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Measurement of runaway electron beam current in nanosecond-pulse discharges by a Faraday cup

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 October 2018

Cheng Zhang ,
Zehui Liu ,
Jintao Qiu ,
Han Bai ,
Fei Kong  and
Tao Shao
Cheng Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China
Zehui Liu
Affiliation:
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Jintao Qiu
Affiliation:
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Han Bai
Affiliation:
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Fei Kong
Affiliation:
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China
Tao Shao*
Affiliation:
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100090, China
*
Author for correspondence: Tao Shao, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 2703, 100190 Beijing, China, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Measurement of runaway electron beam (REB) is essential to investigate behavior of runaway electrons produced in nanosecond-pulse gas discharge. A Faraday cup is designed to measure the REB current in nanosecond-pulse discharge when the applied dV/dt is 75 kV/ns. The Faraday cup considers the impendence match with the oscilloscope and the design of the receiving part. The experimental results show that the measured REB current has a rise time of 348 ps and a full width at half maximum of 510 ps. The comparison of the measurement results by the Faraday cup and a REB collector confirm that the Faraday cup is able to measure REB current in nanosecond-pulse discharge. Furthermore, consecutive waveforms of the REB currents show stable results by using the designed Faraday cup. In addition, effects of the interelectrode gap, gas pressure, and cathode material on the REB current are investigated by the designed Faraday cup, and the measurement results provide characteristics of REB current under different conditions. The REB current decreases when the gap spacing or gas pressure increases. REB current increases with the cathode diameter. It indicates that the high-energy electrons are generated not only at the edge of the cathode but also on the side surface of the cathode.

Keywords

Faraday cupgap spacinggas pressurenanosecond-pulse dischargerunaway electron beam
Type
Research Article
Information
Laser and Particle Beams , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , September 2018 , pp. 369 - 375
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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