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Tiwanaku Temples and State Expansion: A Tiwanaku Sunken-Court Temple in Moquegua, Peru

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Paul Goldstein
Paul Goldstein*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street and Central Park West, New York, NY 10024
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Abstract

Until recently, an entrenched view of Tiwanaku expansion in the south-central Andes as a primarily cultic phenomenon precluded discussion of state-built ceremonial facilities outside of Tiwanaku’s immediate hinterland of the Bolivian altiplano. However, recent research in the Tiwanaku periphery has found specialized ceremonial architecture that reflects the solidification of central control and the development of a provincial system. Excavation at the Omo M10 site, in Moquegua, Peru, has exposed the only Tiwanaku sunken-court temple structure and cut-stone architecture known outside of the Titicaca Basin. A reconstruction of the Omo temple complex demonstrates direct parallels with Tiwanaku ceremonial centers of the altiplano in architectural form and ceremonial activities. This suggests that patterns of state-centered ceremony and peripheral administration underwent a dramatic transformation with the explosive expansion of the Tiwanaku state during the period known as Tiwanaku V (A. D. 725–1000).

En los últimos años, una restringida visión de la expansión de Tiwanaku (Tiahuanaco) en la zona centro surandina principalmente como un fenómeno de culto, excluía la discusión de las instalaciones ceremoniales construidas por el estado fuera del territorio inmediato de Tiwanaku en el altiplano boliviano. Sin embargo, recientes investigaciones en la periferia de Tiwanaku han encontrado arquitectura ceremonial especializada que refleja la solidificación de un control central y el desarrollo de un sistema provincial. Las excavaciones en el sitio Omo M10 en Moquegua (Perú) han descubierto el único templo con patio hundido y arquitectura de bloques de piedra labrada que se conoce fuera de la cuenca del Titicaca. Una reconstrucción del complejo del templo de Omo muestra paralelos directos con centros ceremoniales Tiwanaku del altiplano en su forma arquitectónica y actividades ceremoniales. Esto sugiere que los modelos del ritual estatal y la administración periférica pasaron por una dramática transformación con la explosiva expansión del estado Tiwanaku durante el período conocido como Tiwanaku V (725–1000 D. C.).

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , March 1993 , pp. 22 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1993

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