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A King's Apotheosis: Iconography, Text, and Politics from a Classic Maya Temple at Holmul

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Francisco Estrada-Belli  and
Alexandre Tokovinine
Francisco Estrada-Belli
Affiliation:
Anthropology Department, Tulane University, 6823 Saint Charles Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70118 ([email protected])
Alexandre Tokovinine
Affiliation:
Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138 ([email protected])
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Abstract

Excavations at the ancient Maya city of Holmul, Petén, have led to the discovery of a building decorated with an intricately carved and painted plaster frieze. The iconography of the frieze portrays seated lords, mountain spirits, feathered serpents, and gods of the underworld engaged in the apparent rebirth of rulers as sun gods. Large emblems carved on the side of the building identify the structure as a shrine for ancestor veneration. A dedicatory text carved along the bottom of the frieze contains a king list and references to the political and familial ties of the ruler who commissioned the temple. Together, the iconography and text of this structure provide evidence of function and meaning. They also shed new light on a century during Classic Maya history known as the Tikal “Hiatus,” for which a limited number of texts are available. The information derived from this monument also broadens our understanding of the nature of hegemonic relationships among Classic Maya states.

Resumen

Resumen

El desarrollo de excavaciones en la antigua ciudad Maya de Holmul, Petén, llevó al descubrimiento de un edificio decorado con un friso elaboradamente esculpido y pintado. Su iconografía incluye representaciones de reyes, espíritus de la montaña, serpientes emplumadas y dioses del inframundo asistiendo al renacimiento de los gobernantes como dioses solares. Los emblemas modelados en las fachadas laterales del edificio permiten identificar su función como santuario para la veneración de los ancestros. Un texto dedicatorio inciso a lo largo del friso contiene una lista de reyes y referencias a los lazos políticos y familiares del comisionante del templo. Juntos, la iconografía y el texto asociados a esta estructura, nos proporcionan una serie de datos clave para entender su función y su significado. Asimismo, permiten aclarar una parte aún oscura de la historia de los reinos del sur de las tierras bajas mayas para la cual se dispone de muy pocos datos y que es usualmente conocida como el “Hiato de Tikal”. La información derivada de este monumento también nos proporciona nuevos indicios sobre las relaciones de carácter hegemónico entre los estados mayas del periodo Clásico.

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 149 - 168
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2016

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