Clathroporina Müll. Arg. (1882), a genus of muriform-spored, pyrenocarpous lichens, is considered to be synonymous with Porina Müll. Arg. nom. cons. (1883). In order to avoid nomenclatural chaos, a proposal should be made to add it to the list of rejected names for Porina. Meanwhile, the following species are recognized: C. biroi Szatala, C. eminentior (NyL) Müll. Arg., C. exocha (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. and C. nuculastrum Müll. Arg. The following new combinations are effected: Aspidothelium cuyabense (Malme) P. M. McCarthy (Thelenella cuyabensis Malme), C. eminentior f. sorediifera (Müll. Arg.) P. M. McCarthy (C. desquamans f. sorediifera Müll. Arg), Laurera straminea (Malme) P. M. McCarthy (T. straminea Malme) and P. tahitensis (Räsänen) P. M. McCarthy (T. tahitensis Räsänen). The name P. farinose Knight is available for C. farinose (Knight) Müll. Arg. and P. grandispora sp. nov. is described from SE China. Fifteen species of Clathroporina and Thelenella sect. Clathroporina are referred to genera outside the Trichotheliaceae.

The new genus Tania Egea, Torrente & Sipman (Arthoniales) with T. lanosa as type species is described from Malaysia. Sagenidiopsis formerly treated as a genus of incertae sedis is included in the order Arthoniales, and the new combination Sagenidiopsis undulatum (Fée) Egea, Tehler, Torrente & Sipman is made. A key to the genera with byssoid thalli in the order Arthoniales is given.

Vegetative diaspores of Lobaria pulmonaria were transplanted to previously uncolonized trees. The early development of the corticated but otherwise non-stratified isidioid soredia was studied mainly by low-temperature scanning electron microscopy. Anchoring hyphae developed from cortical hyphae after 2–4 months and later apical or lateral pseudomeristematic growth zones were formed. After 15 months the growth zones further differentiated into 0·5-mm-broad lobes and revealed a stratified thallus typical for this foliose epiphytic lichen species. The experiment showed that the small population size of L. pulmonaria was limited by the low reproductive potential of the species and that it might fail to compensate for a relatively high disturbance, natural or anthropogenic, in the stand.

Samples of Hypogymnia physodes were transplanted to the environment of the former uranium mine at Žirovski vrh, Slovenia for two exposure experiments. The levels of the long-lived radionuclides, 238U, 226Ra and 210Pb in lichen material were measured after 4 and 7 months in the first experiment, and 4, 8 and 12 months in the second, and compared with the levels in lichens growing in-situ from the same sampling locations. They were also compared with the nuclide levels found in air particulates by gamma spectrometry obtained at the regular site monitoring stations. The results showed that each of the radionuclides had its own distribution pattern in this environment. The highest 226Ra levels were found in lichens in the near vicinity of the dry-tailings pile, while U concentrations were high in the valley of the confluence of the Todraščica and Brebovščica streams close to the former yellow-cake production plant in Todraž, and then decreased downstream. 210Pb was the most uniformly distributed radionuclide and exhibited the highest level. The results also confirm that active biomonitoring with transplanted lichens can be a useful and cheap supplement to instrumental air pollution monitoring.

The standing crop of the epilithic foliose lichen Mastodia tesselata and some other species, the nutrient status (chloride, phosphate, nitrate and ammonium) of the substratum, slope and moisture availability were studied in 29 sample plots on Petermann Island (65°10'S, 66°30'W), Antarctica. The observed standing crop values for Mastodia ranged from 49 to 614 g m 2, with an average of 310 g m 2 (17 sample plots), and were 542 g m−2 for Rinodina petermannii (one sample plot) and 314 g m−2 for the alga Prasiola crispa in two meltwater pools. A regression equation with log-transformed ammonium and phosphate concentrations as predictors explained 75% of the observed variance in Mastodia standing crop. No significant influence of chloride or nitrate concentration on the Mastodia standing crop was detected, indicating that Mastodia is a salt-tolerant lichen species, but is not an obligate halophyte. The maximal standing crop of Mastodia on Petermann Island proved to be lower than maximal values found for fruticose macrolichen vegetation in maritime and continental Antarctic. The Mastodia standing crop on Petermann Island was similar to the standing crop of this species on subantarctic Marion Island.