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Socioeconomic Inequality and the Consumption of Chipped Stone at El Palmillo, Oaxaca, Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Gary M. Feinman ,
Linda M. Nicholas  and
Helen R. Haines
Gary M. Feinman
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605-2496
Linda M. Nicholas
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605-2496
Helen R. Haines
Affiliation:
Archaeological Research Centre, Trent University, 1600 W. Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada
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Abstract

In prehispanic Mesoamerica, basic utilitarian artifacts, such as non-obsidian chipped stone tools, have rarely been considered outside the realms of technology or the economics of manufacture and circulation. Yet in recent excavations of residential terraces at the Classic period hilltop settlement of El Palmillo, Oaxaca, we have noted spatial patterning in the distribution of chipped stone tools that parallels variation previously observed in a range of nonlocal goods including obsidian, marine shell, and greenstone. Compared to the inhabitants of terraces situated near the base of the site, the apparently higher-status residents of households residing closer to the hill’s apex not only were associated with a somewhat different assemblage of stone tools and debris, but their chipped stone implements tended to be made on better-quality raw materials. As a consequence, chipped stone assemblages can serve as an additional axis of variation for examining status distinctions in the Classic period Valley of Oaxaca, and potentially elsewhere in Mesoamerica.

En la mesoamérica prehispánica, los artefactos utilitarios básicos, tales como los instrumentos no confeccionados en obsidiana, casi nunca han sido considerados fuera de las esferas de tecnología, de manufactura y de su circulación. Sin embargo, en recientes excavaciones de terrazas residenciales en el sitio Clásico de El Palmillo, Oaxaca, emplazado en la cima de un cerro, hemos registrado patrones espaciales en la distribución de instrumentos líticos que son muy semejantes a la variación observada previamente en los bienes no locales, que incluyen la obsidiana, la concha marina y la piedra verde. En comparación a los habitantes de la terrazas situadas cerca la base del cerro, los de las unidades domésticas ubicadas más cerca de su cumbre, que parecen tener un estatus más alto, no están asociados únicamente con un complejo artefactual y de desechos líticos algo diferente, sino que también su instrumental lítico tiende a estar fabricado en materias primas de mejor calidad. Como consecuencia, los complejos de piedra tallada pueden servir como otro eje de variación para examinar diferencias de estatus en el Valle de Oaxaca durante el periodo Clásico, y potencialmente en otras partes de Mesoamérica.

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , June 2006 , pp. 151 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 by the Society for American Archaeology.

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