1. G. J. Turner thought that in the first degree the writ did not have words of entry. G. J. Turner, introduction to Brevia Placitata, ed. Turner, G. J., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 66 (1947), lxxviGoogle Scholar. There were, however, two forms of the writ in the first degree: one with words of entry, 4 Rolls, Curia Regis, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google Scholar. Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922Google ScholarRolls, Curia Regis, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., p. 204 (T 1206)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 657 (1221); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922Google Scholar Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 162 (P 1227); “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1227,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 3 (1916), 1–206.Google Scholar, 223 (1227); 13 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., No. 2073 (P 1229), and one without words of entryGoogle Scholar, Early Registers of Writs, ed. Haas, E. De and Hall, G. D. G., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 87 (1970)., pp. 95 (cc 193), 288 (R 76); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 680 (M 1223); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–.Google Scholar, No. 1544 (M 1225). The two forms of writ might have been the reason for the two methods of counting degrees. See below, note 2.

2. There were in fact two methods of counting the degrees or classifying writs of entry in terms of the number of degrees. The writ of entry ad terminum qui preteriit provides the easiest example. One method is the method explained in the text and counts three degrees. On the other method the writ used by lessor against lessee is not counted as in a degree; there are then only two degrees. The matter is well explained by Milsom in S. F. C. Milsom, introduction to Novae Narrationes, ed. Shanks, E. and Milsom, S. F. C., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 80 (1963), cxxxvGoogle Scholar. One wonders whether the two forms of writ for a lessor to use against a lessee motivated two methods of counting degrees. See above, note 1. At any rate, whichever method one used, the writ could have only one per and cui.

3. I Statutes of the Realm, ed. Luders, A. and others, 10 vols. (London, 1810–1828)Google Scholar. Statutes of the Realm, ed. Luders, A. and othe 25Google Scholar.

4. St. Westminster I, c. 40, 1 Statutes of the Realm, ed. Luders, A. and others, 10 vols. (London, 1810–1828)Google Scholar. Statutes of the Realm, ed. Luders, A. and othe 36Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/1062, m.29d (1280)Google Scholar.

5. Milsom, S. F. C., The Legal Framework of English Feudalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976), 88–102CrossRefGoogle Scholar;Milsom, S. F. C., Historical Foundations of the Common Law, 2d ed. (London: Butterworths, 1981), 143–49Google Scholar.

6. 2 Pollock, F. and Maitland, F. W., The History of English Law before the Time of Edward I, 2d ed., 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968), 62–75Google Scholar.

7. Palmer, Robert C., “The Origin of Property in England,” Law and History Review 3 (1985): 24–46CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

8. This article elaborates Palmer's point.

9. Brand, Paul, Kings, Barons and Justices: The Making and Enforcement of Legislation in Thirteenth-Century England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 156–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

10. See below, Part II.

11. Brand, , Kings, Barons and Justices, 153–60Google Scholar, 180–82, 337–39.

12. In novel disseisin the assize jury was to say whether defendant had disseised plaintiff unjustly and without judgment within the period of limitations.

13. In mort d'ancestor the assize jury was to say whether decedent had died seised and in fee within the period of limitations and whether plaintiff was his closest heir. The assize could be brought only by the decedent's son, daughter, brother, sister, niece or nephew.

14. Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1215 (1236)Google Scholar.

15. Milsom, , Legal Framework, 88–102Google Scholar.

16. Novel disseisin: E.g., 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., pp. 214–15Google Scholar(P 1200); 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967).Google Scholar, No. 442 (1201). Mort d'ancestor: E.g., 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835). p. 115Google Scholar(M 1199); 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967).Google Scholar, No. 455 (1201), No. 935 (1202); “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1202,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 1 (1913), 133–247., No. 73 (1202)Google Scholar; The Earliest Northamptonshire Assize Rolls 1202–1203, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Northamptonshire Record Society, vol. 5 (1930)., No. 474 (1202); Staffs., pp. 115–16 (1203); 4Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967).Google Scholar, No. 4233 (1209).

17. Novel disseisin: E.g., 2 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., p. 76Google Scholar (M 1201); 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967).Google Scholar, No. 870 (1202). Mort d'ancestor: 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., p. 271Google Scholar (M 1200); The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 360 (1202), No. 414 (1202); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., p. 144Google Scholar (M 1203), p. 219 (P 1203), p. 220 (P 1203); 3 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., pp. 287–88Google Scholar (P 1205). 18. 2 CRR, p. 76 (M 1201). 19. 2 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., p. 144Google Scholar (H 1203). Plaintiff could object to defendant's voucher to warranty by saying that the warrantor had no entry other than by intrusion after the death of decedent. E.g., 2 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 219 (P 1203)Google Scholar.

20. Novel disseisin: E.g., 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967).Google Scholar, No. 870 (1202). Mort d'ancestor: E.g., 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 43Google Scholar(M 1199); Staffordshire Suits extracted from the Plea Rolls, temp. Richard I and King John, ed. Wrottesley, G., Publications of the William Salt Archaeological Society, vol. 3 (1882), 25–, p. 52 (1199); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 675 (1201); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–., p. 219 (P 1203), p. 220 (P 1203)Google Scholar.

21. 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 43Google Scholar(M 1199). For additional examples, see Staffordshire Suits extracted from the Plea Rolls, temp. Richard I and King John, ed. Wrottesley, G., Publications of the William Salt Archaeological Society, vol. 3 (1882), 25–, p. 52 (1199); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 675 (1201)Google Scholar.

22. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google Scholar Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 313 (M 1200). For another example, see 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 214 (T 1200)Google Scholar.

23. Staffordshire Suits extracted from the Plea Rolls, temp. Richard I and King John, ed. Wrottesley, G., Publications of the William Salt Archaeological Society, vol. 3 (1882), 25–, p. 58 (1199); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google Scholar Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 75 (M 1201); 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 494 (1201), No. 544 (1201)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 307 (1202); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 180 (H 1203), No. 284 (T 1203); 3Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 1007 (1204)Google Scholar. Tractatus de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Regni Anglie Qui Glanvilla Vocatur, ed. and trans. Hall, G. D. G. (Selden Society, 1965). stated a more general rule: there was no assize if the parties “are both of the same stock from which the contested inheritance was descended.”Google ScholarTractatus de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Regni Anglie Qui Glanvilla Vocatur, ed. and trans. Hall, G. D. G. (Selden Society, 1965). 155. The more general rule seems to have been applied where the parties were not only of the same stock but also of equal degrees of relationship to the decedent. Compare 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 48 (M 1199); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 531 (1201); and 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 191–92 (P 1203) (no assize, two nephews dispute uncle's inheritance) with 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 218, 223 (P 1203)Google Scholar, The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). No. 1288 (1203) (assize proceeds, decedent is plaintiff's father and defendant's uncle and inheritance descended from their grandmother)Google Scholar.

24. Even though there was a writ of entry available plaintiff nevertheless could have reason either to bring a writ of right and plead a special mise against defendant's entry or to bring a writ of entry and plead into the right. The most important reason to bring a writ of right and plead a special mise about defendant's entry was that plaintiff based his claim on the seisin of an ancestor earlier than that allowed by the limitations period for writs of entry. Thus a plaintiff in 1200 brought a writ of right and pleaded a special mise that his great-grandfather's widow had been seised in the reign of Henry I and had leased the land for a term now ended. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 158 (H 1200), 220 (T 1200). Other examples are 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 82 (M 1203), 242–43 (M 1204); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2344 (P 1226); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2298 (M 1232), 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 176 (P 1233), 360 (M 1233)Google Scholar. There could also be tactical reasons for bringing a writ of right and pleading a special mise within the degrees. Widows brought writs of right and pleaded a cui in vita special mise when they claimed the land as their inheritance or grant before marriage. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 268, 1127 (1202), No. 1177 (1202); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 41 (P 1210), 122 (M 1211), 233 (H 1212), 246 (P 1212), 293, 242 (T 1212)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 233 (H 1224). The writ of right would reinforce their claim that the land was their inheritance. Similarly, a plaintiff brought a writ of right and pleaded a special issue of in custodia to recover land granted away by his guardian. 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 169–70 (M 1219). Perhaps he thought that doing so would reenforce his claim that his father had been seised. In 1203 a widow brought a writ of right and pleaded a cui in vita special mise that could have fit the per-and-cui form of the writ. 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 59 (M 1203), 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 34–35 (T 1205). The per-and-cui form of the cui in vita writ might have been so recently invented that she was not aware that it was available. (The earliest of the per-and-cui form of the cui in vita writ I have found was in 1202Google Scholar. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., Nos. 268, 484 [1202]). One plaintiff brought a writ of right, pleaded within the degrees, but then withdrew in order to bring a more useful writ (“utilitius breve”); apparently he thought that a writ of entry would, after all, be better. 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 268 (M 1206)Google Scholar.

25. Where the writ is used by the disseisee's heir Bracton de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. Woodbine, G., trans. Thorne, S., 4 vols. (Selden Society and Harvard University Press, 1968, 1977). speaks of the disseisee being the plaintiff's father, uncle, or aunt “or other ancestor” (“vel alium antecessorem”), 3Google ScholarBracton de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. Woodbine, G., trans. Thorne, S., 4 vols. (Selden Society and Harvard University Press, 1968, 1977). 159, but in the litigated cases plaintiff was the disseisee's first generation heirGoogle Scholar.

26. E.g., 3 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 934 (1204); 7Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 210, 276 (1214)Google Scholar.

27. 3 Bracton de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. Woodbine, G., trans. Thorne, S., 4 vols. (Selden Society and Harvard University Press, 1968, 1977). 157–58Google Scholar.

28. Ibid., 157. 29. 3 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 288 (P 1205)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 266 (1221); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1546Google Scholar, Bracton de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. Woodbine, G., trans. Thorne, S., 4 vols. (Selden Society and Harvard University Press, 1968, 1977).'s Note BookGoogle Scholar, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 933, 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2047 (T, M 1224); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2486Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 383 (H 1230)Google Scholar.

30. In one case the justices allowed the assize to proceed against the disseisor's brother and heir. 4 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 39 (T 1205). In a later case the assize justices allowed an assize brought by William de Ros against the Bishop of Exeter to proceed even though the bishop had diedGoogle Scholar. Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 894 (M 1224). Ros recovered but his lands were taken into the King's hands for other reasons. The King ordered that the land recovered in the assize be returned to the bishopGoogle Scholar.

31. 8 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 162 (M 1219); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2243Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 872 (M 1232) (Plaintiff to writ of entry loses because earlier assize against defendant's ancestor ended because of plaintiff's failure to prosecute, not because of disseisor's death)Google Scholar.

32. Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum, vol. 1 (London: Record Commission, 1833), 326Google Scholar;Hall, G. D. G., “The Early History of Entry of Sur Disseisin,” Tulane Law Review 42 (1968): 586–87Google Scholar.

33. Hall, , “Early History,” 586–87Google Scholar.

34. 3 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 305 (P 1205); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 199 (T 1206); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 132Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 76 (M 1219); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 210 (H 1220)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1883 (1226)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 372 (M 1229); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2442 (H 1236); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 531Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 434 (M 1230)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/775, m.5d (Hampshire, 1236); 16 CCR, No. 1573 (P 1241); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2279 (P 1242), 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1086 (M 1242). Where the predecessor of defendant, a head of a religious house, had died, plaintiff had to have brought the assize during the predecessor's life and the assize must have stopped because of the predecessor's death. 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2075 (H 1226); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1087Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 493 (H 1231)Google Scholar.

35. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/615, m.43d (Northamptonshire, 1241)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.12 (Oxfordshire, 1247)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.12d (Oxfordshire, 1247)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.25d (Oxfordshire, 1247)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., Nos. 319, 542, 573 (1248)Google Scholar.

36. The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., Nos. 319, 573 (1248)Google Scholar.

37. See below, text and notes at notes 124–36.

38. Tractatus de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Regni Anglie Qui Glanvilla Vocatur, ed. and trans. Hall, G. D. G. (Selden Society, 1965). 125. In one case plaintiff used an ostensurus quare form of writ to have defendant explain why he had not rendered up the expired term of yearsGoogle Scholar. Three Rolls of the King's Court in the Reign of King Richard the First, ed. Maitland, F., Pipe Roll Society, vol. 14 (1891)., p. 50 (T 1294)Google Scholar.

39. Three Rolls of the King's Court in the Reign of King Richard the First, ed. Maitland, F., Pipe Roll Society, vol. 14 (1891)., p. 20 (T 1194)Google Scholar; Three Rolls of the King's Court in the Reign of King Richard the First, ed. Maitland, F., Pipe Roll Society, vol. 14 (1891)., p. 135 (1195) (bis); 7Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 332 (T 1196); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 37 (M 1199); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 38 (M 1199); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 167 (H 1200); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 967 (1202)Google Scholar.

40. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 361 (1199); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 211 (P 1200)Google Scholar.

41. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 57 (P 1198); 1Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 410 (1199)Google Scholar; Staffordshire Suits extracted from the Plea Rolls, temp. Richard I and King John, ed. Wrottesley, G., Publications of the William Salt Archaeological Society, vol. 3 (1882), 25– pp. 59–60 (1199); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 545 (1201); 4Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., NO. 4443 (1209)Google Scholar.

42. “Curia Regis Roll 5 (1196)” and “Curia Regis Roll 8B (1198)” in Memoranda Roll for the Tenth Year of King John, ed. Brown, R. Allen, Pipe Roll Society, vol. 3, p. 95 (1196)Google Scholar; 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 844 (1202)Google Scholar.

43. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 341 (1199); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 23 (M 1201); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 204 (T 1206)Google Scholar.

44. Second degree: e.g., 1 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 3538 (1199); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 535 (1201). Third degree: e.g., 1Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 3506 (1199); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 137 (M 1199)Google Scholar.

45. 3 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 314 (P 1205)Google Scholar.

46. In 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 545 (1201) plaintiff brought a writ of gage and, in response to defendant, pleaded a special mise in the form of a writ of entryGoogle Scholar.

47. 4 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 4443 (1209)Google Scholar.

48. 4 Bracton de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. Woodbine, G., trans. Thorne, S., 4 vols. (Selden Society and Harvard University Press, 1968, 1977). 21Google Scholar.

49. 4 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 289 (M 1206) (entry of life tenant's heir after death of life tenant does not disseise reversioner)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 143 (1218)Google Scholar.

50. Sutherland, Donald, The Assize of Novel Disseisin (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973), 22–23Google Scholar.

51. 9 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 190–91Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1470 (T 1220). For a similar case that ended in settlement see 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 324–25 (T 1212). But seeGoogle ScholarBracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 783 (T 1233) where a lessor took back the land after the term and withstood novel disseisinGoogle Scholar.

52. 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 479 = No. 523 (1201)Google Scholar; Staffordshire Suits extracted from the Plea Rolls, temp. Richard I and King John, ed. Wrottesley, G., Publications of the William Salt Archaeological Society, vol. 3 (1882), 25–, p. 61 (1199); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 119–20 (H 1200), p. 167 (H 1200). 53. 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 274, 310 (M 1206); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1560 (M 1225)Google Scholar; “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1227,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 3 (1916), 1–206.Google Scholar, No. 225 (1227); 13 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2182 (P 1229); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 13 (T 1230), 682 (M 1230)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 16 (1248)Google Scholar.

54. For the invention of the writs of dower, see Biancalana, Joseph, “For Want of Justice: Legal Reforms of Henry II,” Columbia Law Review 88 (1988): 514–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

55. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 789 (1219)Google Scholar.

56. See Milsom, , Legal Framework, 45–47, 91–93Google Scholar.

57. 14 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1459Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 572 (T 1231)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 697 (P 1232). Milsom has explored the difficulties of a widow proceeding against her husband's grantee in her own court, assuming that she had a court. Milsom, Legal Framework, 45–46, 91–93Google Scholar.

58. 1 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 3157 = 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 168 (P 1200); 1Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., pp. 19, 74–76; Milsom, Legal Framework, 99 and 99, n.3Google Scholar.

59. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., Nos. 268, 484 (1202). The early appearance of the per and cui form is strong evidence for the early invention of the writ. Whether the writ was readily available is another questionGoogle Scholar.

60. Tractatus de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Regni Anglie Qui Glanvilla Vocatur, ed. and trans. Hall, G. D. G. (Selden Society, 1965). 82. Roman law knew a similar rule: a tutor or guardian could not alienate the property of his wardGoogle Scholar.Buckland, W. W., A Textbook of Roman Law from Augustus to Justinian, 3d ed., rev. Stein, Peter (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963), 154Google Scholar.

61. Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 182 (T 1200). Although the writ was probably invented with a lord's wardship of his tenant's underage children in mind, the writ also applied to grants made by guardians in other custodial arrangements. There are cases in which women put themselves and their land, received as inheritance or as a grant with which to marry, under the protection of a male relative. 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 309 (M 1200), 378 (H 1201); 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 82 (M 1203) (writ of right with special issue), pp. 242–43 (M 1204) (writ of right with special issue)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 636 (1219)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 342 (1220). A variation of this type of case was where a father gave his daughter with land as her maritagium to the father of her future husband. 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 828 (M 1225), 1406 (M 1225), 1860 (H 1226), 2511 (P 1226) (related litigation by a writ of cui in vita is recorded at 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 574 [M 1233]); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2145 (P 1243). The daughter's future father-in-law served as her guardian until she married his son and they came of age. There are also cases brought by a woman's heir and the allegation is that her husband granted the land while he had plaintiff in his guardianship. 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 419 (P 1201); 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 16–17 (T 1220)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 1011 (1221)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 452 (1248). In these cases, plaintiff might have been using the writ in custodia because sur cui in vita was not available. See below text and notes at notes 164–69. A father might commit his son to the wardship of someone who, according to the son, retained the land after the son came of age. 3Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 855 (1203); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 383 (T 1227)Google Scholar.

62. 4 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 123, 141 (P 1206), 221 (M 1206)Google Scholar.

63. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 182 (T 1200); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 169–70 (M 1219)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 1011 (1221); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 952 (M 1223)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1099 (P 1225); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 924 (M 1225)Google Scholar.

64. Of the cases cited in note 63, above, 11 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 952 (M 1223) is clearly a case of military tenure andGoogle ScholarBracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1099 (P 1225) is clearly a case of socage tenureGoogle Scholar.

65. Sutherland, , Novel Disseisin, 146Google Scholar. In the 1220s there were some who began to take the view that when a guardian granted his ward's land both the guardian and his grantee disseised the ward and could be sued in novel disseisin. Ibid. This view was adopted in Chapter 48 of the statute of Westminster I (1275) and in Chapter 25 of the statute of Westminster II (1285). 1 Statutes of the Realm, ed. Luders, A. and others, 10 vols. (London, 1810–1828)Google Scholar. Statutes of the Realm, ed. Luders, A. and othe 38, 84–85Google Scholar.

66. Sutherland, , Novel Disseisin, 146Google Scholar.

67. Select Charters and Other Illustrations of English Constitutional History, ed. Stubbs, W., 9th ed. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913), 180Google Scholar.

68. 2 Bracton de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. Woodbine, G., trans. Thorne, S., 4 vols. (Selden Society and Harvard University Press, 1968, 1977). 252. For that reason, a grant to a child had also to be made to a custodian who could maintain seisin on behalf of the childGoogle Scholar.Biancalana, Joseph, “Thirteenth Century Custodia,” Journal of Legal History 22 (2001): 19–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

69. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., pp. 194–95 (1198); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 88 (H 1199); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 114 (M 1199); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 101 (M 1202)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 317 (1202), No. 1145 (1202); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 953 (1202); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 216 (P 1203); 3Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 943 (1204); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 261 (M 1206)Google Scholar.

70. 4 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 311 (M 1206)Google Scholar.

71. 5 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 15 (H 1207); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2280 (T 1229). For a later example see 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 552 (M 1249)Google Scholar.

72. 8 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 169–70 (H 1219)Google Scholar.

73. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/951A, m.14d (Warwickshire, 1232)Google Scholar.

74. 16 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2303 (P 1242); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 49 (T 1242); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 873 (M 1249)Google Scholar.

75. 19 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1528 (H 1250); KB 26/141, m.17d (T 1250); KB 26/148, m.17d (M 1253); KB 26/148, m.34d (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/615, m.25d (Northamptonshire, 1253)Google Scholar; The Shropshire Eyre Roll of 1256, ed. Harding, A., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 96 (1980)., No. 28 (1256). 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 873 (M 1249) might be a case brought on the new writ, but mention of wardship suggests that plaintiff used the older writGoogle Scholar.

76. Brand, , Kings, Barons and Justices, 54–55Google Scholar; Biancalana, , “For Want of Justice,” 484–86Google Scholar; Milsom, , Legal Framework, 164–65Google Scholar; 1 Pollock, F. and Maitland, F. W., The History of English Law before the Time of Edward I, 2d ed., 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968) 147–48Google Scholar.

77. 2 Pleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 675 (1201); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 166–67 (H 1203), p. 219 (P 1203), p. 220 (P 1203); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 261 (M 1206), p. 292 (M 1206)Google Scholar.

78. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 91 (1194)Google Scholar.

79. Id. For a later example of plaintiff to a writ in custodia described as his ancestor's (his uncle's) closest heir, see 17 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 514 (M 1242)Google Scholar.

80. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/818, m.38 (Suffolk, 1240)Google Scholar.

81. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/867, m.8 (Surrey, 1241)Google Scholar.

82. Jacob, E. F., Studies in the Period of Baronial Reform and Rebellion, 1258–1267, Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, vol. 8, no. 14 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1925), 369Google Scholar;Brand, Paul W., “The Drafting of Legislation in Mid Thirteenth-Century England” in The Making of the Common Law (London: Hambledon Press, 1992), 361Google Scholar. The provision was also included in the St. Albans version of the Provisions of Westminster. Jacob, Studies, 376.

83. 2 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 180 (H 1203) (mort d'ancestor against the grantee of the lord's grantee denied because defendant's vouchee was plaintiff's sister; plaintiff later recovers on writ of right, 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 85–86, 99 [H 1204], 277–78 [P 1205]); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 952 (M 1223) (writ of entry between siblings); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 153 (M 1225), 1727 (H 1226) (writ of entry between siblings)Google Scholar.

84. Turner, Ralph T., The English Judiciary in the Age of Glanvill and Bracton, c. 1176-1239 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 191–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

85. Farmer: 13 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1465 (H 1229)Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 359 (M 1229); Villein: 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 465Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 713 (T 1225); Head of Religious House: 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 136 (M 1219), p. 212 (H 1220); Wife: 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 33 (P 1221)Google Scholar.

86. 17 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1871 (P 1243). 87. That understanding of what constituted a disseisin remediable by the assize changed in the ensuing seventy years or so. Sutherland, Novel Disseisin,144–47Google Scholar.

88. Milsom, , Legal Framework, 88–102Google Scholar. Alienation by farmer or villein: 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 122–23 (H 1200); 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 117 (P 1204), 125, 150–51 (T 1204). Alienation by official: 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 229, 233 (P 1203). Alienation by predecessor head of religious house: 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 181 (M 1204)Google Scholar.

89. 2 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 253 (T 1203); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 42–43 (T 1205); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 126–27 (P 1206)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., 1127 (1218–19); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 1309, 1394 (H 1235). SeeGoogle ScholarMilsom, , Legal Framework, 97Google Scholar.

90. 15 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 906Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 825 (M 1233)Google Scholar.

91. 15 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1636 (P 1236)Google Scholar.

92. 6 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 203–4 (H 1212)Google Scholar.

93. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 427 (P 1201); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 433 (P 1201); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 226–27 (H 1212)Google Scholar.

94. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 378 (H 1201)Google Scholar.

95. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., pp. 22–23 (M 1194), p. 312 (1199), pp. 317–18 (1199); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 74 (M 1199), p. 349 (M 1200); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 349 (M 1200); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 46–47 (P 1210), pp. 233–34 (H 1212), p. 287 (P 1212); 7Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 102 (H 1214)Google Scholar.

96. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 312 (1199); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 74 (M 1199)Google Scholar.

97. 1 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., pp. 22–23 (M 1194), pp. 317–18 (1199)Google Scholar.

98. 6 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 46–47 (P 1210)Google Scholar.

99. 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., pp. 237–38 (P 1200)Google Scholar.

100. 7 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 102 (H 1214)Google Scholar.

101. 9 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 252 (M 1220) dismissed but later begun again:Google ScholarBracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 947 (P 1224); 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 374 (M 1220)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 272 (1221)Google Scholar.

102. Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 681 (1221)Google Scholar.

103. E.g., 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., pp. 237–38 (P 1200); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 46–47 (P 1210)Google Scholar.

104. Three Rolls of the King's Court in the Reign of King Richard the First, ed. Maitland, F., Pipe Roll Society, vol. 14 (1891)., p. 3 (T 1194), p. 5 (T 1194), 17–18 (T 1194), p. 18 (T 1194)Google Scholar.

105. Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 434 (P 1201); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 147 (M 1219), p. 204 (H 1220), pp. 394–95 (P 1220), 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 121 (T 1220); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 274 (T 1243), No. 319 (T 1243)Google Scholar.

106. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 113 (H 1199), pp. 217–18 (T 1200); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 63–64 (M 1201), p. 282 (T 1203); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 252–53 (M 1221)Google Scholar.

107. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 89 (H 1199); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 80–81 (P 1206); 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 71–72 (T 1220)Google Scholar.

108. Frequently, the plea roll records do not reveal the nature of the dispute: 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 89 (H 1199), p. 434 (P 1201); 5Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 23 (H 1207); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 378–79 (T 1212); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 147 (M 1219); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 670 (P 1228). The use of the quare intrusit writ in three situations, however, stand out because of the frequency with which the writ was used in these situations. (1) Guardians claiming to hold land in wardship used the writ. (2) Plaintiffs used the quare intrusit writ in lieu of mort d'ancestor and, after 1236, in lieu of the writs of cosinage. 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 237 (H 1212); 7Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 48–49 (M 1213); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 374 (H 1225); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1342 (H 1229); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1730 (1245). (3) Plaintiffs also used the quare intrusit writ in connection with actions, judgments, and final concords in the King's court to allege that defendant has anticipated a judgment in his favor, 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 135 (H 1225), has intruded into lands plaintiff recovered by judgment, 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 84 (M 1201), p. 265 (T 1203); 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 28 (M 1203); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 165–66 (M 1219); 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 156–57 (T 1220); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 235 (T 1230); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 175 (H 1243); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 846 (1243–44), has entered more than the land defendant recovered by judgment in the King's court, 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 103–4 (T 1220); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 325–26 (T 1222); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 365 (H 1225), or has intruded into lands allocated to plaintiff by final concord in the King's court. 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 211 (T 1200); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2531 (M 1224); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1208 (M 1228). When used to protect a final concord the quare intrusit writ overlapped to some extent the writ de fine facto, but the latter writ lay only between the parties to the final concord and the former could be used against third partiesGoogle Scholar.

109. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 427 (P 1201), p. 433 (P 1201)Google Scholar.

110. The Earliest Northamptonshire Assize Rolls 1202–1203, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Northamptonshire Record Society, vol. 5 (1930)., No. 670 (1203). For a complaint of intrusion alleging alienation by widow see 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy,378 (H 1201)Google Scholar.

111. Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 115 (1221); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 348 (H 1225)Google Scholar.

112. 14 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1545 (T 1231); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 64Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 733 (H 1233), 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 839Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 822 (M 1233); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1034 (T 1239)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/818, m.34 (Suf-folk, 1240). A variation was a writ of entry for intrusion by a widow into the lands of her deceased husbandGoogle Scholar. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/818, m.31d (Suffolk, 1241)Google Scholar.

113. 11 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 380 (H 1223); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 612 (P 1228), No. 613 (P 1228), No. 2342 (H 1230), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1067Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 487 (H 1231); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1910 (T 1236); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 732 (T 1239); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 510 (M 1242), 2190 (P 1243), 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 606 (T 1243); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1212 (P 1244). There was also a writ for the reversion after a life tenant that did not use the language of entry. 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 883 (P 1244); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2227 (P 1250). A writ of entry was available for the escheat after the death of a bastard who died without an heir of his bodyGoogle Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 402 (P 1230), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 582 (M 1230), after the death without issue of the holder of maritagium, 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 296Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 105 (P 1220), 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 334–36 (M 1220)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1071 (P 1225), and after the death without issue of a tenant in tail. 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1212 (P 1244). The first of these writs of entry was overtaken by writs of escheat. 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1880 (P 1229); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2104 (P 1242); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2313 (P 1243); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 251 (T 1243); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy 132 (M 1249). And the second and third of these writs, by formedon in the reverter. Joseph Biancalana, The Fee Tail and the Common Recovery in Medieval England, 1176–1502 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2001), 72–75Google Scholar.

114. 15 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 386 (M 1233); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 486 (T 1243), No. 1730 (T 1245)Google Scholar.

115. 15 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2 (H 1233); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1992 (P 1236), 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 30Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1222 (1237)Google Scholar.

116. 14 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 242 (T 1230); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1677 (H 1243)Google Scholar.

117. 19 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2313 (P 1250)Google Scholar.

118. Brand, , Kings, Barons and Justices, 336–39Google Scholar.

119. 2 Pollock, F. and Maitland, F. W., The History of English Law before the Time of Edward I, 2d ed., 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968) 74–75Google Scholar;Maitland, F. W., The Forms of Action at Common Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1936), 43–44Google Scholar;Maitland, F. W., introduction to Select Pleas in Manorial Courts, ed. Maitland, F. W., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 2 (1888), lv–lviGoogle Scholar.

120. 2 Pollock, F. and Maitland, F. W., The History of English Law before the Time of Edward I, 2d ed., 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968) 72–73Google Scholar.

121. Ibid.

122. Ibid.

123. A plaintiff who had earlier brought a writ of right and lost could not relitigate his claim by a possessory assize. 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 213 (P 1200); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy 473 (P 1201); 2Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 57 (M 1201); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 122 (P 1206); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 4–5 (M 1219). But a plaintiff who had earlier lost in a possessory assize could relitigate his claim on a writ of right. 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 122–23 (H 1200). In two cases plaintiff to a writ of right had earlier lost the land to defendant in novel disseisin. 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 411 (H 1201); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 879 (T 1239). A plaintiff who had brought a writ of entry and lost could not relitigate his claim in a possessory assizeGoogle Scholar. “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1227,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 3 (1916), 1–206.Google Scholar, No. 23 (1227). But a plaintiff who lost in possessory assize could relitigate on a writ of entry. 9 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 181–82 (T 1220), 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 65 (P 1221); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2723 (H 1230), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 855 (M 1230); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1459Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 572 (T 1231); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1782 (T 1231)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 679 (P 1232). A plaintiff who brought a writ of right could not relitigate on a writ of entry. 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 341–42Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 307 (M 1220)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.27d (Oxfordshire, 1247). Plaintiffs who lost on a writ of entry were sometimes told to try again on a writ of rightGoogle Scholar. Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 1513 (1221)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1936 (1227); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1621 (H 1229); 2136 (P 1229), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 394Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 425 (T 1230)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 76 (T 1233)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 774 (T 1233); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 301Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 790 (M 1233)Google Scholar.

124. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.25d (Oxfordshire, 1247)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/300C, m.8 (Hereford, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.14 (Hereford, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives, 171, m.50d (M1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.16 (Kent, 1262–63)Google Scholar.

125. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.27d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/202, m.4 (Dorset, 1268)Google Scholar.

126. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.30d (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar.

127. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.3d (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar.

128. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.12 (Oxfordshire, 1247)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.17 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/300C, m.7d (Hereford, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.12 (Hertfordshire, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.8d (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/162, m.37 (H 1259)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/165, m.2 (P 1260)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.17 (Cambridgeshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/40, m.12d (Berkshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.17 (Bucking-hamshire, 1262)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.14d (Kent, 1262–63)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.25d (Kent, 1262– 63)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.15d (Gloucestershire, 1268–69)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.42 (Gloucestershire, 1268–69)Google Scholar.

129. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/615, m.48 (Northamptonshire, 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.1d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.3d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.12 (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/162, m.7 (H 1259)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.12 (Cambridgeshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.18 (Gloucestershire, 1268–69)Google Scholar.

130. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.4d (Buckinghamshire, 1262) (plaintiff's mother)Google Scholar.

131. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/615, m.43d (Northamptonshire, 1241)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/149, m.11d (T 1253)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.17d (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.9 (Hertfordshire, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.10d (Hertfordshire, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.15d (Kent, 125) (plaintiff's grandmother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.20 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.6 (M 1261) (plaintiff's grandmother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.7d (Buckingham-shire, 1262) (plaintiff's predecessor as abbot of Missenden)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.11d (Buckinghamshire, 1262)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.16 (Buckinghamshire, 1262)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/176, m.14d (M 1266)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/176, m.22d (M 1266)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.43d (Gloucestershire, 1268–69)Google Scholar.

132. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.18d (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.20d (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.57 (M 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.2d (Cambridgeshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.9d (Cambridgeshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/40, m.13 (Berkshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.10 (Gloucestershire, 1268–69)Google Scholar.

133. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/615, m.44d (Northamptonshire, 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.3d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.22d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar.

134. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.5d (Kent, 1255) (husband)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.50 (Norfolk, 1257) (predecessor prior of Norwich)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/162, m.36d (H 1259) (ancestor, relationship not clear)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.32 (M 1261) (father)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.11 (Buckinghamshire, 1262) (predecessor abbot of Missendon)Google Scholar.

135. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.15d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.6 (M 1261)Google Scholar.

136. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.15d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar.

137. Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.6 (1261)Google Scholar.Cokayne, George E., The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant (London: St. Catherine Press, 1910–1959), vol. 1, 355, vol. 4, 318–19Google Scholar.

138. Ibid., vol. 4, 318–19.

139. Ibid.

140. Ibid., 319.

141. E.g., 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 227 (P 1200)Google Scholar; “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1202,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 1 (1913), 133–247., No. 153 (1202); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 785 (1202); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 77 (M 1219); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 699 (M 1233)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/695, m.13d (Oxfordshire, 1241)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/143, m.7 (M 1250)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.15 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/169, m.14d (M 1260)Google Scholar.

142. E.g., 7 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 106 (H 1214); 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 88 (T 1220); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 120 (H 1225)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/1042, m.6 (Yorkshire, 1231)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 761 (T 1233)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/818, m.38 (Suffolk, 1240)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 683 (1248); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1374 (H 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/141, m.4 (T 1250)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/300C, m.13d (Hereford, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.2d Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; The Shropshire Eyre Roll of 1256, ed. Harding, A., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 96 (1980). No. 103 (1256)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.17d (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/164, m.6 (H 1260)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/165, m.27 (P 1260)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/166, m.25d (P 1262)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.9 (Buckinghamshire, 1262)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.18d (Kent, 1262–63)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/202, m.11 (Dorset, 1268)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.55 (Gloucester-shire, 1268–69)Google Scholar.

143. E.g., 5 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 55 (M 1207) (uncle)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 163 (1218–19) (mother)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 1142 (1221) (uncle); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 283–84Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 188 (T 1222); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 155 (H 1225) (brother); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1939 (T 1231) (mother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/951A, m.14d (Warwick-shire, 1232) (uncle); 15Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 301Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 790 (M 1233) (sister)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/695, m.14 (Oxfordshire, 1241) (uncle)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.20d (Oxfordshire, 1247) (mother)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/143, m.19 (M 1250) (uncle)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/300C, m.7d (Hereford, 1255) (mother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.14 (Norfolk, 1257 (brother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.23 (Kent, 1262–63) (mother)Google Scholar.

144. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/951A, m.10d (Warwickshire, 1232)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.28d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.27d (M 1261)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.32 (M 1261). In the first case the alleged lessor was plaintiff's first cousin. In the other three cases the relation between plaintiff and the lessor was not clear. An early example, pleaded in the right and determined by grand assize, is 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 818 (1202)Google Scholar.

145. 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 85 (M 1199); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 355 (M 1200), 407 (H 1201); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 357–58 (M 1200), 410, 412, 467 (H 1201); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2344 (P 1226) (grandmother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/300C, m.4 (Hereford, 1255) (grandfather)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/169, m.5d (M 1260)Google Scholar.

146. 12 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2344 (P 1226)Google Scholar.

147. 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 85 (M 1199); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 355 (M 1200), 407 (H 1201); 1Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 357–58 (M 1200), 410, 412, 467 (H 1201)Google Scholar.

148. 5 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 95 (M 1207)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., Nos. 163, 368 (1218–19)Google Scholar.

149. E.g., 2 Rotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 137 (M 1199)Google Scholar; Staffordshire Suits extracted from the Plea Rolls, temp. Richard I and King John, ed. Wrottesley, G., Publications of the William Salt Archaeological Society, vol. 3 (1882), 25–, p. 61 (1199); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 479 = No. 523 (1201); 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 535 (1201)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 438 (1202); 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 328–29 (P 1205); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 238 (M 1206); 5Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 32 (H 1207); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 154 (M 1211)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 159 (1218–19); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp.70–71Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 57 (M 1219)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1490 (1221)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 1039 (1221)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and Staffordshire [Shropshire] 1221, 1222, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 59 (194, No. 638 (1221); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 83 (P 1221); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 177 (H 1223)Google Scholar; “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1227,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 3 (1916), 1–206.Google Scholar, No. 260 (1227); Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/1042, m.9 (Yorkshire, 1231)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/775, m.9 (Hampshire, 1236); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 286 (H 1238)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/695, m.13 (Oxfordshire, 1241)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/867, m.11d (Surrey, 1241); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 564 (T 1242)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/141, m.5 (T 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/147B, m.26d (M 1252)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.3 (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.23 (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.19 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/162, m.20 (H 1259)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.24 (Kent, 1262–63). The writ in the third degree could also be used where the lessor was plaintiff's predecessor as head of a religious house and defendant was the lessee's heirGoogle Scholar. Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 171 (H 1222); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2571 (M 1224); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2345 (P 1226)Google Scholar.

150. If the lessee had conveyed the land, plaintiff-lessor was to use a writ in the third degree. In one case, where plaintiff tried to use a writ in the second degree, he was told that he had the wrong writ and defendant was sent without day. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 667 (1219). In a pure case of alienation, the writ said that defendant had no entry save through (per) the lessee to whom (cui) plaintiff-lessor had leased for a term that had ended. 2Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 87 (1198); 2Google ScholarRotuli Curiae Regis, ed. Palgrave, F., 2 vols. (London: G. Eyre & A. Spottiswoode, 1835)., p. 37 (M 1199); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 188 (T 1224)Google Scholar; “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1227,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 3 (1916), 1–206.Google Scholar, No. 287 (1227); Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/147B, m.6d (M 1252)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.27d (M 1253); KB 26/160, m.49d (M 1258); KB 26/165, m.12d (P 1260)Google Scholar.

151. E.g., 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 119–20 (H 1200); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 281 (M 1206); 5Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 17 (H 1207); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 120 (P 1221); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 48 (H 1223); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 905 (M 1230)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 641 (M 1231)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/695, m.6 (Oxford, 1241); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1169 (M 1242)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 256 (1248)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.18 (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.18d (Hertfordshire, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.10d (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; The Shropshire Eyre Roll of 1256, ed. Harding, A., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 96 (1980)., No. 250 (1256)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.11d (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/169, m.56 (M 1260)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.21d (M 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.10d (Cambridgeshire, 1261)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.12 (Buckinghamshire, 1262)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.13d (Kent, 1262–63)Google Scholar.

152. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 407–8 (H 1201); 5Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 89 (M 1207); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 26 (M 1219), 97 (M 1219), 197 (H 1220), 301 (P 1220); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 1432 (H 1229), 2186 (P 1229), 2223, 2267 (T 1229); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1101iGoogle Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 499 (H 1231), No. 1362 (P 1231)Google Scholar.

153. (1) 10 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 386Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 186 (T 1222); (2) 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 621Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1619 (M 1223); (3) 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 1621 (H 1229), 2136 (P 1229), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 394Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 425 (T 1230); (4) 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2304 (P 1242); (5) 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1873 (P 1243); (6)Google ScholarThe Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 226 (1248); (7) 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2228 (P 1250); (8)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/141, m.8d (M 1250); (9)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/145, m.43 (M 1251); (10)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/154, m.23d (T 1254); (11)Google ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.23 (Essex 1254); (12)Google ScholarThe Shropshire Eyre Roll of 1256, ed. Harding, A., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 96 (1980)., No. 115 (1256); (13)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/164, m.1 (H 1260); (14)Google ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.15 (Cambridgeshire, 1261); (15)Google ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.6 (Buckinghamshire, 1262)Google Scholar.

154. (1) 6 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 99 (M 1210), 181–82 (M 1211); (2)Google ScholarRolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 147 (1218–1219)Google Scholar.

155. 10 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 386Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 186 (T 1222)Google Scholar.

156. 7 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 154 (T 1214)Google Scholar.

157. (1) 6 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 99 (M 1210), 181–82 (M 1211); (2)Google ScholarRolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 147 (1218–1219); (3) 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 621Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1619 (M 1223); (4) 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 1621 (H 1229), 2136 (P 1229), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 394Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 425 (T 1230); (5) 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2228 (P 1250); (6)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/141, m.8d (M 1250); (7)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/145, m.43 (M 1251); (8)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/154, m.23d (T 1254); (9)Google ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.23 (Essex 1254); (10)Google ScholarThe Shropshire Eyre Roll of 1256, ed. Harding, A., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 96 (1980)., No. 115 (1256); (11)Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/164, m.1 (H 1260); (12)Google ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.15 (Cambridgeshire, 1261); (13)Google ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.6 (Buckinghamshire, 1262)Google Scholar.

158. Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/145, m.43 (M 1251) (life)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/154, m.23d (T 1254) (twenty-four years)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.23 (Essex 1254) (life)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/58, m.6 (Buckinghamshire, 1262) (thirty years)Google Scholar.

159. Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1215 (1236)Google Scholar.

160. 17 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1873 (P 1243)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 226 (1248)Google Scholar.

161. Brand, , Kings, Barons and Justices, 155Google Scholar.

162. E.g., The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 215 (1202); 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 12 (M 1203); 6Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 218 (H 1212); 7Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 319 (H 1215); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 124 (T 1230); 17Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1471 (H 1243)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/162, m.32 (H 1259)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.51 (M 1261)Google Scholar.

163. E.g., Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 270 (1218–19); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 64 (P 1221)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1981 (1221); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 299 (T 1227)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/1042, m.11d (Yorkshire, 1231)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/951A, m.14 (Warwickshire, 1232); JUST/867, m.11 (Surrey, 1241)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/143, m.31d (M 1250)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/300C, m.9d (Hereford, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/160, m.43d (M 1258)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/82, m.16d (Cambridgeshire, 1261). A widow could also use a writ in the per-and-cui form against the widow of her husband's granteeGoogle Scholar. Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 153 (1218–19); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1645 (T 1224)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.8d (Kent, 1255). In a couple of cases, plaintiff used a writ with only a per against the heir of her husband's granteeGoogle Scholar. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., Nos. 521, 624, 629 (1218–19); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1560 (M 1225). Similarly, in one case plaintiff used a writ in the per against the widow of the entrant. 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 306–7Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 203 (T 1222)Google Scholar.

164. The remainder of the paragraph in the text is based on Biancalana, The Fee Tail, 58–63.

165. The argument for such a limitation had been made as early as 1200. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 330–31 (M 1200)Google Scholar.

166. “Roll of the Justices in Eyre at Bedford, 1202,” ed. Fowler, G. H., Bedfordshire Historical Record Society, vol. 1 (1913), 133–247., No. 101 (1202)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., Nos. 167, 1132 (1218–19)Google Scholar.

167. One example is 17 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1716 (H 1243). For a case in which the woman's heir contests by writ of entry the woman's grant of her entailed maritagium, see 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1067Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 487 (H 1231)Google Scholar.

168. Other remedies were, however, available. See Biancalana, , The Fee Tail, 62–63Google Scholar.

169. The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 484 (1202)Google Scholar; Rolls of the Justices in Eyre for Yorkshire, 1218– 1219, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 56 (1937)., No. 154 (1218–19); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 208 (H 1223)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 233 (H 1224)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/1042, m.4d (Yorkshire, 1231)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.12d (Hampshire, 1236)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/818, m.24 (Suffolk, 1240)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/867, m.12 (Surrey, 1241); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 928 (M 1249)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.33 (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.37 (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.22 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; The Shropshire Eyre Roll of 1256, ed. Harding, A., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 96 (1980)., 305 (1256)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.48 (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar.

170. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 309, 317 (M 1200), 378 (H 1201); 3Google ScholarPleas before the King or His Justices, ed. Stenton, D., 4 vols., Publications of the Selden Society, vols. 67, 68, 83, 84 (1948, 1949, 1966, 1967)., No. 855 (1203)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 636 (1219); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 407 (T 1230); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 873 (M 1249)Google Scholar.

171. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 419 (P 1201); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 311 (M 1206)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926)., No. 1395 (1202)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1182 (T 1220); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2178 (P 1229); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 207 (P 1242)Google Scholar.

172. 11 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 1461 (T 1224), 2040Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 893 (M 1224) (plaintiff's brother)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/1042, m.28 (Yorkshire, 1231) (plaintiff's father)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/166, m.8 (P 1262) (plaintiff's brother)Google Scholar.

173. 1 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 182 (T 1200); 3Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 93 (H 1204); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 203 (T 1206); 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 72 (P 1221)Google Scholar; The Earliest Lincolnshire Assize Rolls 1202–1209, ed. Stenton, D., Publications of the Lincolnshire Record Society, vol. 22 (1926). & Worcs., No. 1011 (1221); 11Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 952 (M 1223)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 977 (P 1224); 12Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 924 (M 1225); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 246 (T 1227); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1532 (T 1231)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/951A, m.16 (Warwickshire, 1232)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/775, m.11 (Hampshire, 1236)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/818, m.6d (Suffolk, 1240)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/867, m.8 (Surrey, 1241); 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2007 (P 1242)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.17 (Oxfordshire, 1247)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/154, m.7 (T 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.31 (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.14 (Hertfordshire, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.23 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.49d (Norfolk, 1257); KB 26/160, m.4 (M 1258)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/165, m.8d (P 1260)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/176, m.9d (M 1266). In one case plaintiff had been in remote parts and while he was away for a prolonged time someone, probably plaintiff's lord, had taken the land into his lands and, according to plaintiff, had granted to defendant. After his return plaintiff brought in custodia in the per to recover the land. 16Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1721 (T 1241)Google Scholar.

174. 7 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 291 (M 1214); 8Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 230 (H 1220); 9Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 181–82 (T 1220), 10Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 65 (P 1221)Google Scholar; Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 1099 (P 1225); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1744Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 596 (T 1231); 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1532 (T 1231); 18Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 429 (T 1242)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/699, m.2 (Oxfordshire, 1247); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 1889 (P 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/154, m.32 (T 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.35d (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.16 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/160, m.43 (M 1258)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/169, m.69 (M 1260)Google Scholar.

175. 16 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 245 (H 1238), No. 1757 (T 1241); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 2236 (P 1250)Google Scholar.

176. 16 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 245 (H 1238)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/320, m.10d (Hertfordshire, 1255) (ward's sister vs. grantee's son)Google Scholar.

177. 13 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 668 (P 1228)Google Scholar.

178. 3 Curia Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, p. 114 (P 1204); 4Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, pp. 60 (H 1206), 123, 141 (P 1206), 221 (M 1206); 13Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, Nos. 1779 (P 1229), 2692 (H 1230), 14Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 566Google Scholar, Bracton's Note Book, ed. Maitland, F. W., 3 vols. (London: C. J. Clay, 1887)., No. 440 (M 1230)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/695, m.19d (Oxfordshire, 1241)Google Scholar; The Roll and Writ File of the Berkshire Eyre of 1248, ed. Clanchy, M. T., Publications of the Selden Society, vol. 90 (1972–1973)., No. 452 (1248); 19Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy Keeper of the Records, 19 vols. 1922–Google ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, prepared under the superintendence of the Deputy, No. 948 (M 1249), No. 2278 (P 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/141, m.1d (T 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/143, m.30 (M 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/149, m.7 (T1253)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.22 (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.21d (Gloucestershire, 1268–69)Google Scholar.

179. Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/141, m.17d (T 1250)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.17d (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/615, m.25d (Northamptonshire, 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.47d (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/162, m.8d (H 1259)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/171, m.5d (M 1261)Google Scholar.

180. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/275, m.16d (Gloucestershire, 1268–69) (plaintiff is sister of infant grantor)Google Scholar.

181. Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/148, m.34d (M 1253)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/567, m.52 (Norfolk, 1257)Google Scholar; Curia Regis Rolls, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarCuria Regis Rolls, National Archives/165, m.20 (P 1260) (plaintiff's grantee is predecessor of defendant)Google Scholar.

182. Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/233, m.8 (Essex, 1254)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/361, m.1 (Kent, 1255)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.15 (Kent, 1262–63)Google Scholar; Rolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National ArchivesGoogle ScholarRolls of Itinerant Justices on Eyre, National Archives/363, m.26d (Kent, 1262–63)Google Scholar.