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Retinal Anatomy of New Bresiliid Shrimp from the Lucky Strike and Broken Spur Hydrothermal Vent Fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

R.O. Kuenzler ,
J.T. Kwasniewski ,
R.N. Jinks ,
R.C. Lakin ,
B.A. Battelle ,
E.D. Herzog ,
L. Kass ,
G.H. Renninger  and
S.C. Chamberlin
R.O. Kuenzler
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244–1240, USA
J.T. Kwasniewski
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244–1240, USA
R.N. Jinks
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244–1240, USA Institute for Sensory Research, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, 13244–5290, USA
R.C. Lakin
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244–1240, USA
B.A. Battelle
Affiliation:
The Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St Augustine, Florida 32086, USA
E.D. Herzog
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244–1240, USA Institute for Sensory Research, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, 13244–5290, USA
L. Kass
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA
G.H. Renninger
Affiliation:
Biophysics Group, Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, NIG 2W1
S.C. Chamberlin
Affiliation:
Department of Bioengineering and Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244–1240, USA
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Extract

The 1989 discovery of a large dorsal eye on the hydrothermal vent shrimp, Rimicaris exoculata, debunked the prevailing opinion that all animals living around deep hydrothermal vents were blind. Recent dives with DSV ‘Alvin’ recovered new bresiliid shrimp [Chorocaris (Lucky Strike) and Chorocaris (Broken Spur)] from two new vent fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Lucky Strike species has recently been named Chorocaris fortunata and may be the same as the Broken Spur species - the retinal morphologies reported here are very similar. Like R. exoculata, C. fortunata has a visual apparatus adapted to the very dim light of its environment. Although in both species enlarged, non-imaging eyes appear to have evolved from the stalked compound eyes typical of caridean shrimp, those of C. fortunata are forward-facing whilst that of R. exoculata is located dorsally. The massive array of photosensitive membrane (rhabdom) of C. fortunata lies beneath a smooth cornea within a matt, white, reflecting matrix and occupies 80% of the available volume of the photoreceptors compared to the expected 10–15% of shallow water decapods. All screening pigment is located out of the light path at the bottom of the retina. There is no ultrastructural evidence for cyclic rhabdom shedding or renewal. Thus the cellular organization of C. fortunata is remarkably similar to that of R. exoculata and distinct from its surface-dwelling relatives. This suggests that in these species imaging optics have been sacrificed to achieve the increased visual sensitivity necessary to detect the very dim light emitted from the throats of the black smoker chimneys around which they live

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 77 , Issue 3 , August 1997 , pp. 707 - 725
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1997

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