Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T22:39:27.142Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Feeling for Justice? Rights, Laws, and Cultural Contexts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 December 2018

Catherine Lane West-Newman
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Emotions situate actors in relationships and shape their social interactions. Culture defines both the qualities of individual identity and the constitution of social groups with distinctive values and practices. Emotions, then, are necessarily experienced and acted upon in culturally inflected forms that define not only the conventions of their articulation through individual and collective action, but also the very words that name them. This article develops theoretical arguments to support these claims and illustrates their application in a description of differing emotional repertoires, and their consequences, in Aotearoa New Zealand. The effects of resentment and shame in an ethnic politics of rights and antidiscrimination law demonstrate that context is central to a nuanced understanding of how law and emotions connect in the practicalities of enforcing the protections of anti-discrimination law.

Type
Articles
Information
Law & Social Inquiry , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , Spring 2005 , pp. 305 - 335
Copyright
Copyright © American Bar Foundation, 2005 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrams, Kathryn 2002. The Progress of Passion. Michigan Law Review 100: 1602–20.Google Scholar
Armon-Jones, Claire 1986. The Thesis of Constructionism. In The Social Construction of Emotions, ed. Harre, Rom. Oxford, U.K.: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
Awatere, Donna 1984. Maori Sovereignty. Auckland: Broadsheet.Google Scholar
Bandes, Susan 1996. Empathy, Narrative, and Victim Impact Statements. University of Chicago Law Review 63: 361.Google Scholar
Bandes, Susan. ed. 1999. The Passions of Law. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Barbalet, J. M. 1998. Emotion, Social Theory, and Social Structure: A Macrosociological Approach. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Barbalet, J. M. ed. 2002. Emotions and Sociology. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Battiste, Marie, ed. 2000. Reclaiming Indigenous Voice and Vision. Vancouver: UBC Press.Google Scholar
Benedict, Ruth 1947. The Chrysanthemum and the Sword: Patterns of Japanese Culture. London: Seeker and Warburg.Google Scholar
Bond, Michael, ed. 1986. The Psychology of the Chinese People. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bond, Michael, and Hwang, Kwang-kuo 1986. The Social Psychology of Chinese People. In Bond 1986.Google Scholar
Bond, Michael, and Smith, Peter B 1996. Cross Cultural Social and Organizational Psychology. Annual Review of Psychology 47: 205–36.Google Scholar
Chen, Mai 1993. Discrimination in New Zealand: A Personal Journey. In Claiming the Law, ed. McDonald, Elisabeth and Austin, Graeme. Wellington, New Zealand: Victoria University Press.Google Scholar
Cooley, Charles 1922. Human Nature and the Social Order. New York: Scribner's.Google Scholar
Damasio, Antonio 1996. Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain. London: Picador.Google Scholar
Damasio, Antonio 1999. The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. New York: Harcourt Brace.Google Scholar
Darwin, Charles 1965. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Durie, Mason 1998. Te Mana, Te Kawanatanga: The Politics of Maori Self-Determination. Auckland: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Feigenson, Neal 1997. Sympathy and Legal Judgment: A Psychological Analysis. Tennessee Law Review 65, no. 1: 46–78.Google Scholar
Finkelstein, Joanne 1980. Considerations for a Sociology of the Emotions. Studies in Symbolic Interaction 3: 119.Google Scholar
Frijda, Nico, and Mesquita, Batja 1994. The Social Roles and Functions of Emotions. In Kitayama and Markus 1994.Google Scholar
Gilbert, Paul 1998. What Is Shame? In Shame, ed. Gilbert, Paul and Andrews, Bernice. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving 1955. On Face-Work: An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction. Psychiatry 18 (August): 213–31.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving 1956. Embarrassment and Social Organization. American Journal of Sociology 62: 264–71.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving 1968. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin.Google Scholar
Greif, Stuart, ed. 1995. Immigration and National Identity in New Zealand. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Dunmore Press.Google Scholar
Gudykunst, William, ed. 1993. Communication in Japan and the United States. Albany: State University New York Press.Google Scholar
Ha, F. 1995. Shame in Asian and Western Cultures. American Behavioral Scientist 38: 1114–31.Google Scholar
Harkins, Jean, and Wierzbicka, Anna 1997. Language: Key Issues in Emotion Research. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Sciences 10, no. 4: 319–31.Google Scholar
Harre, Rom 1991. Physical Being: A Theory for a Corporeal Psychology. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Harre, Rom, and Parrott, W. Gerrod eds. 1996. The Emotions: Social, Cultural and Bio-logical Dimensions. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Henderson, Lynne 1987. Legality and Empathy. Michigan Law Review 85, no. 7: 1574–1653.Google Scholar
Henderson, Zorika Petic 1995. Neurobiology's Role in Personality and Emotion. Human Ecology Forum 23, no. 2: 8.Google Scholar
Hide, Rodney 1997. Racial Rights are Racist Rhetoric. National Business Review (28 February): 17.Google Scholar
Ho, David Yau-fai 1976. On the Concept of Face. American Journal of Sociology 81, no. 4: 867–84.Google Scholar
Hu, H. C. 1944. The Chinese Concepts of “Face”. American Anthropologist 46: 45–65.Google Scholar
Huang, Peter H. 2000. Reasons within Passions: Emotions and Intentions in Property Rights Bargaining. Oregon Law Review 79: 435–77.Google Scholar
Hunt, Graeme 2000. Ignorance Lets Turia Spread Her Poisoned Gospel. National Business Review (8 September): n.p.Google Scholar
Ip, Manying 1990. Home Away from Home: Life Stories of Chinese Women in New Zealand. Auckland: New Women's Press.Google Scholar
Ip, Manying 1996. Dragons on the Long White Cloud: The Making of Chinese New Zeakmders North Shore City: Tandem Press.Google Scholar
Jackson, Moana 1989. The Crown, the Treaty and the Usurpation of Maori Rights. Paper presented at the Conference on Human Rights in the Pacific and Asia, Parliament Buildings, Wellington, October.Google Scholar
James, William 1884. What Is an Emotion. Mind 9: 188–205.Google Scholar
James, William 1931. The Principles of Psychology. Vol. 1. New York: Henry Holt.Google Scholar
Joynt, Robert 1995. Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain (book reviews). JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association 18: 1463–64.Google Scholar
Kawharu, Hugh, ed. 1989. Waitangi: Maori and Pakeha Perspectives of the Treaty of Waitangi. Auckland: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kemper, Theodore 1978. A Social Interactional Theory of Emotions. New York: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Kim, B. O. 1998. Psychosocial Understanding of Korean People's Shame and Face-Saving. Ki-dock-kyo Sasang (Christian ideology) 471: 234–47.Google Scholar
Kim, Uichol, Park, Young-Shin, and Park, Donghyun Kim 2000. The Challenge of Cross-Cultural Psychology: The Role of the Indigenous Psychologies. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 31, no. 1: 63–75.Google Scholar
Kitayama, Shinobu, and Markus, Hazel eds. 1994. Emotion and Culture: Empirical Studies of Mutual Influence. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Kitayama, Shinobu, Markus, Hazel, and Matsumoto, Hisaya 1995. Culture, Self, and Emotion: A Cultural Perspective on “Self-Conscious” Emotions. In Self-Conscious Emotions: The Psychology of Shame, Guilt, Embarrassment, and Pride, ed. Tangney, June and Fischer, Kurt. New York: Guilford.Google Scholar
Komin, Suntaree 1990. Culture and Work-Related Values in Thai Organizations. International Journal of Psychology 25: 681–704.Google Scholar
Lebra, Takie Sugiyama 1971. The Social Mechanism of Guilt and Shame: The Japanese Case. Psychological Bulletin 114: 395–412.Google Scholar
Le Doux, Joseph 1996. Trie Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life. New York: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Lewis, Helen 1971. Shame and Guilt in Neurosis. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Liem, Ramsay 1997. Shame and Guilt among First and Second-Generation Asian Americans and European Americans, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 28, no. 4: 65–392.Google Scholar
Lingis, Alphonso 2000. Dangerous Emotions. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Little, Laura 1995. Loyalty, Gratitude, and the Federal Judiciary. American University Law Review 44: 699–755.Google Scholar
Lupton, Deborah 1998. The Emotional Self. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Lutz, Catherine 1988. Unnatural Emotion: Everyday Sentiments on a Micronesian Atoll and Their Challenge to Western Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lutz, Catherine, and Abu-Lughod, Lila, eds. 1990. Language and the Politics of Emotion. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Marsella, Anthony, Murray, Michael D., and Golden, Charles 1974. Ethnic Variations in the Phenomenology of Emotions: 1. Shame. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 5, no. 3: 312–28.Google Scholar
Matsudaira, Tomomi 2003. Cultural Influences on the Use of Social Support by Chinese Immigrants in Japan: “Face” as a Keyword. Qualitative Health Research 13, no. 3: 343–58.Google Scholar
Mead, George Herbert 1934. Mind, Self, and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Mestrovic, Stjepan 1997. Postemotional Society. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Miller, Geri, and Yang, Julia 1997. Counseling Taiwan Chinese in America: Training Issues for Counselors. Counselor Education and Supervision 37, no. 1: 22–35.Google Scholar
Minow, Martha, and Spelman, Elizabeth V. 1988. Passion for Justice. Cardozo Law Review 10: 37–75.Google Scholar
Mutu, Margaret 2004. Recovering Fagin's IIl-Gotten Gains-Settling Ngati Kahu's Treaty Claims against the Crown. Inaugural Lecture, University of Auckland, May.Google Scholar
New Zealand Department of Statistics, 1999. New Zealand Official Year Book, 1998–1999. Wellington, New Zealand: Government Printer.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 1998. Office of the Race Relations Conciliator Annual Report for the year ended 30 June 1998. Wellington: New Zealand Government.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 1999. Office of the Race Relations Conciliator Annual Report for the Year Ended 30 June 1999. Wellington: New Zealand Government.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 2000. Office of the Race Relations Conciliator Annual Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2000. Wellington: New Zealand Government.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 2001a. He Hinatore ki te Ao Maori—A Glimpse into the Maori World: Maori Perspectives on Justice. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Justice.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 2001b. Office of the Race Relations Conciliator Annua! Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2001. Wellington: New Zealand Government.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 2002. Office of the Race Relations Conciliator Annual Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2002. Wellington: New Zealand Government.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice Human Rights Commission. 2001. New Research on Discrimination (January 2001). Wellington .Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 2003. New Research on Discrimination (January 2003). Wellington .Google Scholar
New Zealand Press Association. 2000. Maori Still Suffering from “Holocaust”—Turia. 29 August.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha 1999. “Secret Sewers of Vice”: Disgust, Bodies, and the Law. In Bandes 1999.Google Scholar
New Zealand Ministry of Justice. 2001. Upheavals of Thought: The Intelligence of Emotions. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Oatley, Keith 1992. Best Laid Schemes: The Psychology of Emotions. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Orange, Claudia 1987. The Treaty of Waitangi. Wellington, New Zealand: Allen and Unwin Port Nicholson Press.Google Scholar
Ow, Rosaleen, and Katz, Dafina 1999. Family Secrets and the Disclosure of Distressful Information in Chinese Families. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Human Services 80, no. 6: 620–28.Google Scholar
Palat, Ravi Arvind 1996. Curries, Chopsticks and Kiwis: Asian Migration to Aotearoa/ New Zealand. In Nga Patai: Racism and Ethnic Relations in Aotearoa/New Zealand, ed. Spoonley, Paul, Pearson, David, and Macpherson, Cluny. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Dunmore Press.Google Scholar
Piers, G., and Singer, M. 1971. Shame and Guilt: A Psychoanalytic and Cultural Study. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Pillsbury, Samuel 1989. Emotional Justice: Moralizing the Passions of Criminal Punishment. Cornell Law Review 74: 655–710.Google Scholar
Poortinga, Ype 1992. Towards a Conceptualization of Culture for Psychology. In Innovations in Cross-Cultural Psychology, ed. Iwawaki, S., Kashima, Y., and Leung, K. Amsterdam: Swets and Zeitlinger.Google Scholar
Posner, Eric 2001. Law and the Emotions. Georgetown Law Journal 89: 1977–2012.Google Scholar
Redding, Gordon, and Michael, Ng 1982. The Role of “Face” in the Organizational Perceptions of Chinese Managers. Organization Studies 3, no. 3: 201–19.Google Scholar
Reddy, William 2001. The Navigation of Feeling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Retzinger, Sheila 1995. Identifying Shame and Rage in Discourse. American Behavioral Scientist 38, no. 8: 1104–13.Google Scholar
Rosaldo, Michelle 1980. Knowledge and Passion: Ilongot Notions of Self and Social Life. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Runciman, William 1972. Relative Deprivation and Social Justice: A Study of Attitudes to Social Inequality in 20th-century England. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin.Google Scholar
Scheff, Thomas 1988. Shame and Conformity: The Deference-Emotion System. American Sociological Review 53: 395–406.Google Scholar
Scheff, Thomas, and Retzinger, Suzanne 1991. Emotions and Violence: Shame-Rage in Destructive Conflicts. New York: Lexington.Google Scholar
Sharp, Andrew 1990. Justice and the Maori. Auckland: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Shweder, Richard 2003. Toward a Deep Cultural Psychology of Shame. Social Research 70, no. 4: 1109–30.Google Scholar
Simmel, Georg 1971. The Metropolis and Mental Life. In Georg Simmel: On Individuality and Social Forms, ed. Levine, Donald. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Linda Tuhiwai 1999. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. London and Dunedin: Zed Books, University of Otago Press.Google Scholar
Solomon, Robert 1990. A Passion for Justice. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Solomon, Robert 1999. Justice v Vengeance: On Law and the Satisfaction of Emotion. In Bandes 1999.Google Scholar
Spoonley, Paul 1995. Constructing Ourselves: The Post-colonial Politics of Pakeha. In Justice and Identity, ed. Wilson, Margaret and Yeatman, Anna. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books.Google Scholar
Statistics New Zealand. 2003a. National Asian Population Projection. Media Release (10 June).Google Scholar
Statistics New Zealand. 2003b. Population Figures. Wellington, New Zealand: Government Printer. Stearns, Carol, and Peter Stearns. Anger: The Struggle for Emotional Control in America's History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Stipek, Deborah 1998. Differences between Americans and Chinese in the Circumstances Evoking Pride, Shame, and Guilt. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 29, no. 5: 616–29.Google Scholar
Vagg, John 1998. Delinquency and Shame: Data from Hong Kong. British Journal of Criminology 38, no. 2: 247–64.Google Scholar
Tribunal, Waitangi 1996. Taranaki Report: Kaupapa Tuatahi. Wai. 143.Google Scholar
Walker, Ranginui 1990. Ka Whawhai Tonu Matou: Struggle without End. Auckland: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Walker, Ranginui 1995. Immigration Policy and the Political Economy of New Zealand. In Greif 1995.Google Scholar
Ward, Alan 1995. A Show of Justice: Racial “Amalgamation” in 19th'Century New Zealand. 2nd ed. Auckland: Auckland University Press.Google Scholar
Weber, Max 1978. Economy and Society. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
West-Newman, Catherine Lane 2001. Reading Hate Speech from the Bottom in Aotearoa: Subjectivity, Empathy, Cultural Difference. Waikato Law Review 9: 231–364.Google Scholar
West-Newman, Catherine Lane 2004. Anger, Ethnicity, and Claiming Rights. Ethnicities 4, no. 1: 27–52.Google Scholar
Wierzbicka, Anna 1999. Emotions across Languages and Cultures. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Williams, Simon 2001. Emotion and Social Theory: Corporeal Reflections on the (lr)rational. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Wong, Helene 1995. Ching Chong Chinamen: When Friends Become Strangers. Foundation for Peace Studies Aotearoa/New Zealand, http://www.stevenyoung.co.nz/chinesevoice/identity/helenewongdec03.htm (accessed 16 April 2004).Google Scholar
Wong, Liu Shueng 2002. The Moulding of the Silent Immigrants: New Zealand Born Chinese. Paper presented at Auckland University of Technology Chinese Centre, 15 May. http://www.ethnicaffairs.govt.nz/oeawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/What-We-Do-Consultation (accessed 16 April 2004).Google Scholar
Wong, Pansy 1997 Maiden Speech to the New Zealand House of Representatives. Chinese Voice , 27 March.Google Scholar
Yang, Sungeun and Rosenblatt, Paul 2001. Shame in Korean Families. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 32, no. 3: 361–76.Google Scholar
Yee, Beven 2001. Enhancing Security: A Grounded Theory of Chinese Survival in New Zealand. Ph.D. thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand .Google Scholar
Young, Steven 2003. Politics and Culture: The Background and Recent Developments in the Political Culture of Chinese New Zealanders. Seminar presented at the Stout Research Centre for New Zealand Studies, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, http://www.stevenyoung.co.nz/chinesevoice/history/politicsandculture.htm. (accessed 16 April 2004).Google Scholar
Zhang, Sheldon 1995. Measuring Shaming in an Ethnic Context. British Journal of Criminology 35, no. 2: 248–262.Google Scholar