Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T15:17:44.978Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seasonal pattern of the coastal fish assemblage in Anegada Bay, Argentina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2013

Facundo Manuel Llompart ,
Darío César Calautti ,
Adriana Milena Cruz-Jiménez  and
Ckaudio Rafael Mariano Baigún
Facundo Manuel Llompart*
Affiliation:
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Bernardo Houssay 200, V9410CAB Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Darío César Calautti
Affiliation:
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Bernardo Houssay 200, V9410CAB Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Laboratorio de Ecología y Producción Pesquera (IIB-INTECH), Intendente Marino, km 8.200, CC164 (B7130IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Adriana Milena Cruz-Jiménez
Affiliation:
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Bernardo Houssay 200, V9410CAB Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Ckaudio Rafael Mariano Baigún
Affiliation:
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC), Bernardo Houssay 200, V9410CAB Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Laboratorio de Ecología y Producción Pesquera (IIB-INTECH), Intendente Marino, km 8.200, CC164 (B7130IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: F.M. Llompart, Laboratorio de Ecología, Fisiología y Evalución de Organismos Acuáticos, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientificas (CADIC-CONICET), Rernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia (9410), Tierra del Fuego, Argentina email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The seasonal variation of the inshore fish assemblage of Anegada Bay, North Patagonia, Argentina is described here. Three areas were seasonally sampled from 2007 to 2009 by means of a gang of bottom gill-nets. We found 21 coastal fish species, but species richness and fish number and weight changed throughout the year. The six species classified as dominant have national and regional value for artisanal and recreational fishing and were responsible for the seasonal variation in the fish assemblage. Both cluster and non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses based on fish number and fish weight indicated two major sample groups encompassing spring and summer (the warmer seasons) and autumn and winter (the colder seasons). The fish assemblage had higher species richness, dominance and abundance during the warmer seasons than during the colder seasons in the same years and at the same sites. Water temperature was the main environmental factor structuring the fish assemblage in Anegada Bay. We suggest that partial breeding migration toward the bay during warmer months could explain the seasonal pattern observed. Nevertheless, variation in temperature conditions agreed well with the pattern of seasonal changes, leading to an interaction between abiotic and biotic influences in determining the variability in this seasonal fish assemblage. We conclude that an understanding of species temporal and spatial patterns in areas of high ecological and economic value, as exemplified by Anegada Bay, are essential for the implementation of a management approach oriented toward ecosystem sustainability.

Keywords

seasonal variationcoastal speciesspatio-temporal dynamicsfish assemblageNorth Patagonia
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 93 , Issue 8 , December 2013 , pp. 2273 - 2285
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Acha, E.M. and Macchi, G.J. (2000) Spawning of Brazilian menhaden, Brevoortia aurea, in the Río de la Plata estuary of Argentina and Uruguay. Fishery Bulletin 98, 227–235.Google Scholar
Anderson, M.J. (2001) A new method for a non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26, 32–46.Google Scholar
Angelescu, V. and Prenski, L.B. (1987) Ecología trófica de la merluza común del Mar Argentino (Merlucciidae, Merluccius hubbsi), parte 2, dinámica de la alimentación analizada sobre la base de las condiciones ambientales, la estructura y las evaluaciones de los efectivos en su área de distribución. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, No. 561, 205 pp.Google Scholar
Baber, M.J., Childers, D.L., Babbitt, K.J. and Anderson, D.H. (2002) Controls on fish distribution and abundance in temporary wetlands. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, 1441–1450.Google Scholar
Balech, E. (1971) Notas históricas y críticas de la oceanografía biológica argentina. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval 20, 159–164.Google Scholar
Balech, E. (1986) De nuevo sobre la oceanografía frente a la Argentina. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval 645, 1–23.Google Scholar
Balech, E. and Ehrlich, M. (2008) Biogeographic scheme of the Argentine Sea. Revista de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero 19, 45–75.Google Scholar
Barletta, M., Barletta-Bergan, A., Saint-Paul, U. and Hubold, G. (2005) The role of salinity in structuring the fish assemblages in a tropical estuary. Journal of Fish Biology 66, 45–72.Google Scholar
Bianchi, A., Massoneau, M. and Olivera, R.M. (1982) Análisis estadístico de las características T-S del sector austral de la plataforma continental argentina. Acta Oceanographica Argentina 3, 93–118.Google Scholar
Blaber, S.J.M. and Blaber, T.G. (1980) Factors affecting the distribution of juvenile estuarine and inshore fish. Journal of Fish Biology 17, 143–162.Google Scholar
Boltovskoy, E. (1981) Masas de agua en el Atlántico Sudoccidental. In Boltovskoy, D. (ed.) Atlas del zooplancton del Atlántico Sudoccidental. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, pp. 227–237.Google Scholar
Borges, M.E. (2006) Ecología de las ostras en ambientes del sur bonaerense: cultivo y manejo de sus poblaciones . PhD thesis. Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina.Google Scholar
Brandhorst, W. and Castello, J.P. (1971) Evaluación de los recursos de anchoíta (Engraulis anchoita) frente a la Argentina y Uruguay, I Las condiciones oceanográficas, sinopsis del conocimiento actual de la anchoíta y plan para su evaluación. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, No. 32, 47 pp.Google Scholar
Carozza, C., Navarro, L., Jaureguizar, A., Lasta, C. and Bertolotti, M.B. (2001a) Asociación íctica costera Bonaerense ‘Variado Costero’. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, No. 48/01.Google Scholar
Carozza, C., Ruarte, C., Massa, A., Suquelli, P., Colautti, D., Giangiobbe, S., Arias, A. and Hozbor, N. (2001b) Diagnóstico del conocimiento de la pesca costera demersal en la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Trabajo conjunto INIDEP, Subsecretaría de Actividades Pesqueras de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Explotación Comercial Secretaría de Desarrollo Sustentable y Política Ambiental de la Nación Dirección de Recursos Ictícolas y Acuícolas. Consejo Federal Pesquero, 18 pp.Google Scholar
Chao, L.H., Pereira, L.E. and Vieira, J.P. (1985) Estuarine fish community of the dos Patos Lagoon, Brazil. A baseline study. In Yanez-Arancibia, A. (ed.) Fish community ecology in estuaries and coastal lagoons: towards an ecosystem integration. Windhoek: UNAM Press, pp. 429–450.Google Scholar
Chapman, B.B., Skov, C., Hulthén, K., Brodersen, J., Nilsson, P.A., Hansson, L.A. and Brönmark, C. (2012a) Partial migration in fishes I: definitions, methodologies and taxonomic distribution. Journal of Fish Biology 81, 479–499.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, B.B., Hulthen, K., Brodersen, J., Nilsson, P.A., Skov, C., Hansson, L.A. and Brönmark, C. (2012b) Partial migration in fishes II: causes and consequences. Journal of Fish Biology 81, 456–478.Google Scholar
Chiaramonte, G. and Vooren, C.M. (2007) Squatina guggenheim. In IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012.1 web. Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org/ (accessed 17 July 2013).Google Scholar
Clark, B.M., Bennett, B.A. and Lamberth, S.J. (1994) Comparison of the ichthyofauna of two estuaries and their adjacent surf zones, with an assessment of the effects of beach-seining on the nursery function of estuaries for fish. South African Journal of Marine Science 14, 121–131.Google Scholar
Clark, B.M., Bennett, B.A. and Lamberth, S.J. (1996) Temporal variations in surf zone fish assemblages from False Bay, South Africa. Marine Ecology Progress Series 131, 35–47.Google Scholar
Clarke, K.R. and Warwick, R.M. (2001) Change in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation, 2nd edition. Plymouth: PRIMER-E/Natural Environment Resource Council.Google Scholar
Colautti, D., Baigun, C., Lopez, C.A., Llompart, F., Molina, J.M., Suquele, P. and Calvo, S. (2010) Population biology and fishery characteristics of smoothhound Mustelus schmitti in Anegada Bay, Argentina. Fisheries Research 106, 351–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colonello, J.H., Lucifora, L.O. and Massa, A.M. (2007) Reproduction of the angular angel shark (Squatina guggenheim): geographic differences, reproductive cycle, and sexual dimorphism. ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, 131–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connell, J.H. (1978) Diversity in tropical rain forest and coral reefs. Science 199, 1302–1310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuadrado, D.G. and Gómez, E.A. (2010) Geomorfología y dinámica del canal San Blas, Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis 17, 3–16.Google Scholar
Cuadrado, D.G. and Gómez, E.A. (2011) Morphodynamic characteristics in a tidal inlet: San Blas, Argentina. Geomorphology 135, 202–211.Google Scholar
De Buen, F. (1953) Los pejerreyes (Familia Atherinidae) en la fauna Uruguaya, con descripción de nuevas especies. Boletim do Instituto Oceanográfico São Paulo 4, 3–80.Google Scholar
Fauth, J.E., Bernardo, J., Camara, M., Resetarits, W.J., Van Buskirk, J. Jr and McCollum, S.A. (1996) Simplifying the jargon of community ecology: a conceptual approach. American Naturalist 147, 282–286.Google Scholar
Galván, D.E. (2009) Ensambles de peces en los arrecifes norpatagónicos: diversidad, abundancia y relaciones tróficas y con el hábitat . PhD thesis. Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina.Google Scholar
Galván, D.E., Venerus, L.A. and Irigoyen, A.J. (2009) The reef-fish fauna of the northern Patagonian Gulfs, Argentina, Southwestern Atlantic. The Open Fish Science Journal 2, 90–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
García, M.L., Jaureguizar, A.J. and Protogino, L.C. (2010) From fresh water to the slope: fish community ecology in the Rio de la Plata and the sea beyond. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 38, 81–96.Google Scholar
Gibson, R.N., Ansell, A.D. and Robb, L. (1993) Seasonal and annual variations in abundance and species composition of fish and macrocrustacean communities on a Scottish sandy beach. Marine Ecology Progress Series 98, 89–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guerrero, R.A. and Piola, A.R. (1997) Masas de agua en la plataforma continental. In Boschi, E. (ed.) El Mar Argentino y sus recursos pesqueros, Tomo I: Antecedentes históricos de las exploraciones en el mar y las características ambientales. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, pp. 107–119.Google Scholar
Haimovici, M., Pereira, S.D. and Vieira, P.C. (1989) La pesca demersal en el sur de Brasil en el período 1975–1985. Frente Marítimo 5, 151–163.Google Scholar
Jaureguizar, A.J. (2004) Patrón espacial y temporal de las áreas de asociaciones ícticas demersales costeras (34°S–41°S) y su relación con los factores ambientales . PhD thesis. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.Google Scholar
Jaureguizar, A.J., Menni, R., Bremec, C., Mianzan, H. and Lasta, C. (2003) Fish assemblages and environmental patterns in the Rio de la Plata estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 56, 921–933.Google Scholar
Jaureguizar, A.J., Menni, R., Guerrero, R. and Lasta, C. (2004) Environmental factors structuring fish communities of the Río de la Plata Estuary. Fisheries Research 66, 195–211.Google Scholar
Jaureguizar, A.J., Menni, R., Lasta, C. and Guerrero, R. (2006) Fish assemblages of the northern Argentine coastal system: spatial patterns and their temporal variations. Fisheries Oceanography 15, 326–344.Google Scholar
Junk, W.J., Bayley, P.B. and Sparks, R.E. (1989) The flood pulse concept in river-floodplain systems. In Dodge, D.P. (ed.) Proceedings of the international large rivers symposium. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 19, 110–127.Google Scholar
Krefft, G. (1968) Neue und erstmalig nachgewiesene Knorpelfische aus dem Archibental des Südwestatlantiks einschliesslich einer Diskussion einiger Etmopterus-Arten südlicher Meere. Archiv für Fischereiwissenchaft 19, 1–42.Google Scholar
Layman, C.A. (2000) Fish assemblage structure of the shallow ocean surf-zone on the eastern shore of Virginia Barrier Islands. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 51, 201–213.Google Scholar
Legendre, P. and Legendre, L. (1998) Numerical ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Leps, J. and Smilauer, P. (2003) Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Llompart, F.M. (2011) La ictiofauna de Bahía San Blas (Provincia de Buenos Aires) y su relación con la dinámica de las pesquerías deportiva y artesanal . PhD thesis. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.Google Scholar
Llompart, F.M., Colautti, D.C. and Baigun, C.R.M. (2012) Assessment of a major shore-based marine recreational fishery in the Southwest Atlantic, Argentina. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 46, 57–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Llompart, F.M., Colautti, D.C., Maiztegui, T., Cruz-Jiménez, A.M. and Baigun, C.R.M. (2013) Biological traits and growth patterns of pejerrey Odontesthes argentinensis . Journal of Fish Biology 82, 458–474.Google Scholar
Llompart, F.M., Molina, J.M., Cazorla, A.L., Baigún, C.R. and Colautti, D.C. (2010) Pisces, Anegada Bay protected area, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Check List 127, 579–582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
López Cazorla, A. (1996) The food of Cynoscion striatus (Cuvier) (Pisces: Sciaenidae) in the Bahía Blanca area, Argentina. Fisheries Research 28, 371–379.Google Scholar
López, R.B. (1964) Problemas de la distribución geográfica de los peces marinos sudamericanos. Boletin del Instituto de Biología Marina 7, 57–62.Google Scholar
Lucifora, L.O. (2003) Ecología y conservación de los grandes tiburones costeros de Bahía Anegada, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina . PhD thesis. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina.Google Scholar
Lucifora, L.O., García, V.B., Menni, R.C. and Escalante, A.H. (2006) Food habits, selectivity, and foraging modes of the school shark, Galeorhinus galeus . Marine Ecology Progress Series 315, 259–70.Google Scholar
Lucifora, L.O., García, V.B., Menni, R.C., Escalante, A.H. and Hozbor, N.M. (2009a) Effects of body size, age and maturity stage on diet in a large shark: ecological and applied implications. Ecological Research 24, 109–118.Google Scholar
Lucifora, L.O., García, V.B. and Escalante, A.H. (2009b) How can the feeding habits of the sand tiger shark, Carcharias taurus, influence the success of conservation programs? Animal Conservation 12, 291–301.Google Scholar
Lucifora, L.O., Menni, R.C. and Escalante, A.H. (2002) Reproductive ecology and abundance of the sand tiger shark, Carcharias taurus, from the southwestern Atlantic. ICES Journal of Marine Science 59, 553–561.Google Scholar
Lucifora, L.O., Menni, R.C. and Escalante, A.H. (2005) Reproduction, abundance and feeding habits of the broadnose sevengill shark Notorynchus cepedianus in north Patagonia, Argentina. Marine Ecology Progress Series 289, 237–244.Google Scholar
Magurran, E.M. (2005) Measuring biological diversity. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Magurran, A.E., Khachonpisitsak, S. and Ahmad, A.B. (2011) Biological diversity of fish communities: pattern and process. Journal of Fish Biology 79, 1393–1412.Google Scholar
Martino, E.J. and Able, K.W. (2003) Fish assemblages across the marine to low salinity transition zone of a temperate estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 56, 969–987.Google Scholar
Martos, P. and Piccolo, M.C. (1988) Hydrography of the Argentine continental shelf between 38° and 42°S. Continental Shelf Research 8, 1043–1056.Google Scholar
Massa, A.M. (2013) Peces Cartilaginosos (Clase Chondrichthyes) de la Región Costera Bonaerense y Uruguaya: Situación, Impacto y Grado de Vulnerabilidad de las Distintas Especies Frente a la Presión Pesquera . PhD thesis. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina.Google Scholar
Massa, A.M. and Hozbor, N.M. (2003) Peces cartilaginosos de la plataforma Argentina: explotación, situación y necesidades para un manejo pesquero adecuado. Frente Marítimo 19, 199–206.Google Scholar
Massa, A.M., Hozbor, N.M., Lucifora, L.O. and Colonello, J.H. (2003) Sugerencias de manejo para el 2003 de gatuzo (Mustelus spp.), peces ángel (Squatina spp.) y rayas costeras. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, No. 47, 13 pp.Google Scholar
McArdle, B.H. and Anderson, M.J. (2001) Fitting multivariate models to community data: a comment on distance-based redundancy analysis. Ecology 82, 290–297.Google Scholar
Menge, B.A. and Olson, A.M. (1990) Role of scale and environmental factors in regulations of community structure. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5, 52–57.Google Scholar
Menni, R.C. and Gostonyi, A.E. (1982) Benthic and semidemersal fish associations in the Argentine sea. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 17, 1–29.Google Scholar
Menni, R.C. and López, H.L. (1984) Distributional patterns of Argentine marine fishes. Physis 42(103), 71–85.Google Scholar
Menni, R.C., Ringuelet, R.A. and Aramburu, R.H. (1984) Peces marinos de la Argentina y Uruguay, catálogo crítico ilustrado, claves para la determinación de familias, géneros y especies. Buenos Aires: Editorial Hemisferio Sur SA.Google Scholar
Menni, R.C., Jaureguizar, A.J., Stehmann, M. and Lucifora, L.O. (2010) Marine biodiversity at the community level: zoogeography of sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras in the southwestern Atlantic. Biodiversity and Conservation 19, 775–796.Google Scholar
Militelli, M.I., Macchi, G.J. and Rodrigues, K.A. (2012) Comparative reproductive biology of Sciaenidae family species in the Río de la Plata and Buenos Aires Coastal Zone, Argentina. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93, 413–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J.M., Redd, J.P. and Pietrafase, L. (1984) Patterns, mechanisms and approaches to the study of migrations of estuarine dependent fish larvae and juveniles. In McCleave, J.D., Arnold, G.P., Dodson, J. and Neil, W. (eds) Mechanisms of migrations in fish. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 209–226.Google Scholar
Miranda, L.V. and Vooren, C.M. (2003) Captura e esforço da pesca de elasmobrânquios demersais no sul do Brasil nos anos de 1975 a 1997. Frente Marítimo 19, 217–231.Google Scholar
Molina, J.M. and López Cazorla, A. (2011) Trophic ecology of Mustelus schmitti (Springer, 1939) in a nursery area of northern Patagonia. Journal of Sea Research 65, 38–389.Google Scholar
Moresco, A. and Bemvenuti, M.A. (2006) Biologia reprodutiva do peixe-rei Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes) (Atherinopsidae) da região marinha costeira do sul do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 23, 1168–1174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nion, H. (1999) La pesquería de tiburones en Uruguay con especial referencia al cazón (Galeorhinus galeus, Linnaeus 1758). In Shotton, R. (ed.) Case studies of the management of elasmobranch fisheries. Rome: FAO, pp. 218–267.Google Scholar
Penchaszadeh, P.E., Borges, M.E., Damboronea, C., Darrigan, G., Obenat, S., Pastorino, G., Schwindt, E. and Spivak, E. (2003) Protección ambiental del Río de la Plata y su frente marítimo: prevención y control de la contaminación y restauración de hábitats. Proyecto PNUD/GEF RLA, Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
Perrotta, R.G. and Ruarte, C.O. (2009) Análisis de la utilización de la captura por unidad de esfuerzo de pescadilla de red (Cynoscion guatucupa) como índice de abundancia anual período 1992–2004. Mar del Plata: INIDEP, No. 70, 13 pp.Google Scholar
Pillar, V.D. (1999) How sharp are classifications? Ecology 80, 2508–2516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinheiro, H.T., Martins, A.S., Araujo, J.N. and Pinto, A.S.S. (2009) Evidence of seasonal changes in community structure for a coastal ecosystem in the central coast of Brazil, south-west Atlantic. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, 217–224.Google Scholar
Podani, J. (2000) Introduction to the exploration of multivariate biological data. Leiden: Backhuys.Google Scholar
Rico, M.R. (2000) La salinidad y la distribución espacial de la ictiofuana en el estuario del Río de la Plata . PhD thesis. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina.Google Scholar
Rodrigues, F.L. and Vieira, J.P. (2013) Surf zone fish abundance and diversity at two sandy beaches separated by long rocky jetties. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, 867–875.Google Scholar
Sampaio, L.A. (2006) Production of ‘pejerrey’ Odontesthes argentinensis fingerlings: a review of current techniques. Biocell 30, 121–123.Google ScholarPubMed
Servicio de Hidrografía Naval (2009) SHN Web. Available at: http://www.hidro.gov.ar/oceanografia/tmareas/form_tmareas.asp (accessed 25 July 2009).Google Scholar
Sokal, R.R. and Rohlf, J.A. (1979) Biometria. Madrid: H. Blume.Google Scholar
Sunye, P.S. and Vooren, C.M. (1997) On cloacal gestation in angel sharks from southern Brazil. Journal of Fish Biology 50, 86–94.Google Scholar
Ter Braak, C. and Smilauer, P. (2002) CANOCO Reference Manual and CanoDraw for Windows User's Guide: Software for Canonical Community Ordination (version 4.5). Ithaca, New York: Microcomputer Power.Google Scholar
Ter Braak, C.J.F. and Verdonschot, P.F.M. (1995) Canonical correspondence analysis and related multivariate methods in aquatic ecology. Aquatic Science 57, 255–289.Google Scholar
Valesini, J.F., Potter, I.C., Platell, M.E. and Hyndes, G.A. (1997) Ichthyofaunas of a temperate estuary and adjacent marine embayment. Implications regarding choice of nursery area and influence of environmental changes. Marine Biology 128, 317–328.Google Scholar
Vasconcellos, M. and Haimovici, M. (2006) Status of white croaker Micropogonias furnieri exploited in southern Brazil according to alternative hypotheses of stock discreetness. Fisheries Research 80, 196–2002.Google Scholar
Wootton, R.J. (1991) Ecology of teleost fishes. London: Chapman & Hall.Google Scholar
Zar, J.H. (2010) Biostatistical analysis. 5th edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar