(5): 13251341.Google Scholar
Matten, D., & Moon, J. 2008. ‘Implicit’ and ‘explicit’ CSR: A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review, 33(2): 404424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matten, D., & Moon, J. 2020. Reflections on the 2018 decade award: The meaning and dynamics of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review, 45(1): 728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mintzberg, H. 2009. Rebuilding companies as communities. Harvard Business Review, 87(7/8): 140143.Google Scholar
O'Mahony, S., & Ferraro, F. 2007. The emergence of governance in an open source community. Academy of Management Journal, 50(5): 10791106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouchi, W. G. 1980. Markets, bureaucracies, and clans. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25(1): 129141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perrow, C. 1991. A society of organizations. Theory and Society, 20(6): 725762.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfeffer, J. 2006. Working alone: What happened to the idea of organizations as communities? In Lawler III, E. E. & O'Toole, J. (Eds.), America at work: 322. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. R. 1978. The external control of organizations: A resource dependence perspective. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Plakoyiannaki, E., Wei, T., & Prashantham, S. 2019. Rethinking qualitative scholarship in emerging markets: Researching, theorizing, and reporting. Management and Organization Review, 15(2): 217234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ragin, C. C., & Amoroso, L. M. 2018. Constructing social research: The unity and diversity of method, 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Raynard, M., Lounsbury, M., & Greenwood, R. 2012. Legacies of logics: Sources of community variation in CSR implementation in China. Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 39: 243276.Google Scholar
Samuelson, R. 1993. RIP: The good corporation. Newsweek. [Accessed 7 April 2019]. Available from URL: https://www.newsweek.com/rip-good-corporation-194642.Google Scholar
Saunders, M. N., & Townsend, K. 2018. Choosing participants. In Cassell, C., Cunliffe, A. L., & Grandy, G. (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative business and management research methods: 480494. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Simsek, Z., Fox, B., & Heavey, C. 2015. What's past is prologue: A framework, review, and future directions for organizational research on imprinting. Journal of Management, 41(1): 288317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinfeld, E. S. 1998. Forging reform in China: The fate of state-owned industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thornton, P. H., Ocasio, W., & Lounsbury, M. 2012. The institutional logics perspective: A new approach to culture, structure and process. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tönnies, F. 2001. Community and civil society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Maanen, J. 1979. The fact of fiction in organizational ethnography. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4): 539550.Google Scholar
Walder, A. G. 1986. Communist neo-traditionalism: Work and authority in Chinese industry. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Weick, K. E. 1976. Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20(1): 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yin, R. K. 2018. Case study research: Design and methods, 6th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Yu, B. B., & Egri, C. P. 2005. Human resource management practices and affective organizational commitment: A comparison of Chinese employees in a state-owned enterprise and a joint venture. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 43(3): 332360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, J., & Luo, X. R. 2013. Dared to care: Organizational vulnerability, institutional logics, and MNCs’ social responsiveness in emerging markets. Organization Science, 24(6): 17421764.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Z., & Zhang, J. 2010. Understanding Chinese firms from multiple perspectives. Beijing: Peking University Press. [in Chinese].Google Scholar