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Niche partitioning between hummingbirds and well-matched flowers is independent of hummingbird traits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2021

Raquel de Oliveira Bueno Open the ORCID record for Raquel de Oliveira Bueno [Opens in a new window] ,
Thais Bastos Zanata  and
Isabela Galarda Varassin Open the ORCID record for Isabela Galarda Varassin [Opens in a new window]
Raquel de Oliveira Bueno*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos 1233, CEP: 87301-899, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
Thais Bastos Zanata
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
Isabela Galarda Varassin
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Interações e Biologia Reprodutiva, Departamento de Botânica, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua Alcides Vieira Arcoverde s/n.º, 81.531-990, Caixa Postal 19031, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Raquel de Oliveira Bueno, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Among nectarivorous birds, the highest niche partitioning occurs between hummingbirds and plants. Although hummingbirds tend to visit morphologically well-matched resources, as ornithophilous species, they can also visit flowers with other traits. Here, we investigated whether the niche partitioning in hummingbird-plant interactions is also observed with ornithophilous species only. We also explored if hummingbird traits predicted resources use. We recorded a plant-ornithophilous species network in a semi-deciduous forest in Brazil. We quantified interaction partitioning through network connectance, complementary specialisation, and modularity. The influence of hummingbirds’ traits into their visits was investigated through methods of functional ecology and ecological networks. We recorded 948 interactions between nine hummingbirds and seven ornithophilous plants. We detected similar patterns of niche partitioning between hummingbirds and ornithophilous plants in comparison to networks considering the entire plant community. However, hummingbird species with the most specialised interactions are different from those when the whole system is evaluated. Therefore, we cannot downscale the patterns from one scale to the other. The pattern of interaction with ornithophilous plants was not related to hummingbirds’ traits. Therefore, the coexistence of species with shared traits might be occurring through facilitative and competitive processes, leading to trait mismatching and maintaining niche partitioning among ornithophilous plants.

Keywords

floral traitsforaging preferencesfunctional spacefunctional traithummingbirds traitsnetwork structureornithophilous plantssemi-deciduous seasonal foresttrait matchingtropical forest
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 37 , Issue 4 , July 2021 , pp. 193 - 199
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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