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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 May 2009
It is always an unsatisfactory task to attempt to summarize the results of an extensive piece of scientific work while this is still in progress. The conclusions made during the course of a series of researches are necessarily tentative ones, and subject to more or less modification when the work comes to an end. Even the main facts elicited during the investigation do not at the time present themselves in their real proportions. One fails to appreciate the importance of some, and may be tempted to give emphasis to others which do not possess the significance assigned to them. Such considerations apply with special force to the following sketch of the main results apparent so far from the work of the International Fishery Investigations in the Northern European seas. Nine countries—Britain, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Finland, The Netherlands, Norway, Russia, and Sweden—are engaged in these researches. Each country has its own staff of scientific men (and women); its own exploring vessels and laboratories; and its own publications. Controlling and supervising all this work is the International Council, operating through the Bureau at Copenhagen, and the Central Laboratory at Christiania.
* For the English reader the following are the most important publications:—
The Rapports et Procès-verbaux of the Council, especially vol. iii.
The English Blue books. Fishery and Hydrographic Investigations in the North Sea and adjacent regions (cd. 2612, 1905; and cd. 2670, 1905). North Sea Fishery Investigations, Reports and Correspondence, vol. i. (cd. 2966, 1905). (Vol. ii. of this Blue book is identical with Rapports et Procès-verbaux, vol. iii.)
The Bulletin des Résultats of the Council.
The Publications de Circonstance of the Council.
The Danish Meddelelser fra Kommissionen for Havundensögelser (in English).
The German Beteiligung Deutschlands an den Internationalen Meeresforschung.
The Journal of the Marine Biological Association.
There are of course other publications, but the above are the most noteworthy and generally interesting.
* Cleve, Ekman, and Pettersson, Variations annuelles de l'eau de surface de l'ocean atlantique.
† Petermann's, Mittheilungen, 1900,Google Scholar Heft i. u. ii.; see also Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii., 1905, p. 4.
. Oceanographische Studien u. d. Barentz Meer. Petermann's, Mittheilungen, 1904, p. 46.Google Scholar Also Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii., 1905, p. 3.
* Robertson, A. J., Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations in the North Sea and adjacent regions, p. 55, 1905 (cd. 2612).Google Scholar
* Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii., 1906, p. 8.
* Matthews, , Report (No. 2, Southern Area) Fishery and Hydrographic Investigations in the North Sea and adjacent regions, 1905, p. 289 (cd. 2670).Google Scholar
* Pettersson, , Rappts. et Procès-verb., vol. iii., 1905, pp. 13–19.Google Scholar
* This has been admirably summarized by Hoek, P. P. C. in No. 3 of the Publications de Circonstance, August, 1903.Google Scholar
† See also Cunningham's Marketable Marine Fishes 1896; Holt's Account of the Grimsby Trawl Fishery (published by the Marine Biological Association); and Mclntosh and Masterman's Life Histories of the British Marine Food Fishes, 1897.
* Wissensch. Meeresuntersuch., Bd. i., Abteilumgan Helgoland.
† Skrifter af Kommission for Havunersögelsen, Nr. 1, 1904.
‡ Meddelelser Komm. Havundersögelser, Ser. Fiskeri, Bd. i. No. 4, 1905.
* Meddelelser Komm, Havundersög., Bd. i. Fiskeri, Nrs. 3 and 8, 1904–5.
† Meddelelser Komm. Havundersög., Fiskeri. Bd. i. Nr. 1, 1904.
‡ Ibid., Fiskeri, Bd. i. Nrs. 5, 6, 1905.
* 61° 21' N.; 19° 59' W.
† Meddelelser Komm, Havundersög., Fiskeri, Bd. i. Nr. 5, 1905, p. 5.
* Medd. Komm, Havundersög., Fiskeri, Bd. i. Nr. 6, 1905.
. Medd. Komm. Havundersög., Fiskeri, Bd. i. Nr. 1, p. 12, 1904.
† Ibid.
* Thompson, D'Arey W., Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations in the North Sea, etc., (cd. 2612), 1905, p. v.Google Scholar
* Garstang, , Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations, etc. (cd. 2670), 1905, p. 102.Google Scholar
* Rappts. et Proc.-verb, vol. iii., 1905. Distribution of the plaice on the Dutch coast.
* Wallace, , Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations, etc., Southern Area (cd. 2670), 1905, p. 208, fig. 4.Google Scholar
* See charts X-XII, Meddelelsen Komm. Havundersög., Fiskeri, Bd. i. Nr. 2, 1905.
† Garstang, and Borley, , Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations inthe North Sea, etc., Southern Area (cd. 2670), 1905.Google Scholar
* Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii., 1905, app. H, p. 14.
† See Jenkins, , Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc., vol. xv. p. 312, 1901.Google Scholar
‡ See Garstang, , Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii. app. H, p. 10, 1905.Google Scholar
* In spite of the declared opinion of Huxley, who deprecated such legislation if incautiously embarked upon (Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley, vol. ii. p. 234, 1900).
* Garstang, , Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations in the North Sea, etc., Southern Area, p. 45, 1905.Google Scholar
† See Scott and Baxter, Report Lancashire Sea Fisheries Labouratory for 1905.
‡ Hjort, and Petersen, , Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii. 1905,Google Scholar app. G.
* Publications de Circonstance, No. 8, 1904.
* Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iv., 1905, app. F. See also Betheiligung Deutschlands an den Internationalen Untersuchungen, Bd. i.
* Henking, loc. cit., p. 18.
. See Thompson, D'Arcy, “Aberdeen Trawling Statistics”; Fulton, “Distribution and Seasonal Abundance of Flat-fishes in the North Sea”; Fishery and Hydrographic Investigations in the North Sea (cd. 2612), 1905.Google Scholar
* It is therefore erroneous to state (see, for instance, the House of Lords debate, 25th June, 1906) that we have by the publication of these figures handed over information to German fisherman which is made use of to our detriment. Even if these figures could supply such information, one can hardly imagine that the German fishing industry is so well organized that trawl owners or fishing-boat masters study English scientific journals; any more than that English or Scotch owners or masters study, for instance, the German Mitteilungen des Deutschen See-Fisherei Verein; or that state fishery intelligence departments exist in either country which study this information and supply it to the fishing industry.
* Thompson, D'Arcy, Fishery and Hydrographical Investigations in the North Sea (cd. 2612), 1905, p. 352.Google Scholar
† See Archer, , Report of the Committee on Sea Fisheries Bill (H.L.), 1904.Google Scholar
‡ Kyle, , “First report on the statistical material received by the Bureau regarding the quantities of small plaice landed in the various countries,” Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iv., 1905,Google Scholar app. C.
* See Gough, , Publications de Circonstance, No. 29, 1905.Google Scholar
† See Damas, “Notes biologiques sur les Copepodes de la mer norvegienne,” Publications de Circonstance.
* Brandt, , Rappts. et Proc.-verb., vol. iii. app. D, 1905.Google Scholar