¹ The United Methodist Hymnal (Nashville: United Methodist Publishing House, 1989).

² Examples are Martin E. Marty, Pilgrims in Their Own Land: 500 Years of Religion in America (New York: Penguin, 1984); Dale Brown, Understanding Pietism (Grand Rapids, Mich.: W. B. Eerdmans, 1978); Don Yoder, Pennsylvania Spirituals (Lancaster, Pa.: Pennsylvania Folklife Society, 1961); and Don Yoder, “Official Religion versus Folk Religion,” Pennsylvania Folklife 15/2 (Winter 1965–66): 36–52.

³ Paul Westermeyer, “What Shall We Sing in a Foreign Land? Theology And Cultic Song in the German Reformed and Lutheran Churches of Pennsylvania, 1830–1900” (Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1978).

⁴ See, for example, the writings of Don Yoder including his “The Pennsylvania Germans: Three Centuries of Identity Crisis,” America and the Germans, vol. 1, ed. Frank Trommler and Joseph McVeigh, 40–65 (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985).