Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T09:18:06.318Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Voice of the Petitioner: The Experiences of Gay and Lesbian Parents in Successful Second-Parent Adoption Proceedings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Gays and lesbians have recently turned to the courts and the law for recognition of their families. Some of the most successful cases are those won by a gay or lesbian “second-parent” of a child whose biological or legally adoptive parent is his or her partner. The court opinions granting these second-parent adoptions have often portrayed these petitioners as similar to an idealized heterosexual family unit, albeit with two same-sex parents. In this study, 20 parents who successfully pursued a second-parent adoption were interviewed to examine their experiences with the legal system. Results indicate that these petitioners did not envision themselves as similar to heterosexual families and resisted attempts by state actors who tried to formulate them as such. The literature on legal consciousness and pragmatism is used to analyze the respondents' experiences.

Type
Papers of General Interest
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 Law and Society Association.

Footnotes

A version of this article was presented at the Law and Society Association's Annual Meeting, May 1997, St. Louis, Missouri. I thank Lois Berry for useful comments. Recent drafts of this manuscript received valuable comments from the participants at the University of Wyoming, Women's Studies brown bag lunch series, Dec. 2000.

References

References

Allen, Katherine, & Demo, David (1995) “The Families of Lesbians and Gay Men: A New Frontier in Family Research,” 57 J. of Marriage & the Family 111–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, Gary (1991). A Treatise on the Family, 2nd Ed. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bower, Lisa C. (1994) “Queer Acts and the Politics of ‘Direct Address’: Rethinking, Law, Culture, and Community,” 28 Law & Society Rev. 1009–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bozett, Frederick (1987) Gay and Lesbian Parents. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Connolly, Catherine (1996) “An Analysis of Judicial Opinion in Same-Sex Visitation and Adoption Cases,” 14 Behavioral Sciences & the Law 187204.3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connolly, Catherine (1998) “The Description of Gay and Lesbian Families in Second-Parent Adoption Cases,” 16 Behavioral Sciences & the Law 225–36.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Connolly, Catherine (2002) “Lesbian and Gay Parenting: A Brief History of Legal and Theoretical Issues,” 26 Studies in Law, Politics & Society 189206.Google Scholar
Coontz, Stephanie (1992) “The Way We Never Were: American Families and the Nostalgia Trap. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Delaney, Elizabeth (1991) “Statutory Protection of the Other Mother: Legally Recognizing the Relationship Between the Non-Biological Lesbian Parent and Her Child,” 43 Hastings Law J. 177216.Google Scholar
Demo, David, & Allen, Katherine (1996) “Diversity Within Gay and Lesbian Families: Challenges and Implications for Family Theory and Research,” 13 J. of Social & Personal Relationships 415–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doskow, Emily (1999) “The Second Parent Trap: Parenting for Same-Sex Couples in a Brave New World,” 20 J. Juvenile Law 122.Google Scholar
Ewick, Patricia, & Silbey, Susan (1998) The Common Place of Law: Stories from Everyday Life. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falk, Patricia. J. (1989) “Lesbian Mothers: Psychosocial Assumptions in Family Law,” 44 American Psychologist 941–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, Kay, & Mellema, Virginia (2001) Review Symposium: The Common Place of Law, ”Strategizing the Street: How Law Matters in the Lives of Women in the Street-Level Drug Economy,“ 26 Law & Social Inquiry 169208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewin, Ellen (1993) Lesbian Mothers: Accounts of Gender in American Culture. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Lipsky, Michael (1980) Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Matsuda, Mari (1990) Symposium on the Renaissance of Pragmatism in American Legal Thought, Comment, ”Pragmatism Modified and the False Consciousness Problem,“ 63 Southern California Law Rev. 1763–81.Google Scholar
McCann, Michael (1994) Rights at Work: Pay Equity Reform and the Politics of Legal Mobilization. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Mertz, Elizabeth (1994) “A New Social Constructionism for Sociolegal Studies,” 28 Law & Society Rev. 1243–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mezey, Naomi (2001) Review Symposium, The Common Place of Law Out of the Ordinary, ”Law, Power, Culture, and the Commonplace,“ 26 Law & Social Inquiry 145–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modell, Judith (1994) Kinship with Strangers: Adoption and Interpretations of Kinship in American Culture. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.Google Scholar
Pitts, J. R. (1964) “The Structural Functional Approach,“ in Christensen, H. T., ed., Handbook of Marriage and the Family. Chicago: Rand-McNally.Google Scholar
Robson, Ruthann (1994) “Resisting the Family: Repositioning Lesbians in Legal Theory,” 19 Signs: J. of Women in Culture & Society 975–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubenstein, William (1993) Lesbians, Gay Men, and the Law. New York: New Press.Google Scholar
Sarat, Austin, & Felstiner, William (1995) Divorce Lawyers and Their Clients: Power and Meaning in the Legal Process. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sprey, Jetse (1988) “Current Theorizing on the Family: An Appraisal,” 50 J. of Marriage & the Family 875–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stacey, Judith (1991) Brave New Families. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Stacey, Judith, & Biblarz, Timothy (2001) “(How) Does the Sexual Orientation of Parents Matter?” 66 American Sociological Rev. 159–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weston, Kath (1991) Families We Choose. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.Google Scholar
White, Lucie (1990) “Subordination, Rhetorical Survival Skills, and Sunday Shoes: Notes on Hearing of Mrs. G,” 38 Buffalo Law Rev. 157.Google Scholar
Yngvesson, Barbara (1997) “Negotiating Motherhood: Identity and Difference in Open Adoptions,” 31 Law & Society Rev. 3180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Cases Cited

Bottoms v. Bottoms 18 Va. App. 481 (1994), rev'd., 457 S.E.2d 102 (1995).Google Scholar
Bowers v. Hardwick 478, U.S. 186 (1986).Google Scholar
In re Evan 153 Misc.2d 844; 583 N.Y.S. 2d 997 (1992).Google Scholar
Sharon S. v. Superior Court of San Diego, S102671, 2002 Cal. LEXIS 459; 93 Cal. App. (2002).Google Scholar