See generally Hospital Corporate Negligence §1, in Horty, J.F., Hospital Law (Action Kit far Hospital Law, Pittsburgh, Penna.) (1978–1981); Zaremski, H.J. Spitz, M., Liability of a Hospital as an Institution: Are the Walls of Jericho Tumbling? Forum 16 (2): 225 (Fall 1980).Google Scholar

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See Medical Slenderizing, Inc. v. State, 579 S.W.2d 569 (Tex. Civ. App. 1979) (weight reduction clinic held liable for violation of an injunction after an employee made misrepresentations that were forbidden by a newly-issued personnel manual).Google Scholar

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Id. comment a.Google Scholar

Sokolow v. City of Hope, 262 P.2d 841 (Cal. 1953).Google Scholar

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The defense of privilege may be recognized when the defendant has acted to further an interest of such importance to society that social policy will best be served by permitting the act, at the expense of damage to the plaintiff. Prosser, supra note 5, at 98.Google Scholar

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See Note, Respondeat Superior and the Intentional Tort: A Short Discourse on How to Make Assault and Battery a Part of the Job, University of Cincinnati Law Review 45(2): 235, 241–43 (1976).Google Scholar

See generally 53 Am. Jur. 2d Master and Servant §438 (1970); Wellman v. Pacer Oil Co., 504 S.W.2d 55 (Mo. 1973), cert. denied, 416 U.S. 961 (1974); Howard v. Zaney Bar, 85 A.2d 401 (Pa. 1952).Google Scholar

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The California courts and the Second Circuit have adopted a foreseeability test in this area which appears to use “arising out of the employment”as grounds for employee liability. Under such a test, the employer is more likely to be liable for an employee's intentional torts than under the “scope of employment”rule. See Fields v. Sanders, 180 P.2d 684, 690 (Cal. 1947) (driver of oil truck collided with plaintiff; after quarrel, driver hit plaintiff with wrench; employer held liable); Ira S. Rushey & Sons, Inc. v. United States, 398 F.2d 167 (2d Cir. 1968) (conduct of intoxicated seaman in sinking drydock held foreseeable).Google Scholar

See, e.g., Harrison v. Piedmont Hosp., 274 S.E.2d 72 (Ga. App. 1980); Elam v. College Park Hosp., 183 Cal. Rptr. 156 (Cal. App. 1982); Johnson v. Misericordia Comm. Hosp., 301 N.W.2d 156 (Wis. 1981); Robinson v. Duszynski, 243 S.E.2d 148 (N.C. App. 1978).Google Scholar

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Id. comment c.Google Scholar

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Annot., 51 A.L.R.3d 981, 984 (1973).Google Scholar

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