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Traditional Excluding Forces: A Review of the Quantitative Literature on the Economic Situation of Indigenous Peoples, Afro-descendants, and People Living with Disability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Néstor Gandelman ,
Hugo Ñopo  and
Laura Ripani
Néstor Gandelman
Affiliation:
Universidad ORT Uruguay. [email protected]
Hugo Ñopo
Affiliation:
Inter-American Development Bank, based in Bogotá, Colombia. [email protected]
Laura Ripani
Affiliation:
Inter-American Development Bank. [email protected].
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Abstract

Unequal income distribution in Latin America and the Caribbean is linked to unequal distributions of human and physical assets and differential access to markets and services. These circumstances, and the accompanying social tensions, need to be understood in terms of traditional fragmenting forces; the sectors of the population that experience unfavorable outcomes are also recognized by characteristics such as ethnicity, race, gender, and physical disability. In addition to reviewing the general literature on social exclusion, this article surveys several more specific topics: relative deprivation (in land and housing, physical infrastructure, health and income); labor market issues, including access to labor markets in general, as well as informality, segregation, and discrimination; the transaction points of political representation, social protection, and violence; and areas in which analysis remains weak and avenues for further research in the region.

Type
Research Note
Information
Latin American Politics and Society , Volume 53 , Issue 4 , Winter 2011 , pp. 147 - 179
Copyright
Copyright © University of Miami 2011

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