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Abundance and diversity of spiders from the canopy of tropical rainforests with particular reference to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

A. Russell-Smith  and
N. E. Stork
A. Russell-Smith
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
N. E. Stork
Affiliation:
Biodiversity Division, Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
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Abstract

Spiders were sampled by knockdown insecticide fogging from the canopies of tropical rainforest sites in Dumoga-Bone National Park, Sulawesi, at altitudes of 210 m, 300 m, 400 m and 1150 m. The density of spiders in the canopies increased with altitude from 0.97 m−2 at 210 m to 14.6 at 1150 m−2. Species numbers increased five-fold between 210 m and 1150 m but species diversity (α of the log series) was greatest at 210 m and least at 1150 m, partially due to dominance of the fauna by few species at the highest altitude. Similarity between the spiders' communities (as measured by the Morisita-Horn index) was greatest between canopies at 300 m and 400 m and least at 400 m and 1150 m.

Theridiidae were abundant in forests at all altitudes, Pholcidae and Salticidae in the lowland forests between 210 m and 400 m and Clubionidae, Linyphiidae and Oonopidae in the montane forest at 1150 m. Theridiidae was the most species-rich family at all altitudes (22−30% of all species). Other species-rich families included Araneidae (7−19%) and Salticidae (8−17%) in lowland forests and Clubionidae (12%), Oonopidae (10%) and Salticidae (12%) in the montane forest.

Published information on density, proportion and diversity of spiders in canopies of both tropical and temperate trees is reviewed and the results discussed in relation to those from the present study.

Keywords

abundancealtitudecanopydiversityIndonesiarainforestspidersSulawesitropical
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 10 , Issue 4 , November 1994 , pp. 545 - 558
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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