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The Sale of a Priesthood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

G. R. Driver
Affiliation:
Magdalen College, Oxford

Extract

The tablet of which I here give a text and translation was given by Col. Stevenson, of the Ordnance in Mesopotamia; to Professor Langdon, to whom I am indebted for much help in its decipherment. It was found at Wannah wa-Ṣadûm, a group of mounds in S. Babylonia, situated on the Euphrates, to the west of Nippur, and a little to the south-west of Daghara, where other isolated inscriptions of the reigns of Narâm-Sin and Nebuchadrezzar II concerning Marad have already been found.

Type
Semitic, Sumerian, Hittite, and Egyptian Section
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Asiatic Society 1924

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References

page 41 note 1 Or Wânah wa-Sadum (RA., ix, 84), or Wannat-us-Sa'dûm (Kiepert on his Ruinenfdder der Umgegend von Babylon).

page 41 note 2 See Clay in OLZ. 1914, 110; the identification of Marad, with which the document is concerned, with Wannah-wa-Sa'dûm is confirmed by the discovery of this tablet there.

page 41 note 3 See RA., ix, 84; and xi, 88–91.

page 41 note 4 See Langdon, , NBKI., Neb., No. 3, pp. 7881Google Scholar; and Thureau-Dangin, in RA., xi, 8891Google Scholar.

page 41 note 5 Deimel, , Panth. Bab., p. 168, No. 1976Google Scholar.

page 41 note 6 Delitzseh (HWB., p. 147b) reads išqu, Muss-Arnolt (AWB., p. 77a) isqu.

page 42 note 1 Br., No. 309.

page 42 note 2 Meissn., No. 214.

page 42 note 3 Muss-Arnolt, , AWB., p. 801aGoogle Scholar.

page 42 note 4 In another syllabary nâkisu “slayer” is given as synonym of this title (Bab,, vii, pi. 6, ii, 29–30).

page 42 note 5 Cf. GIR. LAL. qar-ri in Th.-Dangin, Rituels, 133, 214, and Strassmaier, Nbk. 300, 14; cf. IV R. 40, 4, 25.

page 42 note 6 Thureau-Dangin, , Rituels, 78Google Scholar, 9.

page 43 note 1 Strassmaier, , Nbk. 247Google Scholar.

page 43 note 2 Peiser, , BV., 107Google Scholar.

page 44 note 1 Ibid., 108.

page 44 note 2 See Thureau-Dangin, , Die Sum. u. Akk. Königsinschriften, pp. 4557Google Scholar.

page 44 note 3 See Koschaker, , Babylonisch-assyrisches Bürgschaftsrecht, pp. 211–12Google Scholar.

page 44 note 4 The šibirti maḫṝi is here equated with the šûnn gamirtu and cannot therefore here mean either “pledge” (Johns, , ADD, iii, 74–8)Google Scholar or “advance”, “part-payment”, or Nebenkosten (Muss-Arnolt, , AWB., p. 1005b)Google Scholar. Dr. Daiches has brought to my notice Talm. “receipt” (Levy, , Neuh. u. Chald. Wtb., iv, 502b)Google Scholar; possibly šibirtu denotes “settlement” of the purchase-price.

page 45 note 1 For itti … šibirti maḫíri imbê “quoted … the price”, see Peiser, , KAS., p. 12Google Scholar, 11. 23–5; cf. p. 10, 11. 35–7; p. 10, 11. 10–12; p. 36,11. 6–9; p. 42, 11. 13–15.

page 45 note 2 The full phrase, as given in 11. 7, 8, is here omitted.

page 45 note 3 Id. ḫAR.MEŠ.; the reason for adding the sign of the plural is uncertain.

page 45 note 4 As in English we say “to take the side of” a person, so the Babylonian said “to love the side of” a thing; cf. RA. xv, 64, 19: šumma aḫ kitti tarâm “if thou lovest the side (Angl. cause) of truth”. By an extension of this usage aḫu (c.c. aḫ) “side” or “cause” came to be employed as a prep, meaning “because of”, “on account of”; cf. Ungnad, , BB., 154, 31–32Google Scholar: ûl aḫ ḫubti ûl ina pilši kašdâku “neither because of robbery nor in (for) burglary have I been seized” (where Ungnad incorrectly doubts the reading); Creation, ii, 3: aḫ tur gimilli “for the sake of vengeance”.

page 46 note 1 Omitted on the tablet.

page 46 note 2 See Delitzseh, , HWB., p. 466Google Scholar.

page 46 note 3 Literally: “one that enters the temple,” i.e. a kind of lay-priest who was permitted to enter the inner sanctuary of the temple (Ungnad, , Bab. Br., p. 270)Google Scholar.

page 46 note 4 Id. KAD (Br., No. 2700); for KAD = ramku, see col. viii, 1. 3, of the syllabary from Nippur (Poebel, , PBS. v, 102)Google Scholar. The word occurs written phonetically in Langdon, , NBKI., 216Google Scholar, 9.

page 46 note 5 Id. AD.KID (Meissn., No. 2760); cp. CḪ. xxiii b 39.

page 46 note 6 This title is new; two words naḫšû are known: (1) (mašak) naḫbû (pi. naḫbâtum), an object of leather, apparently a sheath of a dagger (RA., viii, 184, 2); and (2) naḫbû, a kind of bowl or vessel, from ḫabû “to dip” (ZA. xvii, 199, n. 4). The official would seem, therefore, to have been an official, possibly a priest, who either took charge of the dagger for the girlal-priest or held the the bowl for the celebrating priest in some service of the temple, perhaps to catch the victim's blood.

page 47 note 1 The Semitic equivalent is not known; possibly it was read ṭuppi iṭi “clay-tablet” (cp. Delitzsch, , Sum. Gloss., pp. 25, 123)Google Scholar. The id. occurs again in CT. xvii, 18, 19; cp. Peiser, , BV., 313aGoogle Scholar.

page 47 note 2 The impression of the thumb-nail appears about twenty times on the edges of the tablet.