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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 March 2011
The latter part of the tenth century of the Christian era gradually ushered in a new epoch in the history of India. In northern India the old kingdoms, which had dominated the political arena so long, made their exit, and new powers rose to take their place. The struggle between the Gurjaras and the Rāshṭrakuṭas ended fatally for both the contending parties. The great empire of Bhoja and Mahendrapāla had shrunk into the little principality of Kanauj. Its place was taken by the Chāndellas, the Haihayas, and the Chāhamānas, etc. The Pāla empire, too, in eastern India, had fallen on evil days. The land south of the Vindhyas was no exception from this. The Cholas of Tanjore who were to reach the height of their glory in the succeeding century, were gradually consolidating their position in the extreme south. While a new Chālukya dynasty claiming relationship with the older one eclipsed the supremacy of the Rāshṭrakuṭas in the Deccan. The history of the tenth and eleventh century a.d. is full of internecine warfare, which paved the way for Muslim conquest of India.
page 655 note 1 Ind. Ant., vol. xlvii, pp. 109–11. Pālas of Bengal, p. 64. A.R., A.S.I., 1925–6, p. 141.
page 657 note 1 South Indian Inscriptions, vol. iii, part iii, pp. 424–5; vv. 109–120.
page 658 note 1 Ep. Ind., vol. ix, p. 179.
page 658 note 2 Ibid., vol. i, pp. 235–6.
page 658 note 3 Journal of Indian History, vol. iv, p. 82.
page 658 note 4 Ibid., vol. ii, p. 364.
page 658 note 5 Ibid., vol. ii, pp. 330–8.
page 661 note 1 JPASB. (N.S.), vol. iv, pp. 107–8; Baṅgīya Sāhitya Parishat Patrikā, vol. xv, pp. 12–13.
page 661 note 2 Ep. Ind., vol. ix, p. 232.
page 662 note 1 Journal of Indian History, vol. ii, pp. 343–4.
page 663 note 1 Ep. Carnatica, vol. ix, pp. 11, 30–1; vol. xi, pp. 148–150.
page 664 note 1 Journal of Indian History, pp. 329–330.
page 664 note 2 Bāṅgālār Itihāsa, vol. i, p. 250, footnote; Chanda, , Gauḍarājamāla, p. 40Google Scholar; Basu, , Vaṅger Jātīya Itihāsa, Rājanya Kāṇḍa, p. 173Google Scholar.
page 664 note 3 Majumdar, N. G., Inscriptions of Bengal, part iii, pp. 20–1Google Scholar.
page 665 note 1 JPASB. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 286.
page 665 note 2 Journal of Indian History, vol. ii, pp. 330–1.
page 665 note 3 Tabakāt-i-Nāsirī (Raverty's translation), p. 558 and footnote.
page 666 note 1 Bāṅgālār Itihāsa, vol. i, pp. 246–252; Journal of Indian History, vol. ii, pp. 337–45.