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Monitoring of small rock pools reveals differential effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on birds and mammals in the Calakmul region, southern Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 December 2021

Carlos M. Delgado-Martínez Open the ORCID record for Carlos M. Delgado-Martínez [Opens in a new window] ,
Fredy Alvarado Open the ORCID record for Fredy Alvarado [Opens in a new window] ,
Melanie Kolb Open the ORCID record for Melanie Kolb [Opens in a new window]  and
Eduardo Mendoza Open the ORCID record for Eduardo Mendoza [Opens in a new window]
Carlos M. Delgado-Martínez
Affiliation:
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus II, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n esquina Fuerte de Loreto, Col. Ejército de Oriente, C.P. 09230, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, México
Fredy Alvarado
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia) (PPGCAG), Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrárias. Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Campus III, Bananeiras58220000, Paraíba, Brazil
Melanie Kolb
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, Apdo. Post. 70-305, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, México
Eduardo Mendoza*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 58337, Morelia, Michoacán, México
*
Author for correspondence: Eduardo Mendoza, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Great attention has been drawn to the impacts of habitat deforestation and fragmentation on wildlife species richness. In contrast, much less attention has been paid to assessing the impacts of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on wildlife species composition and behaviour. We focused on natural small rock pools (sartenejas), which concentrate vertebrate activity due to habitat’s water limitation, to assess the impact of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on the species richness, diversity, composition, and behaviour of medium and large-sized birds and mammals in the highly biodiverse forests of Calakmul, southern Mexico. Camera trapping records of fauna using sartenejas within and outside the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR) showed that there were no effects on species richness, but contrasts emerged when comparing species diversity, composition, and behaviour. These effects differed between birds and mammals and between species: (1) bird diversity was greater outside the CBR, but mammal diversity was greater within and (2) the daily activity patterns of birds differed slightly within and outside the CBR but strongly contrasted in mammals. Our study highlights that even in areas supporting extensive forest cover, small-scale chronic anthropogenic disturbances can have pervasive negative effects on wildlife and that these effects contrast between animal groups.

Keywords

camera trappingprotected areastropical forestwater bodieswildlife monitoringSelva Maya
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 38 , Issue 2 , March 2022 , pp. 79 - 88
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© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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