Three books have emerged from France-one already courageously translated into English, the second in process of translation, and the third inviting such a process-which between them mark the path of man from the depths of automatism to the heights of freedom. The flash title of the Etudes Carmélitaines—'du Robot au Martyr'— gives a fair indication of the theme treated in diverse ways by all the many contributors to the three volumes.

We live in a Robot age in so many directions that the modern moralist is confronted with a vast set of problems of conditioned, mechanical human actions with which he has hardly begun to grapple. How is he to judge of the culpability or the praiseworthiness of actions that are largely conditioned by interior, psychological or external, social compulsion? The widespread, unnatural and solitary vice among the young may be judged objectively as a serious sin.