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Adapt retrieval rules and inhibit already-existing world knowledge: adjustment of world knowledge’s activation level in auditory sentence comprehension

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 November 2019

QIANYU LI ,
XUQIAN CHEN Open the ORCID record for XUQIAN CHEN [Opens in a new window] ,
QIAONING SU ,
SHUN LIU  and
JIAN HUANG
QIANYU LI
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, China
XUQIAN CHEN*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, China
QIAONING SU
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, China
SHUN LIU
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, China
JIAN HUANG
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, and Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science of Guangdong Province, China
*
*Requests for reprints should be addressed to Xuqian Chen, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Shipai Road, Guangzhou 510631, China. E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

We tested whether the proportion of typical sentences in a series of auditory sentences would lead people to adjust the strength of activation of world knowledge (i.e., retrieval rules adaptation) during comprehension. This issue is important because it could help clarify how people efficiently integrate different memory information in cognitive processes. In two experiments, all task materials were presented to participants as a whole package, in which proportions of typical sentences, with typical final locations, varied under different conditions. In Experiment 1, the proportion of typical sentences was equal to the atypical ones (i.e., 50% typical vs. 50% atypical), whereas in Experiment 2, the proportion of typical sentences was not equal to the atypical ones (i.e., 75% typical vs. 25% atypical, and 25% typical vs. 75% atypical). Visual fixation on the critical area in a visual display before/while hearing the critical words was compared across conditions, and across-condition differences were used as an index of the adaptation of the retrieval rule in the activation of world knowledge. The findings indicated that the adaptation of retrieval rules occurs throughout the whole test package of sentence comprehension, and the strength of activation of world knowledge in sentence comprehension can be adjusted.

Keywords

sentence comprehensionworld knowledgeproportion of typical sentencesretrieval rulesadaptation
Type
Article
Information
Language and Cognition , Volume 11 , Issue 4 , December 2019 , pp. 645 - 668
Copyright
Copyright © UK Cognitive Linguistics Association 2019 

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Footnotes

*

This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31970983), the China Scholarship Council (No. 201906755010), and the Planned project of Philosophy and Social Science in Jiangmen, 2017 (No.JM2017B12).

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