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Vessels for Ceremony: The Pictography of Codex-Style Mixteca-Puebla Vessels from Central and South Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gilda Hernández Sánchez
Gilda Hernández Sánchez*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Archaeology Leiden University, Reuvensplaats 3-4, Postbus 9515, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands ([email protected])
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Abstract

An excellent illustration of the strong intertwinement of the art, image, text, and ritual characteristics of the ancient Americas is the codex-style pottery of the Mixteca-Puebla style. These ceramics, together with painted books and murals, were manifestations of an artistic style and iconography known as the Mixteca-Puebla style, which developed in central and south Mexico during the late Postclassic period (A.D. 1250–1521). Scholars have long recognized the motifs depicted on these vessels as part of the iconographic corpus of the Borgia group and Mixtec codices, and they have proposed that these vessels had ceremonial uses. A recent study of a large sample of these artifacts from the Puebla-Tlaxcala Valley, central Veracruz, the Mixtec region, the Valley of Oaxaca, and the Basin of Mexico confirms both suggestions, showing that the vessels' painted images were more than mere decoration; they conformed to a pictography that referred to essential notions of Mesoamerican rituality. It is proposed that the meaning of this pictography was related to the context in which the vessels were used. Most likely the painted signs conveyed meanings by using stylistic devices of Mesoamerican ceremonial language. Addressed here are the mechanisms of this pictography, the progress made in reading it, and insights into the vessels' use context.

Resumen

Resumen

Una excelente ilustración de la fuerte relación entre arte, imagen, texto y ritual que caracterizó a la América antigua es la cerámica tipo códice del estilo Mixteca-Puebla. Vasijas de esta cerámica, junto con libros pintados y murales, fueron manifestaciones de un estilo artístico e iconográfico hoy conocido como estilo Mixteca-Puebla. Este se desarrolló en el centro y sur de México durante el Postclásico Tardío (1250–1521 d.C.). Desde inicios del siglo XX los especialistas han reconocido que los motivos pintados en estas vasijas fueron parte del corpus iconográfico de los códices del grupo Borgia y mixtecos, y además han propuesto que éstas tenían un uso ceremonial. Un estudio reciente de una muestra grande de estos artefactos proveniente del Valle de Puebla-Tlaxcala, el centro de Veracruz, la región Mixteca, el Valle de Oaxaca, y la Cuenca de México, no sólo confirma ambas ideas, sino que también muestra que las imágenes pintadas en las vasijas eran más que simple decoración. Las imágenes conformaban una pictografía que hacía referencia a nociones esenciales de la práctica ritual mesoamericana. Aquí se propone que los significados de los signos pintados estaban relacionados con el contexto en el que las vasijas eran usadas. Muy probablemente los signos pintados transmitían información usando técnicas estilísticas del lenguaje ceremonial de Mesoamérica, como difrasismos, paralelismos y repeticiones. Aquí se analizarán los mecanismos de esta pictografía, los avances en su lectura y las ideas que se tienen sobre el contexto de uso de las vasijas.

Type
Research Article
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 252 - 273
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2010

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