¹ See, for example, Gorbman, Claudia, Unheard Melodies: Narrative Film Music (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987)Google Scholar; Kalinak, Kathryn, Settling the Score: Music and the Classical Hollywood Film (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992)Google Scholar; and Slowik, Michael, After the Silents: Hollywood Film Music in the Early Sound Era, 1926–1934 (New York: Columbia University Press, 2014)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

² See for example Altman, Rick, Silent Film Sound (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007)Google Scholar; O'Brien, Charles, Cinema's Conversion to Sound: Technology and Film Style in France and the U.S. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005)Google Scholar; and Gomery, Douglas, The Coming of Sound (New York: Routledge, 2004)Google Scholar.