Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T04:18:32.651Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

English for Business Communication

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2012

Vijay K. Bhatia  and
Stephen Bremner
Vijay K. Bhatia
Affiliation:
City University of Hong [email protected]
Stephen Bremner
Affiliation:
City University of Hong [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The concept of Business English has undergone some major shifts in the last few years because of a number of developments, such as advances in genre theory and the coming together of English for Business Purposes and Business Communication, inspired by the realization that there is a gap to be bridged between the academy and the globalized business world. Drawing on advances in the analysis of business discourses, especially in applied genre analysis, this state-of-the-art review revisits the frameworks currently used in English for Business Purposes and Business Communication (or, more generally, Professional Communication) to suggest an integration of the two approaches for the design of English for Business Communication (EBC) programmes. The study incorporates an extensive review of much of the relevant published work in all the three areas mentioned above to identify some of the main issues in EBC, and illustrates a gradual shift in the rationale for the design and implementation of EBC programmes.

Type
State-of-the-Art Article
Information
Language Teaching , Volume 45 , Issue 4 , October 2012 , pp. 410 - 445
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alexander, R. (1999). Business English in Europe: Student requirements and course delivery. In Hewings, M. & Nickerson, C. (eds.), Business English: Research into practice. Harlow: Pearson Education, 3–13.Google Scholar
Anson, C. & Forsberg, L. (1990). Moving beyond the academic community: Transitional stages in professional writing. Written Communication 7.2, 200–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arundale, R. (2006). Face as relational and interactional: A communication framework for research on face, facework, and politeness. Journal of Politeness Research 2, 193–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Artemeva, N. (2009). Stories of becoming: A study of novice engineers learning genres of their profession. In Bazerman, C., Bonini, A. & Figuieredo, D. (eds.), Genre in a changing world: Perspectives on writing. Fort Collins, CO: The WAC Clearinghouse and Parlor Press, 158–178.Google Scholar
Artemeva, N. & Freedman, A. (eds.) (2006). Rhetorical genre studies and beyond. Winnipeg: Inkshed Publications.Google Scholar
Babcock, R. & Du-Babcock, B. (2001). Language-based communication zones in international business communication. Journal of Business Communication 38.4, 372–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakhtin, M. (1986). Speech genres and other late essays. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Bargiela-Chiappini, F. & Harris, S. (1996). Requests and status in business correspondence. Journal of Pragmatics 28, 635–662.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bargiela-Chiappini, F. & Harris, S. (1997). Managing language: The discourse of corporate meetings. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bargiela-Chiappini, F. & Nickerson, C. (1999). Writing business as social action. In Bargiela-Chiappini, F. & Nickerson, C. (eds.), Writing business: Genres, media and discourses. New York: Longman, 1–32.Google Scholar
Bargiela-Chiappini, F. & Nickerson, C. (2003). Intercultural business communication: A rich field of studies. Journal of Intercultural Studies 24.1, 3–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bargiela-Chiappini, F., Nickerson, C. & Planken, B. (2007). Business discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barker, R. & Zifcak, L. (1999). Communication and gender in workplace 2000: Creating a contextually based integrated paradigm. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 29.4, 335–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bazerman, C. (1994). Systems of genres and the enactment of social intentions. In Freedman, A. & Medway, P. (eds.), Genre and the new rhetoric. London: Taylor & Francis, 79–104.Google Scholar
Belcher, D. (ed.) (2009). English for Specific Purposes in theory and practice. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bennington, A., Shetler, J. & Shaw, T. (2003). Negotiating order in interorganizational communication: Discourse analysis of a meeting of three diverse organizations. Journal of Business Communication 40.2, 118–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beaufort, A. (1999). Writing in the real world: Making the transition from school to work. New York: Teachers College Press.Google Scholar
Beaufort, A. (2008). Writing in the professions. In Bazerman, C. (ed.), Handbook of research on writing: History, society, school, individual, text. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum, 221–235.Google Scholar
Berkenkotter, C. & Huckin, T. (1993). Rethinking genre from a sociocognitive perspective. Written Communication 10.4, 475–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berkenkotter, C. & Huckin, T. (1995). Genre knowledge in disciplinary communication. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Bhatia, V. (1993). Analysing genre: Language use in professional settings. Harlow, UK: Longman.Google Scholar
Bhatia, V. (1997). Genre-mixing in academic introductions. English for Specific Purposes 16.3, 181–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, V. (2004). Worlds of written discourse: A genre-based view. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Bhatia, V. (2005). Generic patterns in promotional discourse. In Halmari, H. & Virtanen, T. (eds.), Persuasion across genres: A linguistic approach. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 213–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, V. (2006). Discursive practices in disciplinary and professional contexts. Linguistic and Human Sciences 2.1, 5–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, V. (2008a). Genre analysis, ESP and professional practice. English for Specific Purposes 27.2, 161–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, V. (2008b). Creativity and accessibility in written professional discourse. World Englishes 27.3, 319–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, V. (2010). Interdiscursivity in professional communication. Discourse and Communication 21.1, 32–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, V. & Bhatia, A. (2011). Business communication. In Simpson, J. (ed.), The handbook of applied linguistics. London: Routledge, 24–38.Google Scholar
Bhatia, V. & Candlin, C. (eds.) (2001). Teaching English to meet the needs of business education in Hong Kong. Hong KongCentre for English Language Education and Communication Research, Department of English, City University of Hong Kong.Google Scholar
Bilbow, G. (1999). Look who's talking: An analysis of ‘chair-talk’ in business meetings. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 12, 157–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bjørge, A. (2010). Conflict or cooperation: The use of backchannelling in ELF negotiations. English for Specific Purposes 29.3, 191–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blyler, N. & Thralls, C. (eds.) (1993). Professional communication: The social perspective. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Bovee, C. & Thill, J. (2006). Business communication essentials (2nd edn). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Bremner, S. (2006). Politeness, power and activity systems: Written requests and multiple audiences in an institutional setting. Written Communication 23.4, 397–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremner, S. (2008). Intertextuality and business communication textbooks: Why students need more textual support. English for Specific Purposes 27.3, 306–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremner, S. (2010). Collaborative writing: Bridging the gap between the textbook and the workplace. English for Specific Purposes 29, 121–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremner, S. (2012). Socialization and the acquisition of professional discourse: A case study in the PR industry. Written Communication 20.1, 7–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brett, P. (2000). Integrating multimedia into the Business English curriculum: A case study. English for Specific Purposes 19.3, 269–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, P. & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnett, R. (2001). Technical communication (5th edn). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt.Google Scholar
Candlin, C. & Maley, Y. (1997). Intertextuality and interdiscursivity in the discourse of alternative dispute resolution. In Gunnarsson, B.-L., Linell, P. & Nordberg, B. (eds.), The construction of professional discourse. London: Longman, 201–222.Google Scholar
Candlin, C. & Plum, G. (1999). Engaging with challenges of interdiscursivity in academic writing: Researchers, students and tutors. In Candlin, C. & Hyland, K. (eds.), Writing: Texts, processes and practices. London: Longman, 193–217.Google Scholar
Charles, M. (1994). Layered negotiations in business: Interdependencies between discourse and the business relationship. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. Birmingham, UK: University of Birmingham.Google Scholar
Charles, M. (1996). Business communications: Interdependence between discourse and the business relationship. English for Specific Purposes 15.1, 19–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charles, M. (2007). Language matters in global communication. Journal of Business Communication 44.3, 260–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, G., Donahue, L. & Klimoski, R. (2004). Training undergraduates to work in organizational teams. Academy of Management Learning and Education 3.1, 27–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheng, W. & Kong, K. (2009). Professional communication: Collaboration between academics and practitioners. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chew, K. S. (2005). An investigation of the English language skills used by new entrants in banks in Hong Kong. English for Specific Purposes 24.4, 423–435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colen, K. & Petelin, R. (2004). Challenges in collaborative writing in the contemporary corporation. Corporate Communications 9.2, 136–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cook, G. (1992). The discourse of advertising. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Couture, B. & Rymer, J. (1989). Interactive writing on the job: Definitions and implications of ‘collaboration’. In Kogan, M. (ed.), Writing in the business professions. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English and Association for Business Communication, 73–93.Google Scholar
Cowling, J. (2007). Needs analysis: Planning a syllabus for a series of intensive workplace courses at a leading Japanese company. English for Specific Purposes 26.4, 426–442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crosling, A. & Ward, I. (2002). Oral communication: The workplace needs and uses of business graduate employees. English for Specific Purposes 21.1, 41–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cross, G. (1994). Collaboration and conflict: A contextual exploration of group writing and positive emphasis. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.Google Scholar
Cross, G. (2001). Forming the collective mind: A contextual exploration of large-scale collaborative writing in industry. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.Google Scholar
Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd edn). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devitt, A. (1991): Intertextuality in tax accounting: Generic, referential and functional. In Bazerman, C. & Paradis, J. (eds.), Textual dynamics of the professions. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 337–357.Google Scholar
Devitt, A. (1996). Review: Genre, genres, and the teaching of genre. College Composition and Communication 47.4, 605–615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Devitt, A. (2004). Writing genres. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Dias, P., Freedman, A., Medway, P. & Paré, A. (1999). Worlds apart: Acting and writing in academic and workplace contexts. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Dias, P. & Paré, A. (eds.) (2000). Transitions: Writing in academic and workplace settings. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.Google Scholar
Donna, S. (2000). Teach business English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Douglas, D. (2000). Assessing languages for specific purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Du-Babcock, B. (2006). Teaching business communication: Past, present, and future. Journal of Business Communication 43.3, 253–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Du-Babcock, B. (2007). Language-based communication zones and professional genre competence in business and organizational communication: A cross-cultural case approach. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 17.1, 149–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dudley-Evans, T. & John, M. St. (1998). Developments in English for specific purposes: A multi-disciplinary approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Duff, P. (2008). Language socialization, higher education and work. In Duff, P. & Hornburger, N. (eds.), Encyclopedia of language and education (Vol. 8). New York: Springer, 257–270.Google Scholar
Ede, L. & Lunsford, A. (1990). Singular texts/plural authors: Perspectives on collaborative writing. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Edwards, N. (2000). Language for business: Effective needs assessment, syllabus design and materials preparation in a practical ESP case study. English for Specific Purposes 19.3, 291–296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eelen, G. (2001). A critique of politeness theories. Manchester, UK: St. Jerome Publishing.Google Scholar
Ellis, M. & Johnson, C. (1994). Teaching business English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Esteban, A. & Cañado, M. (2004). Making the case method work in teaching Business English: A case study. English for Specific Purposes 23.2, 137–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Flowerdew, J. & Wan, A. (2006). Genre analysis of tax computation letters: How and why tax accountants write the way they do. English for Specific Purposes 25.2, 133–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forman, J. (2004). Opening the aperture: Research and theory on collaborative writing. Journal of Business Communication 41.1, 27–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foucault, M. (1981). The archaeology of knowledge. New York: Pantheon Books.Google Scholar
Freedman, A. & Adam, C. (1996). Learning to write professionally: ‘Situated learning’ and the transition from university to professional discourse. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 10.4, 395–427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freedman, A., Adam, C. & Smart, G. (1994). Wearing suits to class: Simulating genres and simulations as genres. Written Communication 11.2, 193–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuertes-Olivera, P. (2007). A corpus-based view of lexical gender in written Business English. English for Specific Purposes 26.2, 219–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galtens, J. (2000). Lessons from the field: Socialization issues in writing and editing internships. Business Communication Quarterly 63.1, 64–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of culture. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Gimenez, J. (2000). Business e-mail communication: Some emerging tendencies in register. English for Specific Purposes 19.3, 237–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gimenez, J. (2001). Ethnographic observations in cross-cultural business negotiations between non-native speakers of English: An exploratory study. English for Specific Purposes 20.2, 169–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gimenez, J. (2006). Embedded business emails: Meeting new demands in international business communication. English for Specific Purposes 25.2, 154–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goby, V. (2007). Business communication needs: A multicultural perspective. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 21.4, 425–437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gollin, S. (1999). ‘Why? I thought we'd talked about it before’: Collaborative writing in a professional workplace setting. In Candlin, C. & Hyland, K. (eds.), Writing: Texts, processes and practices. London: Longman, 267–290.Google Scholar
Goodwin, C. & Duranti, A. (eds.) (1992). Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Graves, K. (1996). Teachers as course developers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guffey, M. & Du-Babcock, B. (2008). Essentials of business communication (Asian edn). Singapore: Thomson.Google Scholar
Gunnarsson, B.-L. (2009). Professional discourse. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Halliday, M., McIntosh, A. & Strevens, P. (1964). The linguistic sciences and language teaching. London: The English Language Book Society and Longman Group Ltd.Google Scholar
Halmari, H. & Virtanen, T. (eds.) (2005). Persuasion across genres: A linguistic approach. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamp-Lyons, L. & Lockwood, J. (2009). The workplace, the society and the wider world: The offshoring and outsourcing industry. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 29, 145–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamp-Lyons, L. & Lumley, T. (2001). Assessing language for specific purposes. Language Testing 18.2, 127–132.Google Scholar
Hamp-Lyons, L., Lumley, T., Hamilton, J. & Lockwood, J. (2003). A context-led English language assessment system: Final report (Hong Kong Central Earmarked Research Grant No. 5254/99H). Hong Kong University Grants Council.Google Scholar
Handford, M. (2010). The language of business meetings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Handford, M. & Koester, A. (2010). ‘It's not rocket science’: Metaphors and idioms in conflictual business meetings. Text and Talk 30.1, 27–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, R. (2006). Benefits and problems with student teams: Suggestions for improving team projects. Journal of Education for Business 82.1, 11–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Held, G. (1992). Politeness in linguistic research. In Watts, R., Ide, S. & Ehlich, K. (eds.), Politeness in language: Studies in its history, theory and practice. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 131–153.Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture's consequences: International differences in work related values. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Hollett, V. (2006). Business objectives (international edn). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Holmes, J. (2004). Relational practice in the workplace: Women's talk or gendered discourse? Language in Society 33, 377–398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, J. (2006a). Gendered talk at work: Constructing gender identity through workplace discourse. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, J. (2006b). Sharing a laugh: Pragmatic aspects of humor and gender in the workplace. Journal of Pragmatics 38.1, 26–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, J. & Schnurr, S. (2005). Politeness, humor and gender in the workplace: Negotiating norms and identifying contestation. Journal of Politeness Research 1.1, 124–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, J. & Stubbe, M. (2003). Power and politeness in the workplace. London: Pearson Education.Google Scholar
Ibbotson, M. & Stephens, B. (2006). Business start-up 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jackson, J. (2005). An inter-university, cross-disciplinary analysis of business education: Perceptions of business faculty in Hong Kong. English for Specific Purposes 24.3, 293–306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, M. (2007). Should emerging technologies change business communication scholarship? Journal of Business Communication 44.1, 3–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, J., Cogo, A. & Dewey, M. (2011). Review of developments in research into English as a lingua franca. Language Teaching 44.3, 281–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johns, A. & Price-Machado, D. (2001). English for specific purposes: Tailoring courses to student needs – and to the outside world. In Celce-Murcia, M. (ed.), Teaching English as a second or foreign language. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle, 43–54.Google Scholar
Jordan, R. (1997). English for academic purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kachru, B. (ed.) (1992). The other tongue (2nd edn). Urbana and Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Kankaanranta, A. & Louhiala-Salminen, L. (2007). Focus on teaching: Business communication in BELF. Business Communication Quarterly 70.1, 55–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khoo, R. (ed.) (1994). LSP: Problems and prospects. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre.Google Scholar
Koester, A. (2004). Relational sequences in workplace genres. Journal of Pragmatics 36, 1405–1428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koester, A. (2006). Investigating workplace discourse. London: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koester, A. (2010). Workplace discourse. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Kong, K. (1998). Are simple business requests really simple? A comparison of Chinese and English business request letters. Text 18.1, 103–141.Google Scholar
Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in language: A semiotic approach to literature and art. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Kuiper, A. (2007). English as the language of international business communication. Business Communication Quarterly 70.1, 59–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leech, G. (2007). Politeness: Is there an East-West divide? Journal of Politeness Research 3, 167–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Maistre, C. & Paré, A. (2004). Learning in two communities: The challenge for universities and workplaces. Journal of Workplace Learning 16.1/2, 44–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lesikar, R., Flatley, M. & Rentz, K. (2008). Business communication: Making connections in a digital world (11th edn). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.Google Scholar
Li, D. (2000). The pragmatics of making requests in the L2 workplace: A case study of language socialization. Canadian Modern Language Review 57.1, 58–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, F. & Mead, K. (2000). An analysis of English in the workplace: The communication needs of textile and clothing merchandisers. English for Specific Purposes 19.4, 351–368.Google Scholar
Locker, K. (1999). Factors in reader responses to negative letters: Experimental evidence for changing what we teach. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 13.1, 5–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Locker, K. & Kaczmarek, S. (2004). Business communication: Building critical skills (2nd edn). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.Google Scholar
Louhiala-Salminen, L. (1996). The business communication classroom vs. reality: What should we teach today? English for Specific Purposes 15.1, 37–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Louhiala-Salminen, L. (2002). The fly's perspective: Discourse in the daily routine of a business manager. English for Specific Purposes 21.3, 211–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Louhiala-Salminen, L., Charles, M. & Kankaanranta, A. (2005). English as a lingua franca in Nordic corporate mergers: Two case companies. English for Specific Purposes 24.4, 401–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Louhiala-Salminen, L. & Kankaanranta, A. (2011). Professional communication in a global business context: The notion of global communicative competence. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication 54.3, 244–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, P., Curtis, A. & Lowry, M. (2004). Building a taxonomy and nomenclature of collaborative writing to improve interdisciplinary research and practice. Journal of Business Communication 41.1, 66–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackenzie, I. (2010). English for business studies: A course for business studies and economics students. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Miller, C. (1984). Genre as social action. Quarterly Journal of Speech 70, 151–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohan, B. (1986). Language and content. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.Google Scholar
Nelson, M. (2006). Semantic associations in business English: A corpus-based analysis. English for Specific Purposes 25.2, 217–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nickerson, C. (1998). Corporate culture and the use of written English within British subsidiaries in the Netherlands. English for Specific Purposes 17.3, 281–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nickerson, C. (1999). The use of English in electronic mail in a multinational corporation. In Bargiela-Chiappini, F. & Nickerson, C. (eds.), Writing business: Genres, media and discourses. Harlow: Longman, 35–56.Google Scholar
Nickerson, C. (2005). English as a lingua franca in international business contexts. English for Specific Purposes 24.4, 367–380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nickerson, C., Gerritsen, M. & van Meurs, F. (2005). Raising student awareness of the use of English for specific business purposes. English for Specific Purposes 24.3, 333–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ober, S. (2004). Fundamentals of contemporary business communication. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Odell, L. & Goswami, S. (eds.) (1995). Writing in non-academic settings. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
O'Halloran, K. (2006). Multimodal discourse analysis: Systemic functional perspectives. London: Continuum.Google Scholar
Orlikowski, W. & Yates, J. (1994). Genre repertoire: Structuring of communicative practices in organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly 39.4, 541–574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palmer-Silveira, J., Ruiz-Garrado, M. & Fortanet-Gomez, I. (eds.) (2006). International and intercultural business communication: Theory, research and teaching. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Paradis, J., Dobrin, D. & Miller, R. (1985). Writing at Exxon: Notes on the writing environment of an R&D organization. In Odell, L. & Goswami, D. (eds.), Writing in non-academic settings. New York: Guilford, 281–308.Google Scholar
Parks, S. (2001). Moving from school to the workplace: Disciplinary innovation, border crossings, and the reshaping of a written genre. Applied Linguistics 22.4, 405–438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parks, S. & Maguire, M. (1999). Coping with on-the-job writing in ESL: A constructivist-semiotic perspective. Language Learning 49.1, 143–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peirson-Smith, A., Bhatia, V., Bremner, S. & Jones, R. (2010). Creative English and public relations in Hong Kong. World Englishes 29.4, 523–535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penrose, J. (2007). Responding to the unique expectations and needs of graduate students who are nonnative speakers of English. Business Communication Quarterly 70.1, 47–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pilegaard, M. (1997). Politeness in written business discourse: A textlinguistic perspective on requests. Journal of Pragmatics 28, 223–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Planken, B. (2005). Managing rapport in lingua franca sales negotiations: A comparison of professional and aspiring negotiators. English for Specific Purposes 24.4, 381–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poncini, G. (2002a). Business relationships and roles in a multicultural group: An investigation of discourse at an Italian company's meetings of its international distributors. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. Birmingham, UK: Birmingham University.Google Scholar
Poncini, G. (2002b). Investigating discourse at business meetings with multicultural participation. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 40.4, 345–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poncini, G. (2003). Multicultural business meetings and the role of languages other than English. Journal of Intercultural Studies 24.1, 17–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poncini, G. (2004). Discursive strategies in multicultural business meetings. Bern: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Rentz, K., Arduser, L., Meloncon, L. & Debs, M. (2009). Designing a successful group-report experience. Business Communication Quarterly 72.1, 79–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richards, J. (2001). Curriculum development in language teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, C. (2010). Language socialization in the workplace. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 30, 211–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, P. (1998). National agendas and the English divide. Business Communication Quarterly 61.3, 79–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, P. (2000). CEO presentations in conjunction with earning announcements. Management Communication Quarterly 13.3, 426–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, P. (2001). Convergence and commonality challenge business communication research. Journal of Business Communication 38.1, 14–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogerson-Revell, P. (1999). Meeting talk: A stylistic approach to teaching meeting skills. In Hewings, M. & Nickerson, C. (eds.), Business English: Research into practice. Harlow: Longman, 55–71.Google Scholar
Rogerson-Revell, P. (2007). Using English for international business: A European case study. English for Specific Purposes 26.1, 103–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogerson-Revell, P. (2008). Participation and performance in international business meetings. English for Specific Purposes 27.3, 338–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santos, V. (2002). Genre analysis of business letters of negotiation. English for Specific Purposes 21.2, 167–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schleppegrell, M. & Royster, L. (1990). Business English: An international survey. English for Specific Purposes 9.1, 3–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneider, B. & Andre, J. (2005). University preparation for workplace writing: An exploratory study of the perceptions of students in three disciplines. Journal of Business Communication 42.2, 195–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seidlhofer, B. (2004). Research perspectives on teaching English as a lingua franca. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 24, 209–239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seidlhofer, B. (2005). English as a lingua franca. ELT Journal 59.4, 339–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skehan, P. (1984). Issues in the testing of English for specific purposes. Language Testing 1, 202–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smart, G. (1998). Mapping conceptual worlds: Using interpretive ethnography to explore knowledge-making in a professional community. Journal of Business Communication 35.1, 111–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smart, G. (2006). Writing the economy: Activity, genre and technology in the world of banking. London: Equinox.Google Scholar
Smart, G. & Brown, N. (2006). Developing a ‘discursive gaze’: Participatory action research with student interns encountering new genre in the activity of the workplace. In Artemeva, N. & Freedman, A. (eds.), Rhetorical studies and beyond. Winnipeg: Inkshed Publications, 241–282.Google Scholar
Spencer-Oatey, H. (2000). Rapport management: A framework for analysis. In Spencer-Oatey, H. (ed.), Culturally speaking: Managing rapport through talk across cultures. New York: Cassell Academic, 11–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spilka, R. (1993). Collaboration across multiple organizational cultures. Technical Communication Quarterly 2.2, 125–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stansfield, C. (2008). ‘Where we have been and where we should go’. Language Testing 25.3, 311–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
St.John, M. (1996). Business is booming: Business English in the 1990s. English for Specific Purposes 15.1, 3–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suchan, J. & Charles, M. (2006). Business communication research: Past, present, and future. Journal of Business Communication 43.4, 389–397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swales, J. (1980). The educational environment and its relevance to ESP programme design. ELT Documents Special, 61–70.Google Scholar
Swales, J. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Swales, J. (1998). Other floors, other voices: A textography of a small university building. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Swales, J. (2000). Language for Specific Purposes. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 20, 59–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swales, J. & Rogers, P. (1995). Discourse and the projection of corporate culture: The mission statement. Discourse and Society 6, 223–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taillefer, G. (2007). The professional language needs of economics graduates: Assessment and perspectives in the French context. English for Specific Purposes 26.2, 135–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tebeaux, E. (1990). Toward an understanding of gender differences in written business communication: A suggested perspective for future research. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 4.1, 25–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, G. (2007). How can we make our research more relevant? Bridging the gap between workplace changes and business communication research. Journal of Business Communication 44.3, 283–296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, I. (2001). Collaboration in technical communication: A qualitative content analysis of journal articles, 1990–1999. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication 44.3, 161–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Varner, I. (2000). The theoretical foundation for intercultural business communication: A conceptual model. Journal of Business Communication 37.1, 39–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vergaro, C. (2004). Discourse strategies of Italian and English sales promotion letters. English for Specific Purposes 23.2, 181–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vickers, C. (2007). Second language socialization through team interaction among electrical and computer engineering students. The Modern Language Journal, 91.iv, 621–640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vuorela, T. (2005). How does a sales team reach goals in intercultural business negotiations? A case study. English for Specific Purposes 24.1, 65–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watts, R. (2003). Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, R. (1994). Needs analysis in teaching: State of the art. Language Teaching 27, 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
West, R. (1997). Needs analysis: State of the art. In Howard, R. & Brown, G. (eds.), Teacher education for LSP. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters, 68–79.Google Scholar
Widdowson, H. (1978). Teaching language as communication. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Widdowson, H. (1998). Communication and community: The pragmatics of ESP. English for Specific Purposes 17.1, 3–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, D. (1976). Notional syllabuses. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Winsor, D. (1996). Writing like an engineer: A rhetorical education. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Winsor, D. (2003). Writing power: Communication in an engineering center. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Worley, R. & Dyrud, M. (2007). Business communication and ESL. Business Communication Quarterly 70.1, 34–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yates, J. & Orlikowski, W. (1992). Genres of organizational communication: A structurational approach to studying communication and media. Academy of Management Review 17.2, 296–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yates, J. & Orlikowski, W. (2002). Genre systems: Structuring interaction through communicative norms. The Journal of Business Communication 39.1, 13–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeung, L. (2007). In search of commonalities: Some linguistic and rhetorical features of business reports as a genre. English for Specific Purposes 26.2, 156–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Z. (2007). Towards an integrated approach to teaching Business English: A Chinese experience. English for Specific Purposes 26.4, 399–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, W. (2004). Writing in business courses: An analysis of assignment types, their characteristics, and required skills. English for Specific Purposes 23.2, 111–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, Y. (2000). Rhetorical moves in Chinese sales genres, 1949 to the present. Journal of Business Communication 37.2, 156–172.Google Scholar
Zhu, Y. (2007). Using authentic cross-cultural dialogues to encourage international students’ participation in tutorial activities. Business Communication Quarterly 70.1, 43–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar